{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T21:24:07Z","timestamp":1791494647124,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T07:05:47Z","timestamp":1759302347000},"page":"102988","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Fatal mechanical asphyxia: a comprehensive forensic review with an illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Guodong","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0407-3775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pengfei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib1","series-title":"Respiratory Physiology: Understanding Gas Exchange","author":"Prange","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib2","series-title":"Physical Mechanism of Breathing","author":"Amanouz","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib3","article-title":"Asphyxia","volume":"vol. 4","author":"Hickey","year":"2005"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.04.055","article-title":"Asphyxia-related deaths","volume":"144","author":"P\u00fcschel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s12245-010-0204-x","article-title":"Traumatic asphyxia","volume":"3","author":"Karamustafaoglu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1097\/01.paf.0000178098.33597.de","article-title":"Sudden death due to asphyxia by esophageal polyp: two case reports and review of asphyxial deaths","volume":"26","author":"Carrick","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2019.110122","article-title":"Lethal hydrogen sulfide poisoning in open space: an atypical case of asphyxiation of two workers","volume":"308","author":"Aventaggiato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.9690","article-title":"Basic biochemical and hematological parameters in perinatal asphyxia and their correlation with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"21","author":"Munteanu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.07.013","article-title":"Mechanical asphyxia by accidental compression of the neck during a theft: a case report","author":"Ciprandi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000052","article-title":"Compression asphyxia in upright suspended position","volume":"35","author":"Tumram","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000011041","article-title":"Sudden deaths from positional asphyxia: a case report","volume":"97","author":"Chmieliauskas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib12","first-page":"E36","article-title":"Suffocation caused by a foreign body in the upper intra-thoracic esophagus","volume":"64","author":"Nagai","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2015.30","article-title":"Traumatic asphyxia with diaphragmatic injury: a case report","volume":"30","author":"Lateef","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oman Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1049\/piee.1966.0017","article-title":"Death from electric shock","volume":"113","author":"Lee","year":"1966","journal-title":"Proc Inst Electr Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PAF.0000052754.37280.10","article-title":"Accidental electrocution during autoeroticism: a shocking case","volume":"24","author":"Schott","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib16","first-page":"135","article-title":"Effects of electric shock on respiration in the rabbit","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"1964","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib17","first-page":"210","article-title":"Experimental investigation of the effects of direct current electric shock on respiration","volume":"22","author":"Angelis","year":"1965","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib18","first-page":"164","article-title":"Physiological changes during electrical asphyxiation","volume":"28","author":"Levy","year":"1971","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2014.09.014","article-title":"Asphyxiants","volume":"33","author":"Borron","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2021.111011","article-title":"Assessment of chemical asphyxia caused by toxic gases generated from rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) fires","volume":"328","author":"Son","year":"2021","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib21","first-page":"984","article-title":"The first fatal case of yam bean and rotenone toxicity in Thailand","volume":"88","author":"Narongchai","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thail"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.23907\/2018.006","article-title":"High-altitude illness death investigation","volume":"8","author":"Kurtzman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acad Forensic Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-018-0056-x","article-title":"A lethal case of hoarding due to the combination of traