{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T09:07:52Z","timestamp":1776157672157,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82574747"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82574747"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82405066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82405066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:25:08Z","timestamp":1770683108000},"page":"121356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Gancao decoction ameliorated senecionine-induced Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome in mice by inhibiting NET formation and senecionine bioactivation in liver"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"362","author":[{"given":"Shuang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3451-5446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongming","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Si","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiamin","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenghai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4785-3663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Furong","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib1","article-title":"Safranal inhibits angiogenesis via targeting HIF-1 alpha\/VEGF machinery: in vitro and Ex vivo insights","volume":"11","author":"Abdalla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9566","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-93120-3","article-title":"Gallic and glycyrrhetinic acids prevent azithromycin-induced liver damage in rats by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Ali","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15164063","article-title":"Combining crocin and sorafenib improves their tumor-inhibiting effects in a rat model of diethylnitrosamine-induced cirrhotic-hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Awad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102795","article-title":"Unlocking the power of NOX2: a comprehensive review on its role in immune regulation","volume":"64","author":"Bode","year":"2023","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000003569","article-title":"Veno-occlusive disease in HSCT patients: Consensus-based recommendations for risk assessment, diagnosis, and management by the GITMO group","volume":"105","author":"Bonifazi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2017.03.007","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of glycyrrhetinic acid on CCl(4)-induced damage in precision-cut liver slices from Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. jian) through inhibition of the nf-kB pathway","volume":"64","author":"Cao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib7","first-page":"844","article-title":"Expert consensus on clinical application of glycyrrhizin preparation in the treatment of liver diseases","volume":"32","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Hepatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib8","first-page":"1627","article-title":"Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of pyrrolidine alkaloids - related sinusoidal obstruction syndrome ( 2017,Nanjing)","volume":"33","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-23204","article-title":"Toxic injury to hepatic sinusoids: sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (veno-occlusive disease)","volume":"22","author":"DeLeve","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semin. Liver Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3345","article-title":"Thrombosis as an intravascular effector of innate immunity","volume":"13","author":"Engelmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.07.040","article-title":"EASL clinical practice guidelines: vascular diseases of the liver","volume":"64","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032713-120145","article-title":"Chemokines and chemokine receptors: positioning cells for host defense and immunity","volume":"32","author":"Griffith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2019.101117","article-title":"(-)-Epicatechin attenuates hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome by inhibiting liver oxidative and inflammatory injury","volume":"22","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.06.014","article-title":"Liquiritigenin and liquiritin alleviated MCT-induced HSOS by activating Nrf2 antioxidative defense system","volume":"355","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1528978","article-title":"Modified citrus pectin ameliorates methotrexate-induced hepatic and pulmonary toxicity: role of Nrf2, galectin-3\/TLR-4\/NF-kappaB\/TNF-alpha and TGF-beta signaling pathways","volume":"16","author":"Ismail","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-025-02598-y","article-title":"Management of liver sinusoidal obstruction syndrome\/veno-occlusive disease in adults: a 2025 perspective from an international expert group","volume":"60","author":"Larue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/7022337","article-title":"The formation of NETs and their mechanism of promoting tumor metastasis","volume":"2023","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib18","article-title":"Glycyrrhizic acid in the treatment of liver diseases: literature review","volume":"2014","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(24)13677-X","article-title":"Characterization of rat liver microsomal metabolites of clivorine, an hepatotoxic otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloid","volume":"28","author":"Lin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.07.031","article-title":"Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome associated with consumption of Gynura segetum","volume":"54","author":"Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4560","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24843-w","article-title":"Super enhancer regulation of cytokine-induced chemokine production in alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15313","article-title":"PAD4 takes charge during neutrophil activation: impact of PAD4 mediated NET formation on immune-mediated disease","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemostasis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib23","first-page":"1512","article-title":"The material basis and toxic mechanism of herb-induced liver injury","volume":"40","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000590","article-title":"Single-cell immune profiling of mouse liver aging reveals Cxcl2+ macrophages recruit neutrophils to aggravate liver injury","volume":"79","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(83)90002-4","article-title":"Alkylation by dehydroretronecine, a cytotoxic metabolite of some pyrrolizidine alkaloids: an in vitro test","volume":"16","author":"Mattocks","year":"1983","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett. (Shannon)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18020248","article-title":"Withania somnifera ameliorates doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity and potentiates its therapeutic efficacy targeting SIRT1\/Nrf2, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis","volume":"18","author":"Mohmmed Hegab","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2015.52","article-title":"Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome\/veno-occlusive disease: current situation and perspectives-a position statement from the european society for blood and marrow transplantation (EBMT)","volume":"50","author":"Mohty","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.07.004","article-title":"Sorafenib attenuates monocrotaline-induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in rats through suppression of JNK and MMP-9","volume":"57","author":"Nakamura","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.12225","article-title":"The secretion of von Willebrand factor from endothelial cells; an increasingly complicated story","volume":"11","author":"Nightingale","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemostasis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2017.02.013","article-title":"Partial protection by 18beta glycrrhetinic acid against cisplatin induced oxidative intestinal damage in wistar rats: possible role of NFkB and caspases","volume":"69","author":"Rashid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.2217\/ijh-2017-0015","article-title":"Defibrotide for the treatment of hepatic veno-occlusive disease\/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome with multiorgan failure","volume":"6","author":"Richardson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2010.06436.x","article-title":"CXCL5 plasma levels decrease in patients with chronic liver disease","volume":"26","author":"Tacke","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-024-03244-z","article-title":"Cryoablation-induced neutrophil Ca(2+) elevation and NET formation exacerbate immune escape in colorectal cancer liver metastasis","volume":"43","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.119.312463","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps: villains and targets in arterial, venous, and cancer-associated thrombosis","volume":"39","author":"Thalin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2017-0078","article-title":"Targeting the PSGL-1 pathway for immune modulation","volume":"9","author":"Tinoco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib36","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effects of glycyrrhetinic acid on lithocholic acid-induced cholestatic liver injury through choleretic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib37","article-title":"Liquorice extract and 18beta-Glycyrrhetinic acid protect against experimental pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatotoxicity in rats through inhibiting cytochrome P450-Mediated metabolic activation","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-021-02013-6","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps: a new player in cancer metastasis and therapeutic target","volume":"40","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.610696","article-title":"Insights Into Immunothrombosis: the Interplay Among Neutrophil Extracellular Trap, von Willebrand Factor, and ADAMTS13","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib40","first-page":"823","article-title":"The effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza in a mouse model of hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome induced by Gynura segetum","volume":"111","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Esp. Enferm. Dig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.09.011","article-title":"Cytotoxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloid in human hepatic parenchymal and sinusoidal endothelial cells: firm evidence for the reactive metabolites mediated pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatotoxicity","volume":"243","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-024-03950-9","article-title":"Drug-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome: current advances and future perspectives","volume":"99","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib43","first-page":"24","article-title":"Research advances in hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib44","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps-mediated thrombosis drive pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"bioRxiv, 2025.2010.2021.683617"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10023","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.191367898","article-title":"Two by two: the pairings of P-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1","volume":"98","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.117909","article-title":"Gancao decoction attenuates hepatic necroptosis via activating caspase 8 in cholestatic liver injury","volume":"326","author":"Zou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126002072?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126002072?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T08:15:49Z","timestamp":1776154549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874126002072"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0378874126002072"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Gancao decoction ameliorated senecionine-induced Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome in mice by inhibiting NET formation and senecionine bioactivation in liver","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121356","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"121356"}}