{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T20:50:00Z","timestamp":1784235000227,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005891","name":"State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People&apos;s Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[2021]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2021]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005891","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002338","name":"Ministry of Education of the People&apos;s Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U 24A20787"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U 24A20787"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T07:14:59Z","timestamp":1768461299000},"page":"121218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["MAGED: Multimodal attentive graph learning with gene expression dynamics on knowledge graphs for TCM target prediction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"361","author":[{"given":"Fengming","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shichao","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranran","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingxing","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhishu","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib1","first-page":"2787","article-title":"Translating embeddings for modeling multi-relational data","volume":"26","author":"Bordes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-023-02014-7","article-title":"Extending support for mouse data in the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB)","volume":"20","author":"Castanza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-023-01960-3","article-title":"Building a knowledge graph to enable precision medicine","volume":"10","author":"Chandak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46089-y","article-title":"Drug target prediction through deep learning functional representation of gene signatures","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2023.02.005","article-title":"The traditional Chinese medicines treat chronic heart failure and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-0186-y","article-title":"Target identification of natural medicine with chemical proteomics approach: probe synthesis, target fishing and protein identification","volume":"5","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Targeted Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2025.104861","article-title":"A review on knowledge graphs for healthcare: resources, applications, and promises","volume":"169","author":"Cui","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inf."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.68804","article-title":"An update of label-free protein target identification methods for natural active products","volume":"12","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib9","series-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","first-page":"1811","article-title":"Convolutional 2d knowledge graph embeddings","author":"Dettmers","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbae414","article-title":"HTINet2: herb-target prediction via knowledge graph embedding and residual-like graph neural network","volume":"25","author":"Duan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Briefings Bioinf."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib11","first-page":"195","article-title":"The concept of traditional chinese medicine:history, theory and empirical research","volume":"52","author":"Fu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. J. Med. Hist."},{"issue":"D1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1404","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae1037","article-title":"Herb 2.0: an updated database integrating clinical and experimental evidence for traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"53","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2025.111264","article-title":"Discovery and validation of CREB1 as a transcription target of icaritin: implications for the treatment of depressive-like behavior","volume":"222","author":"Gu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib14","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","first-page":"11313","article-title":"Semi-supervised learning with graph learning-convolutional networks","author":"Jiang","year":"2019"},{"issue":"W1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W212","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz446","article-title":"ChEA3: transcription factor enrichment analysis by orthogonal omics integration","volume":"47","author":"Keenan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157197","article-title":"Baicalin ameliorates high-fat diet induced MAFLD by inhibiting ERK\/PPAR\u03b3\/CD36 pathway","volume":"147","author":"Lei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology"},{"issue":"Database issue","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D92","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1248","article-title":"starBase v2.0: decoding miRNA-ceRNA, miRNA-ncRNA and protein-RNA interaction networks from large-scale CLIP-Seq data","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-020-0496-1","article-title":"Baicalein attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in mice via suppressing oxidative stress and activating autophagy in cardiomyocytes","volume":"42","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2023.110752","article-title":"SympGAN: a systematic knowledge integration system for symptom\u2013gene associations network","volume":"276","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Knowl. Base Syst."},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib21","article-title":"Baicalein inhibits the polarization of microglia\/macrophages to the M1 phenotype by targeting STAT1 in EAE mice","volume":"113","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.07.014","article-title":"Anti-fibrotic effect of wogonin in renal tubular epithelial cells via Smad3-dependent mechanisms","volume":"789","author":"Meng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib23","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies","first-page":"327","article-title":"A novel embedding model for knowledge base completion based on convolutional neural network","volume":"2","author":"Nguyen","year":"2018"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib24","article-title":"Identifying compound-protein interactions with knowledge graph embedding of perturbation transcriptomics","volume":"4","author":"Ni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Genom."