{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T09:48:01Z","timestamp":1791712081067,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T07:41:59Z","timestamp":1763797319000},"page":"120913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Astragali Complanati Semen (Astragalus complanatus R. Br. seeds): An updated review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"357","author":[{"given":"Yingying","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linke","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib1","first-page":"684","article-title":"Anti-tumor effect in vitro and in vivo of total flavonoids from Astragali complanati Semen and ursolic acid","volume":"36","author":"Bai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Pat. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib118","first-page":"33","article-title":"Study on the chemical composition of Astragali Complanati semen oil","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chin. Mater. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1952","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.202200019","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Separ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib3","first-page":"133","article-title":"Proteomics reveals the pharmacological mechanism of flavonoids from Astragali Complanati Semen in preventing chronic liver injury","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib4","first-page":"11","article-title":"Study on chemical constituents of Semen Astragali Complanati II","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib5","first-page":"42","article-title":"Studies on chemical constituents of Semen Astragali Complanati I - separation and analysis of amino acids","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chin. Mater. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib6","series-title":"The Effects of Complanatoside A on Photoreceptor and Microglial Cells in Mice with Retinal Degeneration","first-page":"59","author":"Chen","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20220754","DOI":"10.1515\/biol-2022-0754","article-title":"Advances in diagnosis and treatment of perimenopausal syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Open Life Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2005.08.005","article-title":"The emerging role of free radicals in delayed onset muscle soreness and contraction-induced muscle injury. Comparative Biochemistry and physiology part A:","volume":"142","author":"Close","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Integrat. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib9","series-title":"Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China","year":"2025"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib10","first-page":"189","article-title":"Study on chemical constituents of Semen astragali Complanati","volume":"24","author":"Cui","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.40.1943","article-title":"Structures of three new acylated flavonol glycosides from Astragalus complanatus R. BR","volume":"40","author":"Cui","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chem. Pharm. Bull."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.41.178","article-title":"Chemical constituents of Astragali Semen","volume":"41","author":"Cui","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chem. Pharm. Bull."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.40.136","article-title":"Four new oleanene derivatives from the seeds of Astragalus complanatus","volume":"40","author":"Cui","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chem. Pharm. Bull."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib14","first-page":"31","article-title":"Influence of total flavonoids in Shayuanzi on blood fat level and synthesis pathway of triglyceride in rats with hyperlipidemia kidney yang deficiency pattern","volume":"41","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Beijing Univer. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib15","first-page":"100636","article-title":"FlowerMate 2.0: identifying plants in China with artificial intelligence","volume":"5","author":"Gan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Innovation"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib16","first-page":"2437","article-title":"Effeet of complanatoside A on ATGL,PPARs,and inllammatory factors of steatosis L02 cells","volume":"17","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib17","first-page":"41","article-title":"Research progress on medicinal whitWorld J. Tradit. Chin. Med.e and fertilization technology","volume":"8","author":"Gu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mod. Agricul. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib18","first-page":"107","article-title":"Study on chemical constituents of Semen Astragali Complanali","volume":"12","author":"Gu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Northwest Pharmaceut. J."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-971925","article-title":"Effects of prolonged exercise on brain ammonia and amino acids","volume":"19","author":"Guezennec","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib20","first-page":"96","article-title":"Mechanisms of complanatoside A against extracellular matrix accumulation, inflammation and proliferation of mesangial cells in diabetic nephropathy through network pharmacology and experimental validation","author":"Han","year":"2025","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.12531","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus causes Male reproductive dysfunction: a review of the evidence and mechanisms","volume":"35","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"In Vivo (Athens)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.03.016","article-title":"Induction of apoptosis in human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro by flavonoids from Astragalus complanatus","volume":"123","author":"Hu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib23","first-page":"1478","article-title":"Effect of flavonoids of Astragalus complanatus on angiogenesis in tumor","volume":"44","author":"Hu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chin. Pharmaceut. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib24","first-page":"123","article-title":"Study of astragali complanati semen on tonifying kidney for arresting spontaneous emission","volume":"17","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin. J. Exp. Tradit. Med. Formulae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib25","first-page":"857","article-title":"Potential geographical distribution of Astragalus complanatus based on MaxEnt model","volume":"47","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Med. Mat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib26","first-page":"985","article-title":"Integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis to reveal the protective effect of complanatoside A on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109960","article-title":"Network pharmacology and transcriptomics reveal complanatoside A regulates lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via the AMPK pathway","volume":"144","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib28","series-title":"Bencao Yanyi","author":"Kou","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib29","series-title":"Simultaneous Determination of Eleven Flavonoid Components in Astragali Complanati Semen by UPLC-MS\/MS","first-page":"66","author":"Li","year":"2024"},{"issue":"261","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib30","first-page":"361","article-title":"Effects of total flavonoids of shayuanzi (Astragalus complanatus) on serum Calcium,Phosphorus, bone metabolism and biomechanical characteristics in ovariectomized rats with osteoporosis","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Chin. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib31","first-page":"21","article-title":"Comparation of total flavone and complantatoside A contents of Semen Astragali Complanali from different regions","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inform. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib32","first-page":"237","article-title":"The roles of bacteria on urolithiasis progression and associated compounds","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib33","first-page":"545","article-title":"Chemical studies of seed of Astragalus complanatus","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lishizhen Med. Mater. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib34","first-page":"1","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of Semen Astragall Complanati extract on diabetes-induced testicular injury","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. J. Bioproc. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib35","first-page":"101","article-title":"Antihypertensive effect of total flavonoid fraction of Astragalus complanatus in hypertensive rats","volume":"48","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chin. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib36","first-page":"336","article-title":"Effect of total flavonoids of Semen Astragali Complanati on blood pressure and angiotensin content in hypertensive rats","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib37","first-page":"28","article-title":"Studies on chemical constituents of Semen Astragali Complanati I-Pre-test of organic components and quantitative analysis of inorganic components","volume":"2","author":"Li","year":"1987","journal-title":"Northwest Pharmaceut. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib38","first-page":"17","article-title":"Study on chemical constituents of Semen Astragali Complanati \u2161-Quantitative analysis of amino acid composition","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"1988","journal-title":"Northwest Pharmaceut. J."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib39","first-page":"310","article-title":"Isolation, purification and structural characterization of polysaccharides from Semen Astragali complanati","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Sci. (N. Y.)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13588","article-title":"The emergence of natural products as potential therapeutics for male infertility","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib41","series-title":"Bencao Lihai","author":"Ling","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib42","series-title":"Effect of Flavonoids of Astragalus Complanatuson Anti-hepatocarcinoma and Its Mechanism","first-page":"105","author":"Liu","year":"2007"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib43","first-page":"781","article-title":"Experimental study on flavonoids from Semen Astragali Complanati against human hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts in nude mice","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chin. Pharmacol. Bull."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib44","first-page":"1052","article-title":"Screening of anti-tumor active parts of Semen Astragali Complanati in vitro and in vivo","volume":"38","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib45","first-page":"1104","article-title":"Protective effect of extract in seed of Astragalus complanatus on acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib46","first-page":"2190","article-title":"Jin Suo Gu Jing Wan modified formula cClinical observation on the treatment of chronic kidney failure (CKD3 stage)","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lishizhen Med. Mater. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib47","first-page":"3121","volume":"vol. 56","author":"Liu","year":"2025"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-13-141","article-title":"Semen astragali complanati- and rhizoma cibotii-enhanced bone formation in osteoporosis rats","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Compl. Alternative Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib49","first-page":"2535","article-title":"Establishment of fingerprint and determination of seven flavonoid components in Astragali Complanati Semen decoction pieces","volume":"47","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Med. Mat."