{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T22:55:53Z","timestamp":1768517753105,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T02:34:03Z","timestamp":1657593243000},"page":"102397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Reflected near-infrared photography: Digging deeper into post-mortem examination"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1819-4846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anurag","family":"Dubey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4373-136X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raja","family":"Rupani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0435-344X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vishal","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8495-6373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohit Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5869-4987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangeeta","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2446-585X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anoop Kumar","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib1","series-title":"Forensic Dental Photography","first-page":"47","author":"Bernstein","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22078","article-title":"The use of black and white infrared photography for recording blunt force injury","volume":"26","author":"Bernstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.07.001","article-title":"A user-friendly technical setup for infrared photography of forensic findings","volume":"278","author":"Rost","year":"2017","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/ELECSYM.2016.7860987","article-title":"Vein detection system using infrared camera","author":"Al Ghozali","year":"2016","journal-title":"2016 Int Electronics Symp (IES)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib5","series-title":"Vein Identification and Localization for Automated Intravenous Drug Delivery System","first-page":"270","author":"Prabhu","year":"2012"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.flora.2012.01.001","article-title":"Small scale spatial heterogeneity of Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVIs) and hot spots of photosynthesis in biological soil crusts. Flora - morphology, Distribution","volume":"207","author":"Fischer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol. Plants."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2019.109874","article-title":"Detection of latent bloodstains at fire scenes using reflected infrared photography","volume":"302","author":"Bastide","year":"2019","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-020-00347-9","article-title":"Tattoo visualization using cross-polarized lighting and infrared photography","volume":"17","author":"Cullip","year":"2021","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Med Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19966","article-title":"Camouflage predicts survival in ground-nesting birds","volume":"6","author":"Troscianko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1080\/00450618.2012.657681","article-title":"The infrared lighting system for the efficient photography of the pretreated fingerprint","volume":"44","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aust J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2010.04.007","article-title":"The use of infrared aided photography in identification of sites of bruises after evidence of the bruise is absent to the naked eye","volume":"17","author":"Rowan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Forensic. Legal. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2019.109874","article-title":"Detection of latent bloodstains at fire scenes using reflected infrared photography","volume":"302","author":"Bastide","year":"2019","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-7368(70)70590-2","article-title":"Infrared luminescence in the examination of documents","volume":"10","author":"Ellen","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-7368(70)70590-2","article-title":"Infrared luminescence in the examination of documents","volume":"10","author":"Ellen","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2007.00502.x","article-title":"Forensic applications of infrared imaging for the detection and recording of latent evidence","volume":"52","author":"Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-020-00347-9","article-title":"Tattoo visualization using cross-polarized lighting and infrared photography","volume":"17","author":"Cullip","year":"2021","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Med Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib17","first-page":"1134","article-title":"Digital UV\/IR photography for tattoo evaluation in mummified remains","volume":"57","author":"Oliver","year":"2012","journal-title":"J For Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib18","first-page":"33","article-title":"Digital infrared photography to develop GSR patterns","volume":"39","author":"Bailey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aust J Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(86)90187-8","article-title":"An interesting application of infra-red reflection photography to blood splash pattern interpretation","volume":"31","author":"Raymond","year":"1986","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2021.111167","article-title":"Evaluation of infrared photography for latent bloodstain visualization and the influence of time","volume":"331","author":"Winnepenninckx","year":"2022","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-016-1343-2","article-title":"Reconstruction of crimes by infrared photography","volume":"130","author":"Sterzik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Leg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2011.01850.x","article-title":"Latent evidence detection using a combination of near infrared and high dynamic range photography: an example using bloodstains","volume":"56","author":"Albanese","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scijus.2012.09.001","article-title":"Comparison of methods for visualizing blood on dark surfaces","volume":"53","author":"Finnis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci Justice"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.03.013","article-title":"The use of full spectrum digital photography for evidence collection and preservation in cases involving forensic odontology","volume":"201","author":"Wright","year":"2010","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1117\/12.953820","article-title":"Infrared photography as A diagnostic tool for the burn wound","author":"Anselmo","year":"1974","journal-title":"SPIE Proceed."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2012.06.007","article-title":"The use of near-infrared light for safe and effective visualization of subsurface blood vessels to facilitate blood withdrawal in children","volume":"35","author":"Cuper","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-008-0252-4","article-title":"Fatal outcome of a sand aspiration","volume":"122","author":"Kettner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Leg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-1131(96)90015-2","article-title":"A case of deferred death from drowning of a man found dead in bed at home","volume":"3","author":"Sato","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Forensic Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.20341","article-title":"Passive sensor evaluation for unmanned ground vehicle mud detection","volume":"27","author":"Rankin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Field Robot"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2010.11.012","article-title":"Noninvasive assessment of burn wound severity using optical technology: a review of current and future modalities","volume":"37","author":"Kaiser","year":"2011","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib31","series-title":"Forensic Dental Photography","first-page":"47","author":"Bernstein","year":"2018"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2010.04.007","article-title":"The use of infrared aided photography in identification of sites of bruises after evidence of the bruise is absent to the naked eye","volume":"17","author":"Rowan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Forensic. Legal. Med."},{"issue":"113","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1477-9730.2006.00351.x","article-title":"Near infrared photography for craniofacial anthropometric landmark measurement","volume":"21","author":"Chong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Photogramm Rec"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib34","first-page":"341","article-title":"The impact of traumatic brain injuries: a global perspective","volume":"22","author":"Hyder","year":"2007","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3109\/17453059009055326","article-title":"An important diffraction effect in infrared photography","volume":"13","author":"Nieuwenhuis","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Audiov Media Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2007.00502.x","article-title":"Forensic applications of infrared imaging for the detection and recording of latent evidence","volume":"52","author":"Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib37","series-title":"Gunshot Wounds: Practical Aspects of Firearms, Ballistics, and Forensic Techniques","author":"DiMaio","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib38","series-title":"Forensic Taphonomy: The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains","first-page":"156","article-title":"Postmortem changes in soft tissues","author":"Clark","year":"1997"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-018-1965-7","article-title":"Gunshot residue on dark materials: a comparison between infrared photography and the use of an alternative light source","volume":"133","author":"Barrera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Leg Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1752928X22000956?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1752928X22000956?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:17:09Z","timestamp":1761697029000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1752928X22000956"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S1752928X22000956"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-928X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-928X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Reflected near-infrared photography: Digging deeper into post-mortem examination","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2022.102397","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102397"}}