{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T09:07:13Z","timestamp":1776157633006,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009004","name":"Anhui University of Chinese Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023CXMMTCM014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023CXMMTCM014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009004","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002947","name":"Anhui Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202203a07020031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202203a07020031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002947","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003995","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KJ2021ZD0065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJ2021ZD0065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003995","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003995","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2408085MH229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2408085MH229"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003995","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017668","name":"Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Plan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017668","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51303006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51303006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:10:22Z","timestamp":1768435822000},"page":"121207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Analysis of the composition of Anshen Dingzhi Pill and its mechanism on improving cognitive impairment in sleep deprivation model rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"360","author":[{"given":"Xiaoqian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengjie","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanrui","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Can","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caiyun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2008.10.001","article-title":"Purinergic signalling in the nervous system: an overview","volume":"32","author":"Abbracchio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trend. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4418","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.2c00823","article-title":"New lanostane-type triterpenes with anti-inflammatory activity from the epidermis of Wolfiporia cocos","volume":"70","author":"Bao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib2","article-title":"Detecting key functional components group and speculating the potential mechanism of Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction in treating stroke","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5606","DOI":"10.1039\/D3FO01315D","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rd, a natural production for attenuating fibrogenesis and inflammation in hepatic fibrosis by regulating the ERR\u03b1-mediated P2X7r pathway","volume":"14","author":"Cui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114344","article-title":"Gut microbiota: a new target of traditional Chinese medicine for insomnia","volume":"160","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib5","first-page":"16","article-title":"Clinical observation on modified Anshen Dingzhi Pill combined with Suanzaoren Decoction in treating patients with insomnia","volume":"42","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heilongjiang J. Tradit. Chin. Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14061195","article-title":"Intranasal methylprednisolone ameliorates neuroinflammation induced by chronic toluene exposure","volume":"14","author":"Giraldo-Vel\u00e1squez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib7","series-title":"Clinical Study of Modified Anshen Dingzhi Decoction Combined with Trazodone Hydrochloride Tablets in the Treatment of Insomnia. Dissertation","author":"Huo","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.1033358","article-title":"AtELP4 a subunit of the Elongator complex in Arabidopsis, mediates cell proliferation and dorsoventral polarity during leaf morphogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Jun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib11","series-title":"Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine","first-page":"721","author":"Li","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1093\/bbb\/zbac114","article-title":"Pachymic acid alleviates experimental pancreatic fibrosis through repressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation","volume":"86","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S361748","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rb1 alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000348","article-title":"Sleep deprivation and memory: meta-analytic reviews of studies on sleep deprivation before and after learning","volume":"147","author":"Newbury","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib15","first-page":"1099","article-title":"Experience in treating 36 cases of intractable insomnia with Anshen Dingzhi Pill combined with Suanzaoren Decoction","volume":"16","author":"Ni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mod. J. Integr. Tradit. Chin. West. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.915161","article-title":"Kuoxin Decoction promotes lymphangiogenesis in zebrafish and in vitro based on network analysis","volume":"13","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"10277","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00359-7","article-title":"Anxiety disorders","volume":"397","author":"Penninx","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e19151","article-title":"Comprehensive survey of target prediction web servers for Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":"9","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-023-03707-y","article-title":"Classic Famous Prescription Kai-Xin-San ameliorates Alzheimer's disease via the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway","volume":"61","author":"Shan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118145","article-title":"Kai-Xin-San ameliorates Alzheimer's disease-related neuropathology and cognitive impairment in APP\/PS1 mice via the mitochondrial autophagy-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway","volume":"329","author":"Shan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1177\/09727531241275347","article-title":"Sleep and immune system crosstalk: implications for inflammatory homeostasis and disease pathogenesis","volume":"32","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.086","article-title":"Oxidative stress in autoimmune rheumatic diseases","volume":"125","author":"Smallwood","year":"2018","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chmed.2022.06.011","article-title":"Protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on MSCs against senescence induced by d-galactose","volume":"15","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chinese herbal medicines"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ITC33","DOI":"10.7326\/AITC202103160","article-title":"Insomnia","volume":"174","author":"Sutton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(86)90341-0","article-title":"Electrophysiological evaluation of three paradoxical sleep deprivation techniques in rats","volume":"36","author":"Van Luijtelaar","year":"1986","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib27","first-page":"155","article-title":"Clinical observation on modified Anshen Dingzhi Pill in treating 30 cases of intractable insomnia","volume":"58","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"China Mod. Doctor"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2022.869972","article-title":"Integrated serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology approach to explore the effective components and potential mechanisms of Menispermi Rhizoma against myocardial ischemia","volume":"10","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b19-00926","article-title":"Beta-asarone alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting inflammatory response and NLRP3 inflammasome mediated pyroptosis","volume":"43","author":"Xiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.816752","article-title":"Modafinil reduces neuronal pyroptosis and cognitive decline after sleep deprivation","volume":"16","author":"Xiong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib34","series-title":"Clinical Study on Insomnia Treatment Based on the Theory of heart-gallbladder Qi Deficiency","author":"Xu","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.04.012","article-title":"Systematically characterize the absorbed effective substances of Wutou decoction and their metabolic pathways in rat plasma using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS combined with a target network pharmacological analysis","volume":"141","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib36","article-title":"Sleep health and its related influencing factors in primary and middle school students in Fuzhou: a large multi-center cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib38","first-page":"19","article-title":"Effects of Anshen Dingzhi Pill and its disassembled prescriptions on learning and memory and cAMP-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway protein expression in sleep-deprived mice","volume":"35","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"West. J. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib39","first-page":"36","article-title":"Observation on the clinical efficacy of modified Anshen Dingzhi Pill combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in treating insomnia","volume":"42","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inner Mongolia J. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib40","article-title":"Historical evolution and textual verification of key information for the classical formula Anshen Dingzhi Pill. Chin","volume":"1\u201314","author":"Zhan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mod. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib41","first-page":"39","article-title":"Analysis of the effect of Anshen Dingzhi Pill combined with Huanglian Ejiao Decoction in treating perimenopausal insomnia","volume":"11","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Electron. J. Pract. Gynecol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.01.012","article-title":"The NLRP3 inflammasome modulates sleep and NREM sleep delta power induced by spontaneous wakefulness, sleep deprivation and lipopolysaccharide","volume":"62","author":"Zielinski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126000589?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126000589?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T08:15:20Z","timestamp":1776154520000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874126000589"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S0378874126000589"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Analysis of the composition of Anshen Dingzhi Pill and its mechanism on improving cognitive impairment in sleep deprivation model rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121207","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"121207"}}