{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:18:14Z","timestamp":1789690694698,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Equine Veterinary Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T12:10:10Z","timestamp":1598357410000},"page":"103232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Antimicrobial-Resistant Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis Isolated From Healthy Thoroughbred Racehorses in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8749-0270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eddy","family":"Sukmawinata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryoko","family":"Uemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Kanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanichi","family":"Kusano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Kambayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhiro","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryohei","family":"Toya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masuo","family":"Sueyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.2014.956092","article-title":"Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in enterococci","volume":"12","author":"Miller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v85i1.1583","article-title":"Prevalence of virulence genes in Enterococcus species isolated from companion animals and livestock","volume":"85","author":"Pillay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2016.07.001","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles of Enterococcus spp. isolated from horses in Korea","volume":"48","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2018.01.005","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistant Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, and other Enterococcus species isolated from foal feces in Japan","volume":"63","author":"Sukmawinata","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Equine Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.5604\/12321966.1203882","article-title":"Prevalence and distribution of VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococci) and VSE (vancomycin susceptible enterococci) strains in the breeding environment","volume":"23","author":"Skowron","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Agric Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3390\/w9020079","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance profiling and genotyping of vancomycin-resistant enterococci collected from an urban river basin in the provincial City of Miyazaki, Japan","volume":"9","author":"Nishiyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2018.01.001","article-title":"Clinical management of non-faecium non-faecalis vancomycin-resistant enterococci infection. Focus on Enterococcus gallinarum and Enterococcus casseliflavus\/flavescens","volume":"24","author":"Monticelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2009.01307.x","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance of enterococci isolated from mastitic bovine milk samples in Korea","volume":"57","author":"Nam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4156","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02346-09","article-title":"Characterization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolated from swine in three Michigan counties","volume":"48","author":"Donabedian","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2012.757576","article-title":"Comparison of antimicrobial resistance patterns in enterococci from intensive and free range chickens in Australia","volume":"42","author":"Obeng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Avian Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.5.1374-1378.2001","article-title":"Differences in antibiotic resistance patterns of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from farm and pet animals","volume":"45","author":"Butaye","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.13-0576","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of enterococcal species isolated from antibiotic-treated dogs and cats","volume":"76","author":"Kataoka","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.4.686","article-title":"Vancomycin-resistant enterococci","volume":"13","author":"Cetinkaya","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2009.04310.x","article-title":"Prevalence, species distribution and antimicrobial resistance of enterococci isolated from dogs and cats in the United States","volume":"107","author":"Jackson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638712455634","article-title":"Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, and distribution of enterococcal clonal complex 17 from animals and human beings in Korea","volume":"24","author":"Kwon","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib16","series-title":"Enterococci: from commensals to leading causes of drug resistant infection","article-title":"Enterococcal disease, epidemiology, and implications for treatment","author":"Agudelo Higuita","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103115","article-title":"Presence of antimicrobials in postrace samples in Japanese Thoroughbred racing","volume":"91","author":"Mizobe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Equine Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.14-0336","article-title":"Effects of pre-shipping marbofloxacin administration on fever and blood properties in healthy Thoroughbreds transported a long distance","volume":"77","author":"Endo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib19","first-page":"47","article-title":"Extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from healthy Thoroughbred racehorses in Japan","volume":"30","author":"Sukmawinata","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Equine Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib20","series-title":"Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib22","series-title":"Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically; approved standard\u2014tenth edition; CLSI document M07-A10","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10030369","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant ESBL\/AmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from healthy Thoroughbred racehorses in Japan","volume":"10","author":"Sukmawinata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib24","unstructured":"World Organisation for Animal Health. Oie List of Antimicrobials of Veterinary Importance. https:\/\/www.oie.int\/fileadmin\/Home\/eng\/Internationa_Standard_Setting\/docs\/pdf\/OIE_list_antimicrobials.pdf. [accessed 10.06.2020]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2013.04.002","article-title":"Genomic description of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli and enterococci Isolates from healthy Lusitano horses","volume":"33","author":"Moura","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Equine Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.467","article-title":"Prevalence of vancomycin resistance and multiple drug resistance in enterococci in equids in North India","volume":"3","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib27","first-page":"3256952","article-title":"Analysis of aminoglycoside modifying enzyme genes responsible for high-level aminoglycoside resistance among enterococcal isolates","volume":"2017","author":"Shete","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib28","first-page":"46","article-title":"Occurrence, antibiogram and vancomycin resistance of generic enterococci in horses in Nigeria","volume":"170","author":"Anyanwu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Med Vet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2019.04.005","article-title":"Enterococcus infections in foals","volume":"248","author":"Willis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-57479-9","article-title":"A\u00a0common practice of widespread antimicrobial use in horse production promotes multi-drug resistance","volume":"10","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Narv\u00e1ez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2004.tb13236.x","article-title":"Lawsonia intracellularis proliferative enteropathy in a weanling foal in Australia","volume":"82","author":"McClintock","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib32","series-title":"Equine infectious diseases","first-page":"373","article-title":"Miscellaneous bacterial infections","author":"Sellon","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib33","series-title":"Small animal critical care medicine","first-page":"537","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant infections","author":"Epstein","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.9.2112","article-title":"Characterization of antimicrobial resistance in enterococci of animal origin","volume":"39","author":"Thal","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12131","article-title":"Temporal trends in prevalence of bacteria isolated from foals with sepsis: 1979\u20132010","volume":"46","author":"Theelen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib37","first-page":"6","article-title":"Review on usage of vancomycin in livestock and humans: maintaining its efficacy, prevention of resistance and alternative therapy","volume":"4","author":"Wijesekara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12471","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from horses: epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance","volume":"47","author":"Maddox","year":"2015","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib40","first-page":"957","article-title":"Public health risk of antimicrobial resistance transfer from companion animals","volume":"72","author":"Pomba","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10031020","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus spp. isolated from environmental samples in an area of intensive poultry production","volume":"10","author":"Furtula","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2021.103391","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000}}],"container-title":["Journal of Equine Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737080620303233?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737080620303233?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:48:25Z","timestamp":1760032105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0737080620303233"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0737080620303233"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232","relation":{"erratum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2021.103391","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0737-0806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0737-0806","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antimicrobial-Resistant Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis Isolated From Healthy Thoroughbred Racehorses in Japan","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103232","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103232"}}