{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T09:22:05Z","timestamp":1783502525796,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032147","name":"Universiteit van Limpopo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032147","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:30:35Z","timestamp":1770337835000},"page":"121342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Phytochemical profiling, anti-virulence effects, and antibacterial mechanisms of Myrothamnus flabellifolius (Welw.) extracts"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"362","author":[{"given":"Mashilo Mash","family":"Matotoka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talita Jessica","family":"Mnisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Potsiso Letau","family":"Koma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matsilane Lethabo","family":"Mashilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Masoko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.47419\/bjbabs.v3i04.126","article-title":"Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of taxifolin against vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA)","volume":"3","author":"Abid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Baghdad J. Biochem. Appl. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2010.01435.x","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species induced by Streptococcus pyogenes invasion trigger apoptotic cell death in infected epithelial cells","volume":"12","author":"Aikawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib3","first-page":"420","article-title":"Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. (Myrothamnaceae) essential oil scavenges free radicals and inhibits carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes in vitro. Egypt","volume":"10","author":"Ajao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Basic Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132175","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of novel coumarins synthesized using different approaches","volume":"10","author":"Al-Amiery","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.36320\/ajb\/v12.i3.11796","article-title":"Pathogenesis of Streptococcus pyogenes and immune response","volume":"12","author":"Al-Bermani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Al-Kufa Univ. J. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.20627","article-title":"In vitro haemolysis: guidance for the pharmaceutical scientist","volume":"95","author":"Amin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12010007","article-title":"Antibacterial, resistance modulation, anti-biofilm Formation, and efflux pump inhibition properties of Loeseneriella africana (Willd.) N. Halle (Celastraceae) stem extract and its constituents","volume":"12","author":"Anokwah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24071240","article-title":"Metabolomic profiling of the desiccation-tolerant medicinal Shrub Myrothamnus flabellifolia indicates phenolic variability across its natural habitat: implications for tea and cosmetics production","volume":"24","author":"Bentley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2018.12.016","article-title":"Metabolomics as a complement to phylogenetics for assessing intraspecific boundaries in the desiccation-tolerant medicinal shrub Myrothamnus flabellifolia (Myrothamnaceae)","volume":"159","author":"Bentley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuaf052","article-title":"Host DNA damage and cellular fate in bacterial infections, with a focus on Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"49","author":"Berkova","year":"2025","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25061340","article-title":"Resistance of Gram-negative bacteria to current antibacterial agents and approaches to resolve it","volume":"25","author":"Breijyeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjtb.2016.10.004","article-title":"Phytochemical and antioxidant properties of different solvent extracts of Kirkia wilmsii tubers","volume":"6","author":"Chigayo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13026","article-title":"Evaluation of the nutritional composition of Myrothamnus flabellifolius (Welw.) herbal tea and its protective effect against oxidative hepatic cell injury","volume":"43","author":"Chukwuma","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Food Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14060725","article-title":"Functional and therapeutic roles of plant-derived antioxidants in type 2 diabetes mellitus: mechanisms, challenges, and considerations for special populations","volume":"14","author":"Clemente-Su\u00e1rez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9020058","article-title":"Triterpene derivatives as relevant scaffold for new antibiofilm drugs","volume":"9","author":"da Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6681352","article-title":"Pharmacological activity of eriodictyol: the major natural polyphenolic flavanone","volume":"2020","author":"Deng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib17","first-page":"28","article-title":"Apoptosis-inducing potential of Myrothamnus flabellifolius, an edible medicinal plant, on human myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells","volume":"7","author":"Dhillon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Res. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2015.08.037","article-title":"Disinfection efficacy and mechanism of slightly acidic electrolyzed water on Staphylococcus aureus in pure culture","volume":"60","author":"Ding","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.1.16","article-title":"Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"13","author":"Dinges","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2950","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.6.2950-2958.2002","article-title":"Microtiter plate assay for assessment of Listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation","volume":"68","author":"Djordjevic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib21","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus isolates from hospital clinics induce ROS-mediated DNA damage, apoptosis and gene expression alterations in male mice","volume":"23","author":"Elateek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gene Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(97)00123-2","article-title":"Which extractant should be used for the screening of antimicrobials components from plants?","volume":"60","author":"Eloff","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2016.08.013","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical characterization of Myrothamnus flabellifolia Welw","volume":"114","author":"Engelhardt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112576","article-title":"Ethnopharmacological importance and medical applications of Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. (Myrothamnaceae)-A review","volume":"252","author":"Erhabor","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2018.10.095","article-title":"Mechanisms of the Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis inactivation by ozone","volume":"100","author":"Ersoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"LWT--Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.4038\/cjs.v50i4.7948","article-title":"Synthesis of derivatives of beta-sitosterol and evaluation of their anti-bacterial activity","volume":"50","author":"Fernando","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ceylon J. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib27","series-title":"Therapeutic and Nutritional Uses of Plant Fats","first-page":"377","article-title":"Sterols: beneficial or detrimental for human health","author":"Ghorbani","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib28","article-title":"In-vitro assessment of the efficacy of herb-herb combinations against multidrug-resistant mastitis-causing bacteria: staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"9","author":"Gufe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cogent Food Agric."