{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T04:54:01Z","timestamp":1788670441986,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Equine Veterinary Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T09:44:36Z","timestamp":1651398276000},"page":"104003","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Global Prevalence of RNA-Positive Horses for Hepacivirus (EqHV): Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Camila de Sousa","family":"Bezerra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e9cio Henrique","family":"Limeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denize","family":"Monteiro dos Anjos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise Batista","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davidianne de Andrade","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brunna Muniz Rodrigues","family":"Falc\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clebert Jos\u00e9","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina de Sousa Am\u00e9rico Batista","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1777-7348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9rgio Santos","family":"de Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2894","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000612","article-title":"Proposed update to the taxonomy of the genera Hepacivirus and Pegivirus within the Flaviviridae family","volume":"97","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0002","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Fact sheet: Hepatitis C. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-c (accessed on 18 of December 2021)."},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11608","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1101794108","article-title":"Characterization of a canine homolog of hepatitis C virus","volume":"108","author":"Kapoor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.07.015","article-title":"First detection and frequent occurrence of equine Hepacivirus in horses on the African continent","volume":"223","author":"Badenhorst","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01711","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01711-16","article-title":"Differential infection patterns and recent evolutionary origins of equine Hepaciviruses in donkeys","volume":"91","author":"Walter","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12930","article-title":"Presence of two different bovine hepacivirus clusters in Germany","volume":"65","author":"Schlottau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8194","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1303037110","article-title":"Bats are a major natural reservoir for hepaciviruses and pegiviruses","volume":"110","author":"Quan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003438","article-title":"Evidence for novel hepaciviruses in rodents","volume":"9","author":"Drexler","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8971","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00888-13","article-title":"A novel Hepacivirus with an unusually long and intrinsically disordered NS5A protein in a wild old world primate","volume":"87","author":"Lauck","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02036-15","article-title":"Divergent viruses discovered in arthropods and vertebrates revise the evolutionary history of the Flaviviridae and related viruses","volume":"90","author":"Shi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0011","unstructured":"International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Available online: https:\/\/talk.ictvonline.org\/taxonomy\/p\/taxonomy-history?taxnode_id=201903125 (accessed on 18 of December 2021)."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6171","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00250-12","article-title":"Serology enabled discovery of genetically diverse hepaciviruses in a new host","volume":"86","author":"Burbelo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2015.10.002","article-title":"Hepacivirus cross-species transmission and the origins of the hepatitis C virus","volume":"16","author":"Pybus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-100114-055104","article-title":"The strange, expanding world of animal Hepaciviruses","volume":"3","author":"Hartlage","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rev Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1812.120498","article-title":"Nonprimate hepaciviruses in domestic horses, United Kingdom","volume":"18","author":"Lyons","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27440","article-title":"Clinical course of infection and viral tissue tropism of hepatitis C virus-like nonprimate hepaciviruses in horses","volume":"61","author":"Pfaender","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.01.017","article-title":"Epidemiological investigation and analysis of the NS5B gene and protein variability of non-primate hepacivirus in several horse cohorts in Rio de Janeiro state","volume":"59","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brazil. Infect Genet Evol"},{"issue":"9467","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)61026-4","article-title":"Forest plots and the interpretation of subgroups","volume":"365","author":"Cuzick","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Del Re AC. A practical tutorial on conducting meta-analysis in R. Quant Meth Psych 2015; 11: 37-50. doi: 10.20982\/tqmp.11.1.p037.","DOI":"10.20982\/tqmp.11.1.p037"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1884","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12587","article-title":"Prevalence of Equine Hepacivirus infections in France and evidence for two viral subtypes circulating worldwide","volume":"64","author":"Pronost","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.07.004","article-title":"Identification and genetic characterization of equine hepaciviruses in Italy","volume":"207","author":"Elia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2012.140603","article-title":"Hepacivirus infection in domestic horses, Brazil, 2011-2013","volume":"20","author":"Gemaque","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0023","first-page":"206","article-title":"Identification of two phylogenetic lineages of equine hepacivirus and high prevalence in Brazil","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2021.104975","article-title":"Non-primate hepacivirus transmission and prevalence: Novel findings of virus circulation in horses and dogs in Morocco","volume":"93","author":"Abbadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.05.028","article-title":"Genetic and serological surveillance for non-primate hepacivirus in horses in Japan","volume":"179","author":"Matsuu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189208","article-title":"Identification and genetic characterization of hepacivirus and pegivirus in commercial equine serum products in China","volume":"12","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.01.030","article-title":"First identification and phylogenetic analysis of equine hepacivirus in Korea","volume":"49","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2020.197940","article-title":"Prevalence of equine hepacivirus infection in Mongolia","volume":"282","author":"Date","year":"2020","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.10.032","article-title":"Frequent presence of hepaci and pegiviruses in commercial equine serum pools","volume":"182","author":"Postel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1556\/avet.2014.011","article-title":"Non-primate hepacivirus infection with apparent hepatitis in a horse \u2014 short communication","volume":"62","author":"Reuter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Vet Hung"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0032","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, 2019. Available online: https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/ (accessed on 18 of December 2021)."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2540","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000561","article-title":"Vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus-like non-primate hepacivirus in horses","volume":"97","author":"Gather","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-020-01792-y","article-title":"First identifcation and genomic characterization of equine hepacivirus sub-type 3 strain in China","volume":"56","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.03.030","article-title":"Frequent occurrence of nonprimate hepacivirus infections in thoroughbred breeding horses - a cross-sectional study for the occurrence of infections and potential risk factors","volume":"203","author":"Reichert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1500265112","article-title":"Characterization of nonprimate hepacivirus and construction of a functional molecular clone","volume":"112","author":"Scheel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d4002","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d4002","article-title":"Recommendations for examining and interpreting funnel plot asymmetry in meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials","volume":"342","author":"Sterne","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3390\/v11111014","article-title":"No evidence of mosquito involvement in the transmission of Equine Hepacivirus (Flaviviridae) in an epidemiological survey of Austrian Horses","volume":"11","author":"Badenhorst","year":"2019","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0041","first-page":"3","article-title":"Animal models of hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"12","author":"Ploss","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.065094-0","article-title":"Viraemic frequencies and seroprevalence of non-primate hepacivirus and equine pegiviruses in horses and other mammalian species","volume":"95","author":"Lyons","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27689","article-title":"Experimental transmission of equine hepacivirus in horses as a model for hepatitis C virus","volume":"61","author":"Ramsay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12070861","article-title":"Hepatic enzyme profile in Horses","volume":"12","author":"Satu\u00e9","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gwaltney-Brant MS in Nutraceuticals in Hepatic Diseases. Academic Press; 2016. p. 8799. doi: 10.1016\/B978-0-12-802147-7.00007-3.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-802147-7.00007-3"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13352","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02280-14","article-title":"Hallmarks of Hepatitis C Virus in Equine Hepacivirus","volume":"88","author":"Tanaka","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Virol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Equine Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737080622001411?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737080622001411?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:52:22Z","timestamp":1760032342000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0737080622001411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S0737080622001411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0737-0806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0737-0806","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Global Prevalence of RNA-Positive Horses for Hepacivirus (EqHV): Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104003"}}