{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T19:25:43Z","timestamp":1793993143143,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32172897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32172897"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T16:47:27Z","timestamp":1773074847000},"page":"121512","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Lianweng formula alleviates colonic inflammation through gut microbiota-mediated inactivation of the PTGS2\/AKR1C3\/ALOX5 pathway and subsequent suppression of arachidonic acid metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"364","author":[{"given":"Jianyu","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinuo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sijuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chongshan","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihui","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00658-y","article-title":"The metabolic nature of inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"19","author":"Adolph","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4038","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13194","article-title":"IL\u20101\u03b2 reduces tonic contraction of mesenteric lymphatic muscle cells, with the involvement of cycloxygenase\u20102 and prostaglandin E2","volume":"172","author":"Al\u2010Kofahi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2020.113987","article-title":"Identification of cysteinyl-leukotriene-receptor 1 antagonists as ligands for the bile acid receptor GPBAR1","volume":"177","author":"Biagioli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advnut.2024.100219","article-title":"Diet, food, and nutritional exposures and inflammatory bowel disease or progression of disease: an umbrella review","volume":"15","author":"Christensen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157144","article-title":"Maslinic acid alleviates ulcerative colitis by inhibiting the colitis-aggravating pathogen Clostridium perfringens and modulating gut microbiota","volume":"146","author":"Geng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17111943","article-title":"L-Theanine mitigates chronic alcoholic intestinal injury by regulating intestinal alcohol and linoleic-arachidonic acid metabolism in rats","volume":"17","author":"Gu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.01252-23","article-title":"Multi-omics analysis reveals the associations between altered gut microbiota, metabolites, and cytokines during pregnancy","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3606","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c09448","article-title":"Bergenin alleviates ulcerative colitis by decreasing gut commensal Bacteroides vulgatus-Mediated elevated branched-chain amino acids","volume":"72","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10574","DOI":"10.1039\/D2FO02128E","article-title":"Linarin ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in C57BL\/6J mice via the improvement of intestinal barrier, suppression of inflammatory responses and modulation of gut microbiota","volume":"13","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0233938","article-title":"Onion bulb extract can both reverse and prevent colitis in mice via inhibition of pro-inflammatory signaling molecules and neutrophil activity","volume":"15","author":"Khajah","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108593","article-title":"Converting indoprofen to moderate selective COX-2 inhibitors: design, synthesis and biological evaluation","volume":"162","author":"Lai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2023.01.008","article-title":"Theabrownin inhibits obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via serotonin-related signaling pathways and gut-liver axis","volume":"52","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"issue":"50","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27991","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c09582","article-title":"Flaxseed linusorb alleviates collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats via inhibiting the TLR4\/NF-\u03bab\/MAPK signal pathway and modulating Gut Microbiota","volume":"72","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib16","article-title":"The metabolite Indole-3-Acetic acid of Bacteroides ovatus improves atherosclerosis by restoring the polarisation balance of M1\/M2 macrophages and inhibiting inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh.)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13060661","article-title":"Lianweng granules alleviate intestinal barrier damage via the IL-6\/STAT3\/PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway with dampness-heat syndrome diarrhea","volume":"13","author":"Lv","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157153","article-title":"Lianweng formula restores intestinal barrier function in ulcerative colitis through the \u03b2-arrestin 1\/NF-\u03baB signaling axis","volume":"146","author":"Lv","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2021.126942","article-title":"Faecal microbiota transplantation alleviates early-life antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and mucosa injuries in a neonatal piglet model","volume":"255","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107696","article-title":"Lactobacillus salivarius alleviated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-Induced colitis in mice by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses through modulation of the intestinal flora","volume":"205","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155909","article-title":"Berberine alleviates ulcerative colitis by inhibiting inflammation through targeting IRGM1","volume":"133","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-018-1439-4","article-title":"Italian cohort of patients affected by inflammatory bowel disease is characterised by variation in glycerophospholipid, free fatty acids and amino acid levels","volume":"14","author":"Murgia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.07.033","article-title":"Use of a balanced dual cyclooxygenase-1\/2 and 5-lypoxygenase inhibitor in experimental colitis","volume":"789","author":"Pallio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.133725","article-title":"Guava polysaccharides attenuate high fat and STZ-Induced hyperglycemia by regulating gut microbiota and arachidonic acid metabolism","volume":"276","author":"Pan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116553","article-title":"Safflower polysaccharide ameliorates acute ulcerative colitis by regulating STAT3\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathways and repairing intestinal barrier function","volume":"174","author":"Qi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3559","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11223559","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects induced by Allium sativum L. extracts on an Ex vivo experimental model of ulcerative colitis","volume":"11","author":"Recinella","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.172977","article-title":"PGF2\u03b1 signaling drives fibrotic remodeling and fibroblast population dynamics in mice","volume":"8","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc-2023-0172","article-title":"Latest advancements in the study of the relationship between NSAIDs and three prostaglandin E2 synthases","volume":"15","author":"Ruan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Future Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157028","article-title":"Wendan decoction exerts therapeutic effects on insomnia by regulating gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism","volume":"145","author":"Tian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4378","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15204378","article-title":"Effect of Cordyceps militaris powder prophylactic supplementation on intestinal mucosal barrier impairment and microbiota-metabolites axis in DSS-injured mice","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.03.005","article-title":"Achieving healthy aging through gut microbiota-directed dietary intervention: focusing on microbial biomarkers and host mechanisms","volume":"68","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-021-02706-1","article-title":"COX-2\/PGE2 pathway inhibits the ferroptosis induced by cerebral ischemia reperfusion","volume":"59","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.122385","article-title":"Berberine regulates intestinal microbiome and metabolism homeostasis to treat ulcerative colitis","volume":"338","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1002\/kjm2.12806","article-title":"Magnolin alleviated DSS\u2010induced colitis by inhibiting ALOX5\u2010mediated ferroptosis","volume":"40","author":"Yao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2024.02.016","article-title":"The ERK-cPLA2-ACSL4 axis mediating M2 macrophages ferroptosis impedes mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis","volume":"214","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112872","article-title":"Mechanism of Huang-lian-Jie-du decoction and its effective fraction in alleviating acute ulcerative colitis in mice: regulating arachidonic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism","volume":"259","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2021.09.007","article-title":"Desulfovibrio desulfuricans aggravates atherosclerosis by enhancing intestinal permeability and endothelial TLR4\/NF-\u03baB pathway in Apoe mice","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Genes Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2024.111014","article-title":"Biochanin a ameliorates DSS-Induced ulcerative colitis by improving colonic barrier function and protects against the development of spontaneous colitis in the Muc2 deficient mice","volume":"395","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16111579","article-title":"Distinct gut microbiota and arachidonic acid metabolism in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant mice with a high-fat diet","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-025-01183-1","article-title":"Sanren decoction ameliorates ulcerative colitis by modulating gut microbiota and macrophage polarization to enhance intestinal barrier function","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202400785","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of vanillic acid in ulcerative colitis through microbiota and macrophage modulation","volume":"69","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156766","article-title":"KAJF alleviated colorectal cancer liver metastasis by reshaping the gut microbiota and inhibiting M2-like macrophage polarization","volume":"142","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126003636?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126003636?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T23:10:52Z","timestamp":1776121852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874126003636"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0378874126003636"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Lianweng formula alleviates colonic inflammation through gut microbiota-mediated inactivation of the PTGS2\/AKR1C3\/ALOX5 pathway and subsequent suppression of arachidonic acid metabolism","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121512","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"121512"}}