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2007.06.211","article-title":"The study on the interaction between phytosterols and phospholipids in model membranes","volume":"150","author":"Hac-Wydro","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lipids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib30","series-title":"Hunter's Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases","first-page":"429","article-title":"Group A Streptococcus","author":"Hand","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2510","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.6b00083","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus beta-toxin mutants are defective in biofilm ligase and sphingomyelinase activity, and causation of infective endocarditis and sepsis","volume":"55","author":"Herrera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02185-7","article-title":"Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"400","author":"Ikuta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2025.2565276","article-title":"Cutibacterium acnes growth and biofilm formation is inhibited by flavonoids","author":"Ivanov","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib35","article-title":"Group A Streptococcus infections: their mechanisms, epidemiology, and current scope of vaccines","volume":"14","author":"Iyer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib36","article-title":"Comprehensive review on pharmacological effects and mechanism of actions of taxifolin: a bioactive flavonoid","volume":"1","author":"Jain","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res. Mod. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1517772","article-title":"Addressing the global challenge of bacterial drug resistance: insights, strategies, and future directions","volume":"16","author":"Karnwal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01786-12","article-title":"Beta-hemolysin promotes skin colonization by Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"195","author":"Katayama","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib39","article-title":"Antibacterial activities of phytosterol extracted from kernels and fresh green hulls of Pistacia vera L","volume":"1","author":"Kouhnavard Delijan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Damghan Varieties. J. Microbiota."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1250027","article-title":"Potential of Cameroonian plants and derived products against microbial infections: a review","volume":"76","author":"Kuete","year":"2010","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2017-0160","article-title":"Progress in understanding the molecular oxygen paradox - function of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in cell signaling","volume":"398","author":"Kuksal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9695412","article-title":"Mitochondria-and oxidative stress-targeting substances in cognitive decline-related disorders: from molecular mechanisms to clinical evidence","volume":"2019","author":"Lejri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.12.042","article-title":"Eriodictyol attenuates cisplatin-induced kidney injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation","volume":"772","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27020523","article-title":"The bioavailability and biological activities of phytosterols as modulators of cholesterol metabolism","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.926758","article-title":"Virulence factors of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and antivirulence strategies to combat its drug resistance","volume":"12","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01654.x","article-title":"Polyphenols from Myrothamnus flabellifolia Welw. inhibit in vitro adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis and exert anti-inflammatory cytoprotective effects in KB cells","volume":"38","author":"L\u00f6hr","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2012.05.013","article-title":"Eriodictyol protects against H2O2-induced neuron-like PC12 cell death through activation of Nrf2\/ARE signaling pathway","volume":"61","author":"Lou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib48","article-title":"Antibacterial activity and proposed mode of action of extracts from selected Zimbabwean medicinal plants against Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"2024","author":"Machingauta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmacol. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7520","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26157520","article-title":"Antioxidants and reactive oxygen species: shaping human health and disease outcomes","volume":"26","author":"Manful","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/1243438","article-title":"Phytochemical content, antibacterial activity, and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects of traditional medicinal plants against respiratory tract bacterial pathogens","volume":"2023","author":"Matotoka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13060847","article-title":"Evaluation of the antioxidant, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, anti-motility, and anti-biofilm effects of Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. leaves and stem defatted subfractions","volume":"13","author":"Matotoka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib52","article-title":"Eriodictyol and diosmetin protective potential in skin infection: antimicrobial action, gene and molecular targets, and keratinocyte protection against bacteria-induced damage","volume":"358","author":"Mili\u0107evi\u0107","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.34701","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of Euphorbia hebecarpa alcoholic extracts against six human pathogenic bacteria in planktonic and biofilm forms","volume":"9","author":"Mohsenipour","year":"2016","journal-title":"Jundishapur J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-016-0702-8","article-title":"Investigation of immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of eriodictyol through its cellular anti-oxidant activity","volume":"21","author":"Mokdad-Bzeouich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.945023","article-title":"Identification of the antibacterial action mechanism of diterpenoids through transcriptome profiling","volume":"13","author":"Moon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcl269","article-title":"An overview of the biology of the desiccation-tolerant resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia","volume":"99","author":"Moore","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20040499","article-title":"The predominant polyphenol in the leaves of the resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolius, 3,4,5 tri-O-galloylquinic acid, protects membranes against desiccation and free radical-induced oxidation","volume":"385","author":"Moore","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib58","series-title":"How to Overcome the Antibiotic Crisis","article-title":"Anti-virulence strategies to target bacterial infections","author":"M\u00fchlen","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.3989\/gya.110809","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of flower, stem and leaf extracts of Ferula gummosa Boiss","volume":"61","author":"Nabavi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Grasas Aceites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1051\/fruits\/2013066","article-title":"Antioxidant and antihemolytic activity of lipid-soluble bioactive substances in avocado fruits","volume":"68","author":"Nabavi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fruits"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12607","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140612607","article-title":"Quorum