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib50","first-page":"1854","article-title":"Study on improvement effects and mechanism of Astragalus complanatus total flavonoids on reproductive dysfunction model Male rats","volume":"31","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"China Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib51","first-page":"13","article-title":"The use of traditional Chinese medicines in relieving exercise-induced fatigue","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib52","first-page":"170","article-title":"Effects of Semen Astragali Complanati extract on formation of urinary calcium Ox alate stone in rats","volume":"45","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"New Chin. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib53","first-page":"53","article-title":"Regulation and control effects of Semen astragali complanati on GAD67 GABA-T and $SADH gene expression in the hippocampus of exercised rats","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Shandong Sports Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib54","first-page":"68","article-title":"Changes in yield and quality of Astragali complanati Semen under different fertilization treat\u2043 ments","volume":"44","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Shanxi Agric. Univ. (Soc. Sci. Ed.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib55","series-title":"Effects of Temperature and Water Potential on Seed Germination of Astragalus complanatus","first-page":"162","author":"Luo","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.00009","article-title":"Depression, anxiety, and apathy in mild cognitive impairment: current perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib57","first-page":"1168","article-title":"Effect of Astragalus Complanatus on free radical metabolism in muscle and exercise performance of trained rat","volume":"28","author":"Ma","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Fourth Mil. Med. Univ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib58","first-page":"409","article-title":"Effect of astragalus complanatus on liver free radical metabolism in rats of exercise training","volume":"28","author":"Ma","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Xi' an Jiaotong Univ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib59","series-title":"Genuine Regional Crude Drugs Part 60:tongshayuan (T_CACM 1020.60-2019)","author":"Medicine","year":"2019"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib61","first-page":"241","article-title":"Herbal textual research on tribuli fructus and Astragali Complanati Semen in famous classical formulas","volume":"31","author":"Mou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. J. Exp. Tradit. Med. Formulae."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib62","first-page":"809","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of two traditional Chinese medicine in vitro","volume":"25","author":"Mou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lishizhen Med. Mater. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib63","series-title":"Study on the Effect of Semen astragali Complanati on Amino Acid Neurotransmitters and Related Gene Expression in Brain Tissue of Exercise Training Rats","first-page":"60","author":"Nie","year":"2005"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib64","first-page":"898","article-title":"Effects of complanatus flavonoids on triglyceride, DGAT2 and ATGL of hepatic inhyperlipidemia rats","volume":"30","author":"Ou","year":"2015","journal-title":"China J. Tradit. Chin. Med. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib65","series-title":"Effects and Mechanisms Offlavonoids of Astragaluscomplanatus Against Injuries Induced by Radiation","first-page":"71","author":"Qi","year":"2008"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2010.11.015","article-title":"Protective effect of flavonoids from Astragalus complanatus on radiation induced damages in mice","volume":"82","author":"Qi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib67","first-page":"26","article-title":"Effects of flavonoids of Astragali Complanali against damage induced by 60Co\u03b3- ray irradiation","volume":"28","author":"Qi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Suzhou Univ. J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib68","first-page":"73","article-title":"Protective effect of antioxidation of flavonoids of Astragali complanali against radiation damage","volume":"45","author":"Qi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Shanghai J. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib69","first-page":"104","article-title":"Complanatoside A targeting NOX4 blocks renal fibrosis in diabetic mice by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and autophagy","author":"Ren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox6030057","article-title":"Chemical analysis of Astragali Complanati Semen and its hypocholesterolemic effect using serum metabolomics based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry","volume":"6","author":"Sham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib71","first-page":"81","article-title":"Study on complanatoside A down regulating nuclear factor-\u03baB signaling to suppressess them lignant phenotype of ovarian cancer cells","volume":"32","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin. J. Human Sexual."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib72","first-page":"90","article-title":"Protection of flavonoids from Astragalus Complanatuson hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice","volume":"30","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Suzhou Univ. J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib73","first-page":"8077","article-title":"Comprehensive quality evaluation of salt-Astragali Complanati Semen based on QAMS multi-component quantitative quality control combined with PCA, OPLS-DA and EW-TOPSIS method","volume":"54","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib74","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exploration on the mechanism of Astragali Complanati Semen in preventing and treating hyperlipidemia based on network pharmacology and experimental validation","author":"Tan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. J. Inf. