{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T18:26:14Z","timestamp":1793730374168,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Environmental Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T07:18:55Z","timestamp":1766647135000},"page":"371-380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Coupling of spectroscopy and nitrogen-oxygen isotopes unveils the mechanisms of dissolved organic matter and nitrate pollution in lakes within the agro-pastoral transition zone"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"Guodong","family":"Chai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9861-8487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiqing","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debin","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiying","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiamin","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongpin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huibin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02723327","article-title":"On the evaluation of structural equation models","volume":"16","author":"Bagozzi","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Acad. Mark. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.135899","article-title":"Identifying sources and distribution of organic pollutants in a Moroccan river: characterization of dissolved organic matter by absorption, excitation-emission fluorescence and chemometric analyses","volume":"480","author":"Ba-Haddou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13051032","article-title":"The decrease in lake numbers and areas in Central Asia investigated using a landsat-derived water dataset","volume":"13","author":"Che","year":"2021","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2024.106197","article-title":"Source identification of nitrate in groundwater of an agro-pastoral ecotone in a semi-arid zone, Northern China: Coupled evidences from Mixsiar Model and dom fluorescence","volume":"175","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Geochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2022JG006862","article-title":"Nitrogen cycling across a salinity gradient from the Pearl River estuary to offshore: insight from nitrate dual isotopes","volume":"127","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/books978-3-0365-4322-2","article-title":"Expansion of irrigation led to inland lake shrinking in semi-arid agro-pastoral region, China: a Case study of Chahannur Lake","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hydrol. Reg. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.4319\/lom.2008.6.572","article-title":"Characterizing dissolved organic matter fluorescence with parallel factor analysis: a tutorial","volume":"6","author":"Colin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2025.109615","article-title":"Identifying seasonal sources and processes controlling nitrate in a typical reservoir-type headwater watershed of Eastern China using stable isotopes","volume":"386","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131624","article-title":"Tracing dissolved organic matter in inflowing rivers of Nansi Lake as a storage reservoir: implications for water-quality control","volume":"286","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1007\/s40333-023-0054-z","article-title":"Investigating the causes of Lake Urmia shrinkage: climate change or anthropogenic factors?","volume":"15","author":"Ghafarokhi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Arid Land."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4279","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-13-4279-2016","article-title":"Chemodiversity of dissolved organic matter in the Amazon Basin","volume":"13","author":"Gonsior","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s10533-024-01147-x","article-title":"Assessing the spatiotemporal variability of dissolved organic matter fluorescence composition in the Lake George","volume":"167","author":"Goranov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ny Watershed. Biogeochemistry."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0020","first-page":"483","article-title":"Application of solid surface eem fluorescence spectroscopy for analyzing organic matter structural composition of Lake Sediment","volume":"40","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Spectrosc. Spectr. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0021","article-title":"Identifying sources and distribution of organic pollutants in a moroccan river: characterization of dissolved organic matter by absorption, excitation-emission fluorescence and chemometric analyses","volume":"480","author":"Hassan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2022.109088","article-title":"Fluorescence characteristics of dom and its influence on water quality of Rivers and Lakes in the Dianchi Lake Basin","volume":"142","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.11.027","article-title":"Fluorescence as a potential monitoring tool for recycled water systems: a review","volume":"43","author":"Henderson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0024","unstructured":"Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., Mullen, M., 2008. Evaluating model fit: a synthesis of the structural equation modelling literature. In: Brown, A. (Ed.), 7th European Conference on Research Methodology for Business and Management Studies. Eur. Conf. Res. Methodol. Bus. Manag. Stud., pp. 195\u2013200."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2024.09.039","article-title":"Spatio-temporal assessment of land use and land cover dynamics in Urmia Lake Basin of Iran: a Bi-directional approach using optical and radar data on the google earth engine platform","volume":"75","author":"Jahanbakhsh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Space Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2024.108872","article-title":"Improved determination of nitrate isotopes in irrigated agricultural areas and bayesian mixing model quantification of nitrate sources and fate","volume":"298","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Agric. Water Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116471","article-title":"Eutrophication and salinization elevate the dissolved organic matter content in arid Lakes","volume":"233","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2006.09.006","article-title":"Chemometric application in classification and assessment of monitoring locations of an Urban River System","volume":"582","author":"Kannel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.119470","article-title":"Innovative approach to reveal source contribution of dissolved organic matter in a complex river watershed using end-member mixing analysis based on spectroscopic proxies