{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T03:40:10Z","timestamp":1769226010208,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T07:07:19Z","timestamp":1696921639000},"page":"102597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Combined use of cocaine and alcohol: A violent cocktail? A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8847-4387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"van Amsterdam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8301-0121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wim","family":"van den Brink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib1","series-title":"Global Status Report on Preventing Violence against Children 2020","article-title":"World health organization (WHO)","author":"WHO","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4079","article-title":"Global prevalence of past-year violence against children: a systematic review and minimum estimates","volume":"137","author":"Hillis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib3","series-title":"Global, Regional and National Prevalence Estimates for Intimate Partner Violence against Women and Global and Regional Prevalence Estimates for Non-partner Sexual Violence against Women","article-title":"World Health Organization (WHO). Violence against women prevalence estimates, 2018","author":"WHO","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02664-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national prevalence estimates of physical or sexual, or both, intimate partner violence against women in 2018","volume":"399","author":"Sardinha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib5","first-page":"245","article-title":"Is there a causal relationship between alcohol use and violence? A synthesis of evidence. Recent Dev Alcoholism: volume 13","author":"Lipsey","year":"1997","journal-title":"Alcohol Violence-Epidemiol Neurobiol Psychol Family Iss"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2018.06.001","article-title":"Intoxicated aggression: do alcohol and stimulants cause dose-related aggression? A review","volume":"30","author":"Kuypers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1177\/1477370819828324","article-title":"Alcohol-and drug-related public violence in Europe","volume":"17","author":"van Amsterdam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Criminol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010112","article-title":"Harms from other people's drinking: an international survey of their occurrence, impacts on feeling safe and legislation relating to their control","volume":"5","author":"Bellis","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.107685","article-title":"Aggression and violence at ambulance attendances where alcohol, illicit and\/or pharmaceutical drugs were recorded: a 5-year study of ambulance records in Victoria, Australia","volume":"205","author":"Coomber","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2016.02.004","article-title":"Recreational drug use and human aggressive behavior: a comprehensive review since 2003","volume":"27","author":"Tomlinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aggress Violent Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib11","series-title":"Alcohol, Aggression and Violence Among Young People: A Volatile Mix","author":"Lawler","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2017.03.023","article-title":"Effects of alcohol on human aggression","volume":"19","author":"Parrott","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(96)00126-1","article-title":"Psychopharmacologic violence associated with cocaine abuse: kindling of a limbic dyscontrol syndrome?","volume":"20","author":"Davis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib17","series-title":"The Hidden Mixer, Druglink, March\u2013April","first-page":"10","author":"Daly","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib18","author":"Roberts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib21","series-title":"Social Issues Research Centre (SIRC). Counting the Cost. The Measurement and Recording of Alcohol-Related Violence and Disorder","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1177\/1748895811422949","article-title":"Bars, drugs and football thugs: alcohol, cocaine use and violence in the night time economy among English football firms","volume":"12","author":"Ayres","year":"2012","journal-title":"Criminol Crim Justice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib23","first-page":"1","article-title":"Alcohol consumption among UK football supporters: investigating the contested field of the football carnivalesque","author":"Bandura","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drugs Educ Prev Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3198","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15494","article-title":"Attributable fractions for substance use in relation to crime","volume":"116","author":"Young","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib25","author":"Ferwerda"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib26","author":"van den Brink"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib27","series-title":"Aangeschoten wild: onderzoek naar jongeren, alcohol, drugs en agressie tijdens het uitgaan [The untamed wounded: research into young people, alcohol, drugs and aggression during nightlife]","author":"Bieleman","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib28","series-title":"Ordeverstoringen en groepsgeweld bij evenementen en grootschalige gebeurtenissen: Scherpte en alertheid [Disturbances of order and group violence at events and large-scale events: Acuity and alertness]","author":"Muller","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.5553\/JV\/016758502010036001005","article-title":"Het nieuwe hooliganisme. Geweld ook buiten het voetbalveld [The new hooliganism. Violence also outside the football field]","volume":"36","author":"Ferwerda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Justitiele Verkenningen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib32","series-title":"Drugs, Identity and Stigma","first-page":"221","article-title":"\u2018It's what happens now when people go for a drink\u2019: normalising non-dependent recreational cocaine use amongst over-35s in the UK","author":"Ancrum","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/09687630110112609","article-title":"'Rich Man's Speed': a qualitative study of young cocaine users","volume":"9","author":"Boys","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drugs Educ Prev Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.025","article-title":"The importance of considering polysubstance use: lessons from cocaine research","volume":"192","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib35","first-page":"agad009","article-title":"Urine drug tests indicate higher prevalence of combined alcohol and cocaine use compared to alcohol together with cannabis or amphetamine. A possible link to cocaethylene","author":"Helander","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0b013e318288daa2","article-title":"Onset of cocaine use: associated alcohol intoxication and psychosocial characteristics among adolescents in substance abuse treatment","volume":"7","author":"Apantaku-Olajide","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Addiction Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2021.103263","article-title":"High and highly bonded: fused football fans who use cocaine are most likely to be aggressive toward rivals","volume":"93","author":"Newson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Drug Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib38","series-title":"Office for National Statistics (ONS. Drug Misuse in England and Wales - Appendix Table 2.02","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260509340549","article-title":"Nightlife violence: a gender-specific view on risk factors for violence in nightlife settings: a cross-sectional study in nine European countries","volume":"25","author":"Schnitzer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckn080","article-title":"Predictors of violence in young tourists: a comparative study of British, German and Spanish holidaymakers","volume":"18","author":"Hughes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1177\/0022042620986514","article-title":"Cocaine rituals in club culture: intensifying and controlling alcohol intoxication","volume":"51","author":"Edland-Gryt","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Drug Issues"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.06.005","article-title":"Violence