{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T07:44:14Z","timestamp":1777535054913,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007217","name":"Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["112-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["112-04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]],"date-time":"2025-06-10T02:53:53Z","timestamp":1749524033000},"page":"102915","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effects of deferred prosecution on psychological well-being in individuals with substance use disorders"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1696-2987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Chieh","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hung-Chi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Su-Ying","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuan-Shang","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chih-Yao","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Shi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chih-Hsiang","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keng-Chang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei-Ti","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Huang-Chih Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6036-045X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dian-Jeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib1","first-page":"8","article-title":"The evolution and revolution of Taiwan's criminal justice","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Taiwan in Comparative Perspective"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11417-013-9163-5","article-title":"Evaluating restorative justice programs in taiwan","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Criminology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000035","article-title":"Drug use as a driver of HIV risks: re-emerging and emerging issues","volume":"9","author":"El-Bassel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin HIV AIDS"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i15.1921","article-title":"Psychiatric and substance use disorders co-morbidities and hepatitis C: Diagnostic and treatment implications","volume":"7","author":"Hauser","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib5","first-page":"115","article-title":"Cannabis, coerced care, and a rights-based approach to community support","volume":"24","author":"Wheeldon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Hum Rights"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1177\/08874034211000403","article-title":"A multisite evaluation of prosecutor-led pretrial diversion: effects on conviction, incarceration, and recidivism","volume":"32","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crim Justice Policy Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recidivism of individuals who completed Schedule I drugs deferred prosecution treatment: a population-based follow-up study from 2008 to 2020 in Taiwan","author":"Ku","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib8","first-page":"53","article-title":"The verdict on drug courts and other problem-solving courts","volume":"2","author":"Marlowe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chap. J. Crim. Just."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2015.12.005","article-title":"The effectiveness of compulsory drug treatment: a systematic review","volume":"28","author":"Werb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Drug Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib10","unstructured":"DSM-5. (2013). In (fifth ed. ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib11","series-title":"Cognitive Behavior Therapy: Basics and beyond","author":"Beck","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib12","series-title":"The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Substance Abuse Treatment","first-page":"387","article-title":"Contingency management","author":"Higgins","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib13","series-title":"Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Substance Abuse","first-page":"125","article-title":"Motivational enhancement","author":"DiClemente","year":"2011"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib14","article-title":"Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12-step programs for alcohol use disorder","volume":"3","author":"Kelly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1995.9056072.x","article-title":"The Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS): psychometric properties of the SDS in English and Australian samples of heroin, cocaine and amphetamine users","volume":"90","author":"Gossop","year":"1995","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(82)90005-3","article-title":"The drug abuse screening test","volume":"7","author":"Skinner","year":"1982","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.56.6.893","article-title":"An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties","volume":"56","author":"Beck","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","article-title":"An inventory for measuring depression","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib19","first-page":"174","article-title":"Measuring optimistic self-beliefs: a Chinese adaptation of the general self-efficacy scale","volume":"38","author":"Zhang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychologia: An International Journal of Psychology in the Orient"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2307\/2531248","article-title":"Longitudinal data analysis for discrete and continuous outcomes","volume":"42","author":"Zeger","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.11.010","article-title":"Boosting treatment stabilization in patients of amphetamine-type stimulant use disorder","volume":"64","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Drug Pol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib22","article-title":"Risk factors for relapse among methamphetamine users receiving a joint legal-medical treatment program as a diversion intervention: a one-year follow-up study","volume":"151","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Subst Use Addict Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.2174\/1874941001104010058","article-title":"Factors associated with medication adherence among psychiatric outpatients at substance abuse risk","volume":"4","author":"Magura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Open Addict J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2012.10.004","article-title":"Medication assisted treatment in US drug courts: results from a nationwide survey of availability, barriers and attitudes","volume":"44","author":"Matusow","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.976","article-title":"Treating drug abuse and addiction in the criminal justice system: improving public health and safety","volume":"301","author":"Chandler","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2023.06.023","article-title":"Substance use disorder","volume":"42","author":"Swimmer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-024-05734-y","article-title":"Effectiveness of substance use disorder treatment as an alternative to imprisonment","volume":"24","author":"Virtanen","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/00220426211000330","article-title":"Diversion programs for individuals who use substances: a review of the literature","volume":"51","author":"Lindquist-Grantz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Drug Issues"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1080\/19371918.2013.774673","article-title":"Integrated treatment of substance use and psychiatric disorders","volume":"28","author":"Kelly","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soc Work Publ Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000643","article-title":"Barriers to drug treatment in police diversion