and multi-isotopes","volume":"230","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2025.107787","article-title":"Using excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor analysis to access the effect of temperature parameters on the humification of community kitchen waste compost","volume":"197","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.165891","article-title":"Distinct variations in fluorescent dom components along a trophic gradient in the Lower Fox River-Green Bay as characterized using one-sample parafac approach","volume":"902","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.160848","article-title":"Using fluorescence index (FI) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) to identify non-point source pollution: the difference in FI between soil extracts and wastewater reveals the principle","volume":"862","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0038","article-title":"Origin of water and hydrochemical components of lakes: example from the mu us desert, Northwest China","volume":"61","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.151531","article-title":"Insight into variations of dom fractions in different latitudinal rural black-odor waterbodies of Eastern China using fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with structure equation model","volume":"816","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.151670","article-title":"Long-term water quality assessments under changing land use in a large semi-arid catchment in South Africa","volume":"818","author":"Mararakanye","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.3390\/hydrology12040084","article-title":"Tracking nitrate sources in the lower Kagera River in the Lake Victoria Basin: insights from hydrochemistry, isotopes, and the mixsiar model","volume":"12","author":"Mathenge","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1080\/14634988.2015.1011030","article-title":"Phytoplankton composition and microcystin concentrations in open and closed Bays of Lake Victoria, Tanzania","volume":"18","author":"Mbonde","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2024.131423","article-title":"Distribution characterization of MPs and DOM in ice-covered season in a saline-alkaline Lake in Daihai with an innovative analysis using 2DCOS and structural equation modelling","volume":"638","author":"Pan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.123596","article-title":"Source apportionment based on EEM-PARAFAC combined with microbial tracing model and its implication in complex pollution area, Wujin District, China","volume":"346","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0050","article-title":"Geochemical evolution and mechanisms controlling groundwater chemistry in the transboundary Komadugu-Yobe Basin, Lake Chad region: an integrated approach of chemometric analysis and geochemical modeling","volume":"57","author":"Shuaibu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hydrol. Reg. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.115764","article-title":"Effects of climate change and anthropogenic activities on lake environmental dynamics: a case study in Lake Bosten Catchment, NW China","volume":"319","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwz103","article-title":"Changes in China\u2019s Lakes: climate and human impacts","volume":"7","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Natl. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosust.2025.101523","article-title":"The paradox of climate resilience and elusive peace in the Lake Chad Basin: a case for an adaptive governance approach","volume":"74","author":"Tiky","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2017.03.006","article-title":"Evaluation and estimation of surface water quality in an arid region based on eem-parafac and 3d fluorescence spectral index: a case study of the Ebinur Lake Watershed, China","volume":"155","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Catena"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.115925","article-title":"Using EEM-PARAFACto identify and trace the pollution sources of surface water with receptor models in Taihu Lake Basin, China","volume":"321","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2025.132973","article-title":"Seasonal nitrate input drives the spatiotemporal variability of regional surface water-groundwater interactions, nitrate sources and transformations","volume":"655","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2024.03.022","article-title":"Lakes shifted from a carbon dioxide source to a sink over past two decades in China","volume":"69","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.115331","article-title":"Eutrophic Lake Taihu as a significant CO2 source during 2000-2015","volume":"170","author":"Xiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123701","article-title":"Spatial variability of nutrient fluxes associated with lacustrine groundwater discharge in a typical Oxbow Lake, Central China","volume":"281","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2024JG008242","article-title":"Longitudinal and seasonal changes of organic matter sources through a semi-arid river-reservoir system","volume":"129","author":"Yoder","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0066","article-title":"Identifying dom sources of a closed lake basin in arid and semi-arid regions using bayesian model and grey influence analysis","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.3390\/w15091646","article-title":"A high accumulation of dissolved organic matter in the water resulting from terrestrial input into a large, Shallow Steppe Lake","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2019.122575","article-title":"Core microorganisms promote the transformation of DOM fractions with different molecular weights to improve the stability during composting","volume":"299","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Environmental Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1001074225008332?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1001074225008332?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T15:31:03Z","timestamp":1788276663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1001074225008332"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S1001074225008332"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057","relation":{},"ISSN":["1001-0742"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1001-0742","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Coupling of spectroscopy and nitrogen-oxygen isotopes unveils the mechanisms of dissolved organic matter and nitrate pollution in lakes within the agro-pastoral transition zone","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jes.2025.12.057","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}