{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:02:31Z","timestamp":1787158951239,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":66,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Equine Veterinary Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T02:45:01Z","timestamp":1680230701000},"page":"104296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Omeprazole Formulations in the Treatment of Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome in Racehorses: A Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Busechian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Beatrice","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micaela","family":"Sgorbini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Conte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Chiara","family":"Marchesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camillo","family":"Pieramati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Zappulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Rueca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.00129.x","article-title":"Prevalence of gastric ulcer syndrome in high-level endurance horses","volume":"43","author":"Tamzali","year":"2011","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3920\/CEP12009","article-title":"Prevalence of gastric ulcers and relationship to other parameters in Standardbred racehorses","volume":"8","author":"Cate","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comp Exerc Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.13578","article-title":"European College of Equine internal medicine consensus statement\u2014equine gastric ulcer syndrome in adult horses","volume":"29","author":"Sykes","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.12968\/ukve.2018.2.S1.3","article-title":"Recommendations for the management of equine glandular gastric disease","volume":"2","author":"Rendle","year":"2018","journal-title":"UK-Vet Equine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15350","article-title":"Management factors and clinical implications of glandular and squamous gastric disease in horses","volume":"33","author":"Sykes","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2021.105285","article-title":"Evaluation of a questionnaire to detect the risk of developing ESGD or EGGD in horses","volume":"188","author":"Busechian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2002.63.1481","article-title":"Effects of exercise on gastric volume and pH in the proximal portion of the stomach of horses","volume":"63","author":"Lorenzo-Figueras","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12169","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of intravenous, plain oral and enteric-coated oral omeprazole in the horse","volume":"38","author":"Sykes","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12240","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence testing of five commercial formulations of omeprazole in the horse","volume":"39","author":"Sykes","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12688","article-title":"Preliminary investigations into a novel, long-acting, injectable, intramuscular formulation of omeprazole in the horse","volume":"49","author":"Sykes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12371","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of a new formulation of omeprazole in the horse","volume":"40","author":"Di Salvo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.220","article-title":"A study investigating the treatment of equine squamous gastric disease with long-acting injectable or oral omeprazole","volume":"6","author":"Gough","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12341","article-title":"Efficacy of omeprazole powder paste or enteric-coated formulation in healing of gastric ulcers in horses","volume":"28","author":"Birkmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1983.tb01826.x","article-title":"Relationship between condition score, physical measurements and body fat percentage in mares","volume":"15","author":"Henneke","year":"1983","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12236","article-title":"Rethinking equine gastric ulcer syndrome: Part 1 \u2013 terminology, clinical signs and diagnosis","volume":"26","author":"Sykes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Equine Vet Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0016","first-page":"147","article-title":"Gastroscopy and duodenoscopy","author":"Bain","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.7653","article-title":"Logistic regression relating patient characteristics to outcomes JAMA guide to statistics and methods","volume":"2","author":"Tolles","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(85)90064-1","article-title":"The mechanism for inhibition of gastric (H+\u00a0+\u00a0K+)-ATPase by omeprazole","volume":"817","author":"Lorentzon","year":"1985","journal-title":"BBA - Biomembr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.2746\/042516403775696339","article-title":"Effect of GastroGard and three compounded oral omeprazole preparations on 24 h intragastric pH in gastrically cannulated mature horses","volume":"35","author":"Merritt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15971","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of 2 registered omeprazole preparations and varying dose rates in horses","volume":"35","author":"Wise","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12191","article-title":"A comparison of two doses of omeprazole in the treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome: a blinded, randomised, clinical trial","volume":"46","author":"Sykes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12287","article-title":"A comparison of three doses of omeprazole in the treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome: a blinded, randomised, dose-response clinical trial","volume":"47","author":"Sykes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2017.1359125","article-title":"A pilot study comparing the effect of orally administered esomeprazole and omeprazole on gastric fluid pH in horses","volume":"65","author":"Huxford","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Z Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12630","article-title":"The effects of dose and diet on the pharmacodynamics of omeprazole in the horse","volume":"49","author":"Sykes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102622","article-title":"Comparison of the effect of two doses of omeprazole on the squamous gastric mucosa in thoroughbred racehorses","volume":"175","author":"Sykes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12083","article-title":"A comparison between pre- and post exercise administration of omeprazole in the treatment of equine gastric ulcer syndrome: A blinded, randomised, clinical trial","volume":"46","author":"Sykes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2002.63.744","article-title":"Effect of hydrochloric acid, pepsin, or taurocholate on bioelectric properties of gastric squamous mucosa in horses","volume":"63","author":"Widenhouse","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2003.64.413","article-title":"Effects of hydrochloric, valeric and other volatile fatty acids on pathogenesis of ulcers in the nonglandular portion of the stomach of horses","volume":"64","author":"Nadeau","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2003.64.404","article-title":"Effects of hydrochloric, acetic, butyric, and propionic acids on pathogenesis of ulcers in the nonglandular portion of the stomach of horses","volume":"64","author":"Nadeau","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.67.11.1873","article-title":"In vitro effects of hydrochloric acid and various concentrations of acetic, propionic, butyric, or valeric acids on bioelectric properties of equine gastric squamous mucosa","volume":"67","author":"Andrews","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1159\/000200917","article-title":"Appropriate acid suppression for the management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease","volume":"51","author":"Bell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"issue":"283-284","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0032","article-title":"Equine gastric ulcer syndrome in adult horses","author":"van den Boom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296_bib0033","series-title":"Equine Internal Medicine","first-page":"709","article-title":"Disorders of the gastrointestinal system","author":"Sanchez","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["Journal of Equine Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737080623000862?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737080623000862?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:55:32Z","timestamp":1760032532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0737080623000862"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0737080623000862"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296","relation":{},"ISSN":["0737-0806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0737-0806","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Omeprazole Formulations in the Treatment of Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome in Racehorses: A Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104296","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104296"}}