programs and drug courts: a qualitative analysis","volume":"92","author":"Dickson-Gomez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Orthopsychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.3928\/00485713-20081101-01","article-title":"Anxiety disorders with comorbid substance use disorders: diagnostic and treatment considerations","volume":"38","author":"Back","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatr Ann"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e3283523d3d","article-title":"Managing patients with dual diagnosis in psychiatric practice","volume":"25","author":"Baigent","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e3282f32408","article-title":"Major depression and comorbid substance use disorders","volume":"21","author":"Davis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1097\/WNF.0b013e318261e193","article-title":"Co-occurring psychotic and addictive disorders: neurobiology and diagnosis","volume":"35","author":"Ross","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(99)00026-4","article-title":"The comorbidity of depression and substance use disorders","volume":"20","author":"Swendsen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.13192","article-title":"Relapse risk factors for patients with comorbid affective disorders and substance abuse disorders from an intensive treatment unit","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2011.07.032","article-title":"The role of self-efficacy in the treatment of substance use disorders","volume":"36","author":"Kadden","year":"2011","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib38","article-title":"Generalized self-efficacy scale","author":"Schwarzer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Measures in Health Psychology: A User's Portfolio. Causal and control beliefs Windsor"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib39","series-title":"Self-efficacy: The Exercise of Control","author":"Bandura","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1080\/00207590444000041","article-title":"General self-efficacy in various domains of human functioning: evidence from five countries","volume":"40","author":"Luszczynska","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1027\/\/1015-5759.18.3.242","article-title":"Is general self-efficacy a universal Construct?1","volume":"18","author":"Scholz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Psychol Assess"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-023-04267-z","article-title":"Structured programs for the self-management of substance addiction consequences in outpatient services: a scoping review","volume":"43","author":"Seabra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(00)00137-X","article-title":"Results of a baseline urine test predict levels of cocaine use during treatment","volume":"62","author":"Ehrman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2019.101636","article-title":"Educational attainment and prescription drug misuse: the importance of push and pull factors for dropping out","volume":"66","author":"Ford","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Crim Justice"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/10852352.2019.1654263","article-title":"Perceived stress, substance use, and mental health issues among college students in the Midwest","volume":"49","author":"Stowell","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Prev Interv Community"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2016.06.004","article-title":"Substance use among college students","volume":"25","author":"Skidmore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1086\/226145","article-title":"On the concept of face","volume":"81","author":"Ho","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Sociol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.11.013","article-title":"Culture and stigma: adding moral experience to stigma theory","volume":"64","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib49","series-title":"Counseling the Cultural Diverse: Theory and Practice","author":"Sue","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.27.1.363","article-title":"Conceptualizing stigma","volume":"27","author":"Link","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Sociol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0272870","article-title":"Association between contact with mental health and substance use services and reincarceration after release from prison","volume":"17","author":"Thomas","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2009.06.003","article-title":"Doing time: a qualitative study of long-term incarceration and the impact of mental illness","volume":"32","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Law Psychiatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s11673-017-9784-y","article-title":"Stigma and self-stigma in addiction","volume":"14","author":"Matthews","year":"2017","journal-title":"J bioeth Inq"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib54","series-title":"Self-efficacy: Thought Control of Action","first-page":"177","article-title":"Self-efficacy and depression","author":"Kavanagh","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib55","first-page":"71","article-title":"Effects of self-efficacy on addiction recovery and relapse in substance users","volume":"50","author":"Bhullar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.21608\/msnj.2022.169551.1039","article-title":"Relationship between self-efficacy, social support and treatment motivation among addict patients","volume":"12","author":"Mohamed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Minia Scientific Nursing Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.2147\/SAR.S376389","article-title":"A prospective biopsychosocial repeated measures study of stress and dropout from substance addiction treatment","volume":"14","author":"B\u00f8hle","year":"2023","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Rehabil"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2021.1908358","article-title":"The role of personality functioning on early drop out in outpatient substance misuse treatment","volume":"56","author":"Papamalis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954-024-01010-0","article-title":"Association between socioeconomic and motherhood characteristics with receiving community-based treatment services among justice-involved young female drug users: a retrospective cohort study in Taiwan","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib60","article-title":"Utilising the implementation of integrated care to develop a pragmatic framework for the sustained Uptake of service innovations (SUSI)","volume":"11","author":"Foley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.josat.2024.209488","article-title":"Cascade of care for substance use and mental health disorders for justice-involved populations","volume":"167","author":"Clark","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib62","unstructured":"Code of Criminal Procedure art. 253-1 (Taiwan), 253-1 (2020)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915_bib63","unstructured":"Code of Criminal Procedure art. 253-3 (Taiwan), 253-3 (2020)."}],"container-title":["Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1752928X25001167?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1752928X25001167?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T11:07:47Z","timestamp":1756379267000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1752928X25001167"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["S1752928X25001167"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-928X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-928X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of deferred prosecution on psychological well-being in individuals with substance use disorders","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102915","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102915"}}