{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T21:53:47Z","timestamp":1793656427337,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005891","name":"National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZYYCXTD-D-202209"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZYYCXTD-D-202209"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005891","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016350","name":"Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022C001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022C001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016350","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24A20790"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24A20790"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T15:55:57Z","timestamp":1766159757000},"page":"121057","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Baicalin ameliorates ulcerative colitis by regulating macrophage polarization through the JAK1\/STAT1\/SOCS1 pathway"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"359","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4285-8996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Si-yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-qing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong-tong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui-juan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing-ju","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi-jian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-xiu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00065-0","article-title":"Breaking the therapeutic ceiling in drug development in ulcerative colitis","volume":"6","author":"Alsoud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3076","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11193076","article-title":"Baicalin modulates inflammatory response of macrophages activated by LPS via Calcium-CHOP pathway","volume":"11","author":"An","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.871713","article-title":"The role of intestinal mucosal barrier in autoimmune disease: a potential target","volume":"13","author":"An","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib4","article-title":"Sodium's role and therapeutic targeting in cancer","author":"An","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112404","article-title":"Tetrastigma hemsleyanum polysaccharide ameliorated ulcerative colitis by remodeling intestinal mucosal barrier function via regulating the SOCS1\/JAK2\/STAT3 pathway","volume":"137","author":"Bao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(80)90779-9","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of colonic intraepithelial and lamina proprial lymphocytes","volume":"78","author":"Bartnik","year":"1980","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a029314","article-title":"Cell biology of tight junction barrier regulation and mucosal disease","volume":"10","author":"Buckley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.108532","article-title":"Baicalin clears inflammation by enhancing macrophage efferocytosis via inhibition of RhoA\/ROCK signaling pathway and regulating macrophage polarization","volume":"105","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib9","article-title":"Progress in the research on the treatment of ulcerative colitis with scutellaria radix and its related classical Chinese herbal formula","volume":"R259","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. Arch. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2014.09.005","article-title":"The anti-inflammation effect of baicalin on experimental colitis through inhibiting TLR4\/NF-\u03baB pathway activation","volume":"23","author":"Cui","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.259","article-title":"Scutellaria baicalensis georgi polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota","volume":"166","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2019.03.001","article-title":"Targeting SOCS proteins to control JAK-STAT signalling in disease","volume":"40","author":"Durham","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-07276-2","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis: towards remission","volume":"563","author":"Eisenstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2023.115673","article-title":"Genistein and\/or sulfasalazine ameliorate acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via modulating INF-\u03b3\/JAK1\/STAT1\/IRF-1, TLR-4\/NF-\u03baB\/IL-6, and JAK2\/STAT3\/COX-2 crosstalk","volume":"214","author":"Elhefnawy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2014.07.002","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis: epidemiology, diagnosis, and management","volume":"89","author":"Feuerstein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f432","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis","volume":"346","author":"Ford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-020-0411-9","article-title":"Baicalin prevents LPS-induced activation of TLR4\/NF-\u03baB p65 pathway and inflammation in mice via inhibiting the expression of CD14","volume":"42","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.15389","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis in adults: a review","volume":"330","author":"Gros","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.05.038","article-title":"Intestinal barrier function: molecular regulation and disease pathogenesis","volume":"124","author":"Groschwitz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib20","unstructured":"Hashimoto, H., Takagi, T., Asaeda, K., Yasuda, T., Kajiwara, M., Sugaya, T., Mizushima, K., Inoue, K., Uchiyama, K., Kamada, K., Higashimura, Y., Inoue, R., Naito, Y., Itoh, Y., n.d. D-alanine Inhibits Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Suppressing IL-12 and IL-23 Production in Macrophages."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3088","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of macrophage polarization: enabling diversity with identity","volume":"11","author":"Lawrence","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00966-2","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis","volume":"402","author":"Le Berre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Lond. Engl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib23","article-title":"Huangqin decoction ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis: role of gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism, mTOR pathway and intestinal epithelial barrier","volume":"100","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine Int. J. Phytother. Phytopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07201","article-title":"Origin and physiological roles of inflammation","volume":"454","author":"Medzhitov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2448","article-title":"Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation","volume":"8","author":"Mosser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-022516-034339","article-title":"Macrophage polarization","volume":"79","author":"Murray","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3661","article-title":"Cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"14","author":"Neurath","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.10.007","article-title":"Macrophages in health and disease","volume":"185","author":"Park","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/718617","article-title":"Dextran sodium sulphate colitis mouse model: traps and tricks","volume":"2012","author":"Per\u0161e","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3608","article-title":"Intestinal epithelial cells: regulators of barrier function and immune homeostasis","volume":"14","author":"Peterson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000204","article-title":"Intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier function","volume":"20","author":"S\u00e1nchez de Medina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606910","article-title":"Tofacitinib as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis","volume":"376","author":"Sandborn","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.04.052","article-title":"Regulating effect of baicalin on IKK\/IKB\/NF-kB signaling pathway and apoptosis-related proteins in rats with ulcerative colitis","volume":"73","author":"Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3205","article-title":"Interferon-\u03b3 regulates cellular metabolism and mRNA translation to potentiate macrophage activation","volume":"16","author":"Su","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.23814","article-title":"What is ulcerative colitis?","volume":"331","author":"Voelker","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.105538","article-title":"Baicalin ameliorates 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice through modulating skin barrier function, gut microbiota and JAK\/STAT pathway","volume":"119","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118941","article-title":"Shaoyao decoction alleviates DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting IL-17a-mediated polarization of M1 macrophages","volume":"337","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-023-00819-4","article-title":"Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQD) inhibits ulcerative colitis by modulating ferroptosis-dependent pathway in mice and organoids","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495393","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1495393","article-title":"Hydroxysafflor yellow a: A natural pigment with potential anticancer therapeutic effect","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155868","article-title":"Linderae Radix extract attenuates ulcerative colitis by inhibiting the JAK\/STAT signaling pathway","volume":"132","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.315","article-title":"Isolation and subsequent analysis of murine lamina propria mononuclear cells from colonic tissue","volume":"2","author":"Weigmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.41","article-title":"Chemically induced mouse models of intestinal inflammation","volume":"2","author":"Wirtz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105796","article-title":"Dioscin ameliorates murine ulcerative colitis by regulating macrophage polarization","volume":"172","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1160719","article-title":"Advances in the role of STAT3 in macrophage polarization","volume":"14","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2020.1779318","article-title":"Baicalin regulates macrophages polarization and alleviates myocardial ischaemia\/reperfusion injury via inhibiting JAK\/STAT pathway","volume":"58","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3171","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S318327","article-title":"Role of goblet cells in intestinal barrier and mucosal immunity","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib47","article-title":"Deficiency in epithelium RAD50 aggravates UC via IL-6-Mediated JAK1\/2-STAT3 signaling and promotes development of colitis-associated cancer in mice","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Crohns Colitis jjae134."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib48","article-title":"Scutellaria baicalensis extracts restrict intestinal epithelial cell ferroptosis by regulating lipid peroxidation and GPX4\/ACSL4 in colitis","volume":"141","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine Int. J. Phytother. Phytopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5449","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-020-10527-w","article-title":"Protective effect of baicalin on the regulation of Treg\/Th17 balance, gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in rats with ulcerative colitis","volume":"104","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-014-0486-2","article-title":"Baicalin attenuates TNBS-induced colitis in rats by modulating the Th17\/Treg paradigm","volume":"38","author":"Zou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Pharm. Res. (Seoul)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125017507?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125017507?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T17:51:41Z","timestamp":1777571501000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874125017507"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0378874125017507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Baicalin ameliorates ulcerative colitis by regulating macrophage polarization through the JAK1\/STAT1\/SOCS1 pathway","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.121057","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"121057"}}