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib75","first-page":"13","article-title":"Flavonol glycoside complanatoside A requires FOXO\/DAF-16, NRF2\/SKN-1, and HSF-1 to improve stress resistances and extend the life span of Caenorhabditis elegans","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib76","first-page":"2365","article-title":"Effects of total flavonoids in Astragali Complanati Semen on liver lipid level and ER\u03b1 expression on liver in hyperlipidemia rats with kidney-Yang deficiency pattern","volume":"43","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chin. Mater. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib77","first-page":"1031","article-title":"Effect of Semen Astragali Complanati on the activity of Na+, K+-ATPase and Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase in different tissue of trained rats","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. NW Univ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib78","first-page":"120","article-title":"Study on the protective effeet and mechanism of Astragaluscomplanatus extract on the brain tissue of exercise training rats","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Shanxi Normal Univ. (Philos. Soc. Sci. Ed.)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib79","first-page":"2444","article-title":"Responses of seed germination of Astragalus membranaceus to light and temperature conditions accompanied with drought and salt stresses","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"China J. Chin. Mater. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib80","first-page":"1089","article-title":"Effect of extract of Semen Astragali Complanali on calcium oxalate crystal growth in diferent systems","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin. J. Inorg. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib81","first-page":"20","article-title":"Impacts of Yang nourishing medicine complanatus on depression model mice","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. J. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib82","series-title":"Studies on the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidative Effects and Mechanisms of Complanatuside","author":"Wang","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib83","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mechanism of total flavonoids from Astragali Complanati Semen in treating chronic liver injury based on intestinal flora","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chin. Mater. Med."},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib84","first-page":"2807","article-title":"Anti-aging effect of flavonoids of Astragalus complanatus on D-galactose-induced subacute aging in mice","volume":"20","author":"Wei","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. China Pharm."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib85","first-page":"55","article-title":"The inhibitory effect of total flavonoids from Semen Astragali Complanati on the proliferation of leukemia cell HL-60 and its effect on p53 expression","volume":"25","author":"Wei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Clin. Chin. Materia Medica"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib86","first-page":"1556","article-title":"FAC inhibits proliferation,induces apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7,increases expression of p53 and decrease expression of c-Myc and NF-\u03baB","volume":"30","author":"Wei","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Nan Jing Med. Univ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib87","first-page":"160","article-title":"Study on anti-aging effects of flavonoids of Astragali Complanali on subacute aging mice induced by D-galactose","volume":"13","author":"Wei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chinese General Practice"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib88","first-page":"1204","article-title":"Lipid-lowering effect and mechanism study of Complanatoside A on steatosis model of L02 cells","volume":"14","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Global Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib89","first-page":"72","article-title":"Comparison of genetic toxicity of Chinese medicine Semen Astragali Complanati and rhizoma curculiginis","volume":"6","author":"Wei","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin. Comm. Doctors"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib90","first-page":"91","article-title":"Study on chemical constituents of Semen Astragali Complanati","volume":"33","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Anhui Univer. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib91","first-page":"60","article-title":"Effects of melatonin on seed germination and seedling growth of Astragalus complanatus","volume":"38","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. Agricul. Sci. Bulletin"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib92","first-page":"27","article-title":"Experimental Study of Semen Astragali Complanati extract on the lipid-modifying and liver-protective effects","volume":"9","author":"Xie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chin. J. Exp. Tradit. Med. Formulae"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib93","first-page":"1459","article-title":"Chemical constituents from seeds of Astragali complanati","volume":"43","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chin. Mater. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib94","first-page":"2930","article-title":"Effects of temperature on seed germination and seedling growth of two Astragalus species under drought and salt stresses","volume":"39","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. J. Ecol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2007.11.030","article-title":"Effect of total flavonoid fraction of Astragalus complanatus R.Brown on angiotensin II-induced portal-vein contraction in hypertensive rats","volume":"15","author":"Xue","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib96","first-page":"855","article-title":"Effects of total flavonoids of Semen Astragali Complanati on blood pressure and hemodynamics in SHR","volume":"27","author":"Xue","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chin. Mater. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib97","first-page":"139","article-title":"Effects of Semen Astragali Complanation 5-HT and relevant substances levels of brain in exercise-induced fatigue rats","volume":"49","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"China Sport Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib98","first-page":"104","article-title":"Effects of Semen ast ragali complanati on BCAA and AAA levels of blood in exercise-induced fatigue rats","volume":"38","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Shanxi Normal Univ. (Philos. Soc. Sci. Ed.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib99","first-page":"184","article-title":"Evaluating platelet activation related to the degradation of biomaterials using molecular markers","author":"Ye","year":"2019","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib100","first-page":"1541","article-title":"Effect of Complanatoside A on the apoptosis of articular chondrocytes","volume":"29","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. J. Tissue Eng. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib101","article-title":"A pilot study on anti-tumor effect of complanatoside A","volume":"43","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Evaluat. Res."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib102","first-page":"5953","article-title":"Complanatoside A and complanatoside B in rats administered with raw and salt-processed Astragali Complanati Semen: a pharmacokinetics study","volume":"46","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chin. Mater. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib103","first-page":"1508","article-title":"Effects of processing on contents of flavonoid constituents in Astragali Complanati Semen","volume":"35","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"China J. Tradit. Chin. Med. Pharm."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib104","first-page":"668","article-title":"Molecular identification of Astragalus complanatus and its adulterants by ITS sequences","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Modern Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib105","series-title":"Effect of Flavonoids from Astragalus complanatus on Anti-alcoholic Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats","first-page":"63","author":"Zhang","year":"2014"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib106","first-page":"323","article-title":"Experimental study on lipid-lowering effect of extracts from Semen Astragali Complanati","volume":"0","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Beijing Univ. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib107","first-page":"4348","article-title":"Herbal textual research of Astragali Complanati Semen","volume":"51","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib108","first-page":"4348","article-title":"Herbal textual research of Astragali Complanati Semen","volume":"51","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib109","first-page":"109","article-title":"Study on nutrient components of stem and leaf of Astragalus complanatus R. Brown","volume":"47","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Feed Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib110","first-page":"1221","article-title":"The antitumor effect of flavonoids from Semen Astragali Complanation S180 mice and its impact on their immune function","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib111","series-title":"Study on Antimutagenesis of Aqueous Extract of Semen astragali Complanati","first-page":"59","author":"Zhao","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib112","series-title":"Traditional Chinese Pharmacy","author":"Zhong","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib113","series-title":"The Processing of Chinese Materia Medica","author":"Zhong","year":"2021"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib114","first-page":"172","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of Sha Yuan Zi capsule in the Treatment of menopausal syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Misdiagn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib115","first-page":"3131","article-title":"Effect of total flavonoids from Astragali Complanati Semen on improving hepatic fibrosis in mice by regulating hepatic stellate cells iron metabolism","volume":"56","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib116","first-page":"655","article-title":"Effect of Semen Astragali Complanati on exercise training rats'sugar metabolism and contents of serum urea nitrogen and blood lactate","volume":"40","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. NW Univ."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-015-1127-0","article-title":"Effects and mechanism of flavonoids from Astragalus complanatus on breast cancer growth","volume":"388","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Schmied. Arch. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125016058?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125016058?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T02:59:19Z","timestamp":1776135559000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874125016058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":117,"alternative-id":["S0378874125016058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Astragali Complanati Semen (Astragalus complanatus R. Br. seeds): An updated review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120913","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"120913"}}