sensing and phytochemicals","volume":"14","author":"Nazzaro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-012-1735-2","article-title":"Standard nutrient agar 1 as a substitute for blood supplemented M\u00fceller-Hinton agar for antibiograms in developing countries","volume":"32","author":"Niederstebruch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib63","first-page":"110","article-title":"Study of aqueous extract of three medicinal plants on cell membrane\u2013permeabilizing and their surface properties","volume":"9","author":"Noudeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12111124","article-title":"The structural changes in the membranes of Staphylococcus aureus caused by hydrolysable tannins witness their antibacterial activity","volume":"12","author":"Olchowik-Grabarek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Membranes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10060252","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus toxins and their molecular activity in infectious diseases","volume":"10","author":"Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12091920","article-title":"An overview of the recent advances in antimicrobial resistance","volume":"12","author":"Oliveira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6545","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27196545","article-title":"Quercetin: its antioxidant mechanism, antibacterial properties and potential application in prevention and control of toxipathy","volume":"27","author":"Qi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01056-1","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa: pathogenesis, virulence factors, antibiotic resistance, interaction with host, technology advances and emerging therapeutics","volume":"7","author":"Qin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Targeted Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00867","article-title":"Effect of quercetin rich onion extracts on bacterial quorum sensing","volume":"10","author":"Quecan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-008-8071-8","article-title":"Redox warfare between airway epithelial cells and Pseudomonas: dual oxidase versus pyocyanin","volume":"43","author":"Rada","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0367-326X(00)00317-8","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of luteoforol from Bridelia crenulata","volume":"72","author":"Ramesh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-011-9844-5","article-title":"Differential habitat use and niche partitioning by Pseudomonas species in human homes","volume":"62","author":"Remold","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2914","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032914","article-title":"Optimization of the haemolysis assay for the assessment of cytotoxicity","volume":"24","author":"S\u00e6b\u00f8","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10121470","article-title":"Efficacy of Thai plant extracts for antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities against pathogenic bacteria","volume":"10","author":"Saeloh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11131946","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: a growing serious threat for global public health","volume":"11","author":"Salam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.5530\/pj.2025.17.14","article-title":"In vitro antibacterial activity, in-silico molecular docking and pharmacokinetic profile of a phytosterol isolated from the leaves of Carissa bispinosa","volume":"17","author":"Shekwa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8051","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26168051","article-title":"Exploring the protective effects of taxifolin in cardiovascular health: a comprehensive review","volume":"26","author":"Sim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2020.104994","article-title":"Phytochemistry, antifungal and antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity of Byrsonima gardneriana (A. Juss) extract","volume":"123","author":"Souza-Melo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Oral Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00104-12","article-title":"Staphylococcal and streptococcal superantigen exotoxins","volume":"26","author":"Spaulding","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s10658-005-2192-x","article-title":"Luteoforol, a flavan 4-ol, is induced in pome fruits by prohexadione-calcium and shows phytoalexin-like properties against Erwinia amylovora and other plant pathogens","volume":"112","author":"Spinelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib81","series-title":"Streptococcus Pyogenes: Basic Biology to Clinical Manifestations","article-title":"Severe Streptococcus pyogenes infections","author":"Stevens","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.GPP3-0039-2018","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus secreted toxins and extracellular enzymes","volume":"7","author":"Tam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11030300","article-title":"Pathogenesis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm: a review","volume":"11","author":"Tuon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules13040822","article-title":"A structure-activity study of antibacterial diterpenoids","volume":"13","author":"Urz\u00faa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9345047","article-title":"Isolation and identification of flavanone derivative eriodictyol from the methanol extract of Afzelia africana bark and its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities","volume":"2023","author":"Vigbedor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/S0254-6299(16)30464-1","article-title":"The composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolius","volume":"68","author":"Viljoen","year":"2002","journal-title":"South Afr. J. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib87","article-title":"Eriodictyol as a potential candidate inhibitor of sortase A protects mice from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-Induced pneumonia","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1074","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1037","article-title":"DrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018","volume":"46","author":"Wishart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27030847","article-title":"The synergistic effect of triterpenoids and flavonoids\u2014New approaches for treating bacterial infections?","volume":"27","author":"Wro\u0144ska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib90","first-page":"231","article-title":"Chemical profiling by GC\/MS analysis of non-polar extracts of Eryngium glaziovianum (Apiaceae)","volume":"8","author":"Wuillda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharmaceut. Sci. Drug Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2023.102811","article-title":"Antibacterial mechanism of taxifolin and its application in milk preservation","volume":"53","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2646","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02646","article-title":"Structure-Dependent inhibition of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia by polyphenol and its impact on cell membrane","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126001935?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126001935?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T08:15:29Z","timestamp":1776154529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874126001935"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":91,"alternative-id":["S0378874126001935"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Phytochemical profiling, anti-virulence effects, and antibacterial mechanisms of Myrothamnus flabellifolius (Welw.) extracts","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121342","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"121342"}}