{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T17:50:05Z","timestamp":1780941005875,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Equine Veterinary Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T11:59:42Z","timestamp":1690977582000},"page":"104896","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Gestation Length is Associated With Early-Life Limb Deformities in Thoroughbred Foals"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"129","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9850-7878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Mouncey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Arango-Sabogal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda M.","family":"de Mestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5077-224X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristien","family":"Verheyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.13056","article-title":"Prevalence and performance effects of neonatal disease in Thoroughbred and Standardbred foals in South-Eastern Australia","volume":"99","author":"Raidal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0002","article-title":"Incidence of disease, injury and death in Thoroughbred foals and yearlings on stud farms in the UK and Ireland","volume":"e2994","author":"Mouncey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0003","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of post-mortem findings in Thoroughbreds aged from birth to 18 months presented to a UK pathology laboratory","volume":"e105813","author":"Mouncey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-0481-63-1-37","article-title":"Causes of disease and death from birth to 12 months of age in the Thoroughbred horse in Ireland","volume":"63","author":"Galvin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ir Vet J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1136\/inp.j172","article-title":"Flexural deformities part 1: congenital","volume":"39","author":"Kidd","year":"2017","journal-title":"In Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2017.03.004","article-title":"Flexural limb deformities of the carpus and fetlock in foals","volume":"33","author":"Gaughan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.2746\/095777309X440096","article-title":"A review of angular limb deformities","volume":"21","author":"Witte","year":"2009","journal-title":"Equine Vet Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1992.tb02841.x","article-title":"The incidence of abnormal limb development in the Irish thoroughbred from birth to 18 months","volume":"24","author":"O'Donohue","year":"1992","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0009","unstructured":"Price Waterhouse Cooper. Economic impact study of Britain's thoroughbred breeding in 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.thetba.co.uk\/asset\/A8F0D1D1-C908-4767-9BF3ED846785D9DC\/Accessed April 2023."},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2011.00479.x","article-title":"The impact of birthweight on mare health and reproductive efficiency, and foal health and subsequent racing performance","volume":"44","author":"Whittaker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2008.09.041","article-title":"Factors affecting foal birth weight in Thoroughbred horses","volume":"71","author":"Elliott","year":"2009","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.12.014","article-title":"Maternal age and parity influence ultrasonographic measurements of fetal growth in Dutch Warmblood mares","volume":"115","author":"Hendriks","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2014.11.007","article-title":"Effects of age, parity, and pregnancy abnormalities on foal birth weight and uterine blood flow in the mare","volume":"83","author":"Klewitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1071\/RD14390","article-title":"Not just a number: effect of age on fertility, pregnancy and offspring vigour in thoroughbred brood-mares","volume":"27","author":"Scoggin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil Devel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2017.03.226","article-title":"Influence of maternal age and parity on placental structure and foal characteristics from birth up to 2 years of age","volume":"56","author":"Meirelles","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Equine Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2017.12.019","article-title":"Maternal parity affects placental development, growth and metabolism of foals until 1 year and a half","volume":"108","author":"Robles","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0017","unstructured":"Weatherbys Bloodstock Publications. Return of mares 2018-2020. Supplement to volumes 45-47 of the general stud book. Bloodstock Publications\u2014Weatherbys Shop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0018","unstructured":"Racing Post. Bloodstock. Wellingborough, UK. Available at: https:\/\/ww.racingpost.com\/bloodstock Accessed July 2019."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2002.tb01789.x","article-title":"Complications of late gestation in the mare","volume":"14","author":"Frazer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Equine Vet Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2008.10.007","article-title":"Common peripartum problems in the mare","volume":"28","author":"LeBlanc","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Equine Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2008.11.009","article-title":"Pregnancy-associated laminitis in mares","volume":"29","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Equine Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0022","first-page":"350","article-title":"Mare problems in the last month of pregnancy","volume":"58","author":"Tilbary","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Am Assoc Equine Practitioners"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0023","series-title":"The Veterinary Formulary","author":"Bishop","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0024","series-title":"Veterinary Epidemiologic Research","first-page":"535","article-title":"Introduction to clustered data","author":"Dohoo","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0025","unstructured":"StataCorp., Margins\u2014Marginal means, predictive margins, and marginal effects. StataCorp, LLC College Stations TX: https:\/\/www.stata.com\/manuals\/rmargins.pdf. p. 1-58."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2022.104104","article-title":"Descriptive study of medication usage and occurrence of disease and injury during gestation in Thoroughbred broodmares","volume":"118","author":"Mouncey","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Equine Vet Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12653","article-title":"Equine gestational length and location: is there more that the research could be telling us?","volume":"95","author":"Clothier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0028","first-page":"631","article-title":"A clinician's view of prematurity and dysmaturity in thoroughbred foals","volume":"69","author":"Rossdale","year":"1976","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2003.tb00220.x","article-title":"Incomplete ossification of carpal and tarsal bones in foals","volume":"15","author":"McIlwraith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Equine Vet Educ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1988.tb01503.x","article-title":"A skeletal ossification index for neonatal foals","volume":"29","author":"Adams","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vet Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12712","article-title":"Gestation length and racing performance in 115 Thoroughbred foals with incomplete tarsal ossification","volume":"50","author":"Haywood","year":"2018","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1998.212.11.1743","article-title":"Association of sex of fetus, sire, month of conception, or year of foaling with duration of gestation in Standardbred mares","volume":"212","author":"Marteniuk","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-6226(03)00027-7","article-title":"Gestation length in Carthusian Spanishbred mares","volume":"82","author":"P\u00e9rez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Livest Prod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2018.02.001","article-title":"Determinants of gestation length in Thoroughbred mares on German stud farms","volume":"191","author":"Ewert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0035","series-title":"The Physiology of Reproduction","first-page":"541","article-title":"Seasonal regulation of reproduction in mammals","author":"Bronson","year":"1994"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3261","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2015-9057","article-title":"Horse species symposium: nutritional programming and the impact on mare and foal performance","volume":"93","author":"Coverdale","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.12968\/eqhe.2017.35.14","article-title":"The nutritional contribution of grass to the equine diet","author":"Mitchell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Equine Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12645","article-title":"The effect of mare obesity and endocrine function on foal birthweight in Thoroughbreds","volume":"49","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/vro2.43","article-title":"Date of birth and purchase price as foals or yearlings are associated with Thoroughbred flat race performance in the United Kingdom and Ireland","volume":"9","author":"Arango-Sabogal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet Rec Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13206","article-title":"Physiological development of the equine fetus during late gestation","volume":"52","author":"Fowden","year":"2020","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0041","first-page":"490","article-title":"Comprehensive review on equine placentitis","volume":"61","author":"Canisso","year":"2015","journal-title":"AAEP Proceedings"},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2011.00507.x","article-title":"A racing start in life? The hurdles of equine feto-placental pathology","volume":"44","author":"Foote","year":"2012","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0043","unstructured":"National Office of Animal Health. Compendium of data sheets for animal medicines 2020. Available from: https:\/\/www.noahcompendium.co.uk\/?id=-449662 Accessed August 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1177\/026119291304100307","article-title":"Is Phenylbutazone a genotoxic carcinogen? A weight-of-evidence assessment","volume":"41","author":"Combes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Altern Lab Anim"}],"container-title":["Journal of Equine Veterinary Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737080623007128?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737080623007128?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:54:44Z","timestamp":1760032484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0737080623007128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0737080623007128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896","relation":{},"ISSN":["0737-0806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0737-0806","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Gestation Length is Associated With Early-Life Limb Deformities in Thoroughbred Foals","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Equine Veterinary Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jevs.2023.104896","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104896"}}