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-024-01408-3","article-title":"Sequential activation of ER\u03b1-AMPK\u03b1 signaling by the flavonoid baicalin down-regulates viral HNF-dependent HBV replication","volume":"46","author":"Niu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1314","article-title":"Network perturbation analysis of gene transcriptional profiles reveals protein targets and mechanism of action of drugs and influenza A viral infection","volume":"46","author":"Noh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-024-03734-x","article-title":"KORE-Map 1.0: korean medicine Omics Resource Extension Map on transcriptome data of tonifying herbal medicine","volume":"11","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6684","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.4c00957","article-title":"MGNDTI: a drug-target interaction prediction framework based on multimodal representation learning and the gating mechanism","volume":"64","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Chem. Inf. Model."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00475-w","article-title":"Evaluation of the immunomodulatory effects of anti-COVID-19 TCM formulae by multiple virus-related pathways","volume":"6","author":"Qiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Targeted Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-018-0103-9","article-title":"Pathway enrichment analysis and visualization of omics data using g:Profiler, GSEA, Cytoscape and EnrichmentMap","volume":"14","author":"Reimand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib31","series-title":"Sentence-Bert: Sentence Embeddings Using Siamese bert-network","article-title":"s","author":"Reimers","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-03876-3","article-title":"DeepMPF: deep learning framework for predicting drug-target interactions based on multi-modal representation with meta-path semantic analysis","volume":"21","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2025.2490253","article-title":"An update on knowledge graphs and their current and potential applications in drug discovery","volume":"20","author":"Serra","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expet Opin. Drug Discov."},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16844","DOI":"10.1039\/D4SC04107K","article-title":"AI empowering traditional Chinese medicine?","volume":"15","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib35","article-title":"Rotate: knowledge graph embedding by relational rotation in complex space","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv preprint arXiv: 1902.10197"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.8b00832","article-title":"Advances and challenges in computational target prediction","volume":"59","author":"Sydow","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chem. Inf. Model."},{"issue":"D1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D638","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac1000","article-title":"The STRING database in 2023: protein-protein association networks and functional enrichment analyses for any sequenced genome of interest","volume":"51","author":"Szklarczyk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib38","series-title":"International Conference on Machine Learning","first-page":"2071","article-title":"Complex embeddings for simple link prediction","author":"Trouillon","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2019.02.002","article-title":"Herb target prediction based on representation learning of Symptom related heterogeneous network","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib40","series-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","first-page":"1112","article-title":"Knowledge graph embedding by translating on hyperplanes","author":"Wang","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.05.056","article-title":"Elucidating compound mechanism of action by network perturbation analysis","volume":"162","author":"Woo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib42","article-title":"The evolution of Traditional Chinese Medicine as recombinant inventions","volume":"121","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"D1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1110","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1021","article-title":"SymMap: an integrative database of traditional Chinese medicine enhanced by symptom mapping","volume":"47","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"D1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1238","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab1011","article-title":"Hit 2.0: an enhanced platform for Herbal Ingredients' Targets","volume":"50","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib45","article-title":"Embedding entities and relations for learning and inference in knowledge bases","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"arXiv preprint arXiv: 1412.6575"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-018-0592-z","article-title":"Heterogeneous network propagation for herb target identification","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med. Inf. Decis. Making"},{"issue":"D1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D115","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1052","article-title":"RAID v2.0: an updated resource of RNA-associated interactions across organisms","volume":"45","author":"Yi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2017.11.009","article-title":"Baicalein inhibits cervical cancer progression via downregulating long noncoding RNA BDLNR and its downstream PI3K\/Akt pathway","volume":"94","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-024-00969-z","article-title":"Pharmacological activity and clinical application analysis of traditional Chinese medicine ginger from the perspective of one source and multiple substances","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154855","article-title":"Wogonin inhibits latent HIV-1 reactivation by downregulating histone crotonylation","volume":"116","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6915","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-62235-6","article-title":"Evidential deep learning-based drug-target interaction prediction","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2018.07.011","article-title":"Selective anti-tumor activity of wogonin targeting the Warburg effect through stablizing p53","volume":"135","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126000693?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126000693?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:25Z","timestamp":1778544025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874126000693"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0378874126000693"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"MAGED: Multimodal attentive graph learning with gene expression dynamics on knowledge graphs for TCM target prediction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121218","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"121218"}}