{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T20:51:53Z","timestamp":1785876713292,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017534","name":"Inner Mongolia Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["myxylxk2022026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["myxylxk2022026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017534","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017534","name":"Inner Mongolia Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YKD2022TD001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YKD2022TD001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017534","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82360828"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82360828"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T15:38:50Z","timestamp":1781969930000},"page":"122068","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Bioactive components of Mongolian medicinal Gentiana dahurica Fisch. flowers inhibit the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway and ameliorate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"371","author":[{"given":"Ning","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fushun","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihua","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxuan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letai","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.05.011","article-title":"Inflammatory mechanisms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"138","author":"Barnes","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116229","article-title":"Advances in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"307","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14060400","article-title":"Proinflammatory cytokines in chronic respiratory diseases and their management","volume":"14","author":"Chavda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"10342","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00470-6","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"399","author":"Christenson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00018908","article-title":"Multifaceted mechanisms in COPD: inflammation, immunity, and tissue repair and destruction","volume":"31","author":"Chung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2020.09.004","article-title":"Pulmonary drug absorption and systemic exposure in human: predictions using physiologically based biopharmaceutics modeling","volume":"156","author":"Eriksson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-080919-112707","article-title":"Advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"72","author":"Ferrera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6b05269","article-title":"In vivo selective capture and rapid identification of luteolin and its metabolites in rat livers by molecularly imprinted solid-phase microextraction","volume":"65","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S366126","article-title":"Pathological mechanism and targeted drugs of COPD","volume":"17","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Chronic Obstr. Pulm. Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2024.2375416","article-title":"Mortality of patients with COPD","volume":"18","author":"Halpin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Respir. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3957","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-022-02231-0","article-title":"Fluticasone furoate\/umeclidinium\/vilanterol (FF\/UMEC\/VI) triple therapy compared with other therapies for the treatment of COPD: a network meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Ismaila","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.121539","article-title":"The role of transforming growth factor-\u03b22 in cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation and injury","volume":"320","author":"Ko","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.820","article-title":"Luteolin suppresses inflammation and oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through inhibition of the NOX4-mediated NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immun. Inflamm. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8704146","article-title":"Isoorientin inhibits inflammation in macrophages and endotoxemia mice by regulating glycogen synthase kinase 3\u03b2","volume":"2020","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib15","article-title":"Integrated network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, LC-MS analysis and bioassays revealed the potential active ingredients and underlying mechanism of scutellariae radix for COVID-19","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155979","article-title":"Exploring the mechanisms of huangqin qingfei decoction on acute lung injury by LC-MS combined network pharmacology analysis","volume":"134","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1535555","article-title":"Luteolin: exploring its therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms in pulmonary diseases","volume":"16","author":"Lv","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70367","article-title":"Dehydrocostus lactone effectively alleviates inflammatory diseases by covalently and irreversibly targeting NLRP3","volume":"6","author":"Lv","year":"2025","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2025.116973","article-title":"Investigation of the material basis and mechanism of qingfei paidu granules in treating LPS-Induced acute pneumonia using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS, network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental verification","volume":"264","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24081510","article-title":"Dehydrocostus lactone suppresses LPS-Induced acute lung injury and macrophage activation through NF-\u03baB signaling pathway mediated by p38 MAPK and akt","volume":"24","author":"Nie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.820","article-title":"Distinction of the C-glycosylflavone isomer pairs orientin\/isoorientin and vitexin\/isovitexin using HPLC-MS exact mass measurement and in-source CID","volume":"16","author":"Pereira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phytochem. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1201658","article-title":"Mechanisms of airway epithelial injury and abnormal repair in asthma and COPD","volume":"14","author":"Raby","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2014.07.006","article-title":"Protective effect of veratric acid on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice","volume":"740","author":"Ran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11071217","article-title":"Protective effects of diets rich in polyphenols in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced oxidative damages and associated health implications","volume":"11","author":"Rudrapal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-020-03905-5","article-title":"Gallic acid ameliorates COPD-Associated exacerbation in mice","volume":"476","author":"Singla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327120950012","article-title":"Dexamethasone and losartan combination treatment protected cigarette smoke-induced COPD in rats","volume":"40","author":"Sokar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Exp. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2024.105648","article-title":"Differences in the anatomy and physiology of the human and rat respiratory tracts and impact on toxicological assessments","volume":"150","author":"Stucki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib28","first-page":"3425","article-title":"Theophylline and dexamethasone in combination reduce inflammation and prevent the decrease in HDAC2 expression seen in monocytes exposed to cigarette smoke extract","volume":"19","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-015-0233-3","article-title":"A flavanone from Baccharis retusa (asteraceae) prevents elastase-induced emphysema in mice by regulating NF-\u03baB, oxidative stress and metalloproteinases","volume":"16","author":"Taguchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib30","first-page":"1216","article-title":"Pulmonary absorption rate and bioavailability of drugs in vivo in rats: structure-absorption relationships and physicochemical profiling of inhaled drugs","volume":"92","author":"Tronde","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci. (Tokyo, Jpn.)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3538","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15473","article-title":"Biologics and airway remodeling in severe asthma","volume":"77","author":"Varricchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116452","article-title":"YuPingFengSan ameliorates LPS-Induced acute lung injury and gut barrier dysfunction in mice","volume":"312","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib33","article-title":"Inflammation mechanism and research progress of COPD","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00506-3","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never-smokers: risk factors, pathogenesis, and implications for prevention and treatment","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2016.08.008","article-title":"Bioassay-guided isolation of dehydrocostus lactone from saussurea lappa: a new targeted cytosolic thioredoxin reductase anticancer agent","volume":"607","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120089","article-title":"Investigation of the effect and mechanism of fei re Pu qing powder in treating acute lung injury (ALI) by modulating macrophage polarization via serum pharmacology and network pharmacology","volume":"351","author":"Ye","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00048.2006","article-title":"Pathobiology of cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"87","author":"Yoshida","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2020.103972","article-title":"Protocatechuic acid attenuates adipogenesis-induced inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by regulation of AMPK pathway","volume":"69","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Funct.Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2023.10.007","article-title":"Sodium butyrate (SB) ameliorated inflammation of COPD induced by cigarette smoke through activating GPR43 to inhibit NF-\u03baB\/MAPKs signaling pathways","volume":"163","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25010369","article-title":"Luteolin alleviates oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease induced by cigarette smoke via modulation of the TRPV1 and CYP2A13\/NRF2 signaling pathways","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126009220?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874126009220?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T20:33:34Z","timestamp":1785875614000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874126009220"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0378874126009220"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bioactive components of Mongolian medicinal Gentiana dahurica Fisch. flowers inhibit the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway and ameliorate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2026.122068","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"122068"}}