{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T22:30:36Z","timestamp":1778279436026,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Equine Veterinary Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T16:22:37Z","timestamp":1676391757000},"page":"104250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of Nasal Oxygen Administration at Various Flow Rates and Concentrations in Conscious, Standing Adult Horses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5371-0944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"Gordon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Clark-Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Keating","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6040-052X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J.","family":"Schaeffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kara M.","family":"Lascola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13541","article-title":"Risks factors associated with hypoxemia in horses undergoing general anesthesia: a retrospective study","volume":"54","author":"Hovda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1987.190.08.989","article-title":"Arterial blood gas tensions in the horse during recovery from anesthesia","volume":"190","author":"Mason","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1978.tb02260.x","article-title":"Pulmonary artery pressures in normal horses and in horses affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"10","author":"Dixon","year":"1978","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0004","first-page":"40","article-title":"Post-operative care of the equine abdominal crisis","volume":"4","author":"Garner","year":"1977","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1993.202.01.91","article-title":"Treatment of smoke inhalation in five horses","volume":"202","author":"Kemper","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1984.tb01937.x","article-title":"Response to oxygen administration in foals: effect of age, duration and method of administration on arterial blood gas values","volume":"16","author":"Stewart","year":"1984","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2005.04.002","article-title":"Ventilatory support of the critally ill foal","volume":"21","author":"Palmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.2746\/042516406776866345","article-title":"Response to nasopharyngeal oxygen administration in horses with lung disease","volume":"38","author":"Wilson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.21.09.0151","article-title":"Intratracheal oxygen administration increases FIO2 and PaO2 compared with intranasal administration in healthy, standing horses","volume":"83","author":"Floriano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2020.01.004","article-title":"Accuracy of oxygen delivery through bubble humidifiers and nasal catheters","volume":"47","author":"Murphy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0011","first-page":"210","article-title":"Diffuse alveolar damage \u2013 the role of oxygen, shock, and related factors","volume":"85","author":"Anna-Luise","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0012","series-title":"Textbook of respiratory Disease in Dogs and Cats","first-page":"205","article-title":"Oxygen supplementation and humidification","author":"Tseng","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0013","first-page":"123","article-title":"Structural and biochemical changes in rat lungs occurring during exposures to lethal and adaptive doses of oxygen","volume":"122","author":"Crapo","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0014","first-page":"548","article-title":"Patterns of accumulation of platelets and neutrophils in rat lungs during exposure to 100% and 85% oxygen","volume":"132","author":"Barry","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0015","first-page":"293","article-title":"Nasal oxygen administration in dogs and cats: experimental and clinical investigations","volume":"22","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0016","first-page":"939","article-title":"Oxygen derived free radicals: pathophysiology and implications","volume":"10","author":"Hitt","year":"1988","journal-title":"Compendium"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10986","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)68544-3","article-title":"Hyperoxia increases oxygen radical production in rat lungs and lung mitochondria","volume":"256","author":"Freeman","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0096-5588(20)32009-2","article-title":"Observations on effects of prolonged administration of high oxygen concentration to dogs","volume":"11","author":"Paine","year":"1941","journal-title":"J Thoracic Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(02)00043-8","article-title":"Oxygen therapy and toxicity","volume":"32","author":"Manning","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Clin Small Animal 2002"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1435-6935.2002.t01-1-00049.x","article-title":"Comparison of unilateral versus bilateral nasal catheters for oxygen administration in dogs","volume":"12","author":"Dunphy","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.74.2.183","article-title":"Effects of inspired oxygen concentration on ventilation, ventilator rhythm, and gas exchange in isoflurane-anesthetized horses","volume":"74","author":"Crumley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.71.9.1081","article-title":"Physiologic effects of nasopharyngeal administration of supplemental oxygen at various flow rates in healthy neonatal foals","volume":"71","author":"Wong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12290","article-title":"Low-flow oxygen: how much is your patient really getting","volume":"19","author":"McDonald","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0024","first-page":"604","article-title":"Delivered oxygen concentrations using low-flow and high-flow nasal cannulas","volume":"50","author":"Wettstein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0025","first-page":"539","article-title":"Measurement of oxygen concentration delivered via nasal cannulae by tracheal sampling","volume":"19","author":"Nugent","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1993.54.05.766","article-title":"Use of flow volume loops to evaluate upper airway obstruction in exercising Standardbreds","volume":"54","author":"Lumbsden","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Vet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-011-2354-6","article-title":"Beneficial effects of humidified high flow nasal oxygen in critical care patients: a prospective pilot study","volume":"37","author":"Sztrymf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12495","article-title":"Retrospective evaluation of the effect of high flow oxygen therapy delivered by nasal cannula on PaO2 in dogs with moderate-to-severe hypoxemia","volume":"26","author":"Keir","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.78.5.624","article-title":"Evaluation of oxygen administration with a high-flow nasal cannula to clinically normal dogs","volume":"78","author":"Daly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12817","article-title":"Comparison of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen administration to traditional nasal cannula oxygen therapy in healthy dogs","volume":"29","author":"Jagodich","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.12970","article-title":"High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in 22 dogs requiring oxygen support","volume":"30","author":"Jagodich","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vet Emerg Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0032","first-page":"241","article-title":"Conventional versus high-flow oxygen therapy in dogs with lower airway injury","volume":"85","author":"Ramesh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13515","article-title":"Nasal high flow oxygen therapy in hospitalised neonatal foals","volume":"54","author":"Floyd","year":"2022","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1994.55.07.885","article-title":"Tidal breathing flow-volume loops in horses with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves)","volume":"55","author":"Petsche","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Vet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rppneu.2013.03.005","article-title":"Clinical evidence on high flow oxygen therapy and active humidification in adults","volume":"19","author":"Gotera","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Port Pneumol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.01941","article-title":"High flow oxygen administration by nasal cannula for adult and perinatal patients","volume":"58","author":"Ward","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respir Care"}],"container-title":["Journal of Equine Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737080623000412?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737080623000412?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:54:13Z","timestamp":1760032453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0737080623000412"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S0737080623000412"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250","relation":{},"ISSN":["0737-0806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0737-0806","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of Nasal Oxygen Administration at Various Flow Rates and Concentrations in Conscious, Standing Adult Horses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104250","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104250"}}