among men and women in substance use disorder treatment: a multi-level event-based analysis","volume":"112","author":"Chermack","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000061","article-title":"Risk factors of violence during a 4-week period in a psychiatric outpatient population","volume":"201","author":"Buchanan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.10.032","article-title":"Use of alcohol and illicit drugs by trauma patients in Sao Paulo, Brazil","volume":"53","author":"Bombana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-440X(99)90138-4","article-title":"Aggression and recent substance abuse: absence of association in psychiatric emergency room patients","volume":"40","author":"Dhossche","year":"1999","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2021.102151","article-title":"Drug-facilitated sexual assault and other crimes: a systematic review by countries","volume":"79","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195234","article-title":"Psychoactive substances and violent offences: a retrospective analysis of presentations to an urban emergency department in Switzerland","volume":"13","author":"Liakoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib48","first-page":"183","article-title":"A review on the forensic toxicology of global drug-facilitated sexual assaults","volume":"26","author":"Skov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2014.980953","article-title":"Substance use and violence among youth: a daily calendar analysis","volume":"50","author":"Stoddard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2019.05.008","article-title":"Epidemiological and toxicological profile of homicide victims in a legal medicine unit in Brazil","volume":"65","author":"Lemos","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000294","article-title":"Can intoxication status be used as a prediction tool for manner of death? A comparison of the intoxication status in violent suicides and homicides","volume":"38","author":"Molina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.3109\/00952998908992798","article-title":"Cocaine abuse and violent death","volume":"15","author":"Budd","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(93)90504-M","article-title":"Effects of cocaine on human aggression","volume":"45","author":"Licata","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.11.020","article-title":"The rate ratio of injury and aggressive incident for alcohol alone, cocaine alone and simultaneous use before the event: a case-crossover study","volume":"75","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib55","series-title":"Offending Surveys and Research, National Centre for Social Research and BMRB. Offending, Crime and Justice Survey 2006 (England and Wales)","author":"Phelps","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.3109\/09687637.2013.861799","article-title":"A violent mix? The association between concurrent alcohol and cocaine use and violence amongst young people in England and Wales","volume":"21","author":"Lightowlers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drugs Educ Prev Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(01)00180-6","article-title":"Violence among individuals in substance abuse treatment: the role of alcohol and cocaine consumption","volume":"66","author":"Chermack","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2003.08.033","article-title":"Drugs of abuse and the elicitation of human aggressive behavior","volume":"28","author":"Hoaken","year":"2003","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib59","article-title":"How much crime is drug or alcohol related? Self-reported attributions of police detainees","volume":"439","author":"Payne","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Issues Crime Criminal Justice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2008.11.001","article-title":"Illicit drug-related psychopharmacological violence: the current understanding within a causal context","volume":"14","author":"Kuhns","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aggress Violent Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib61","first-page":"5","article-title":"The relationship between controlled substances and violence","volume":"38","author":"McGinty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2017.02.005","article-title":"A global epidemiological perspective on the toxicology of drug-facilitated sexual assault: a systematic review","volume":"47","author":"Anderson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034338","article-title":"Substance use disorders and intimate partner violence perpetration among male and female offenders","volume":"4","author":"Crane","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.11.006","article-title":"A daily calendar analysis of substance use and dating violence among high risk urban youth","volume":"130","author":"Epstein-Ngo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12263","article-title":"Polysubstance use, mental health and high-risk behaviours: results from the 2012 Global Drug Survey","volume":"34","author":"Morley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib66","first-page":"283","article-title":"Alcohol and cocaine interactions and aggressive behaviors","volume":"13","author":"Denison","year":"1997","journal-title":"Recent Dev Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-1789(01)00057-X","article-title":"Substance abuse and violence: a review of the literature","volume":"8","author":"Boles","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aggress Violent Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(02)00106-0","article-title":"Increased impulsivity in cocaine dependent subjects independent of antisocial personality disorder and aggression","volume":"68","author":"Moeller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib69","first-page":"432","article-title":"Relationship between platelet serotonin uptake sites and measures of impulsivity, aggression, and craving among African-American cocaine abusers","volume":"12","author":"Patkar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1037\/bne0000509","article-title":"Chronic cocaine causes age-dependent increases in risky choice in both males and females","volume":"136","author":"Blaes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.028","article-title":"Psychoticism and neuroticism predict cocaine dependence and future cocaine use via different mechanisms","volume":"116","author":"Prisciandaro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990802122473","article-title":"Antisocial behavioral syndromes in cocaine and cannabis dependence","volume":"34","author":"Mariani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxr027","article-title":"Does the alcohol make them do it? Dating violence perpetration and drinking among youth","volume":"34","author":"Rothman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2007.07.002","article-title":"Predicting violence among cocaine, cannabis, and alcohol treatment clients","volume":"33","author":"MacDonald","year":"2008","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(88)80076-3","article-title":"Emergency department violence in United States teaching hospitals","volume":"17","author":"Lavoie","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib76","series-title":"Toward a Drugs and Crime Research Agenda for the 21st Century. 1","first-page":"65","article-title":"Research on drugs-crime linkages: the next generation","author":"MacCoun","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1080\/07347324.2022.2105184","article-title":"Dedicated Swedish football supporters' narratives about alcohol and drug use and treatment needs: an interpretative phenomenological analysis interview study","volume":"40","author":"Punzi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alcohol Treat Q"}],"container-title":["Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1752928X23001154?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1752928X23001154?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:17:58Z","timestamp":1761697078000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1752928X23001154"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["S1752928X23001154"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-928X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-928X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Combined use of cocaine and alcohol: A violent cocktail? A systematic review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2023.102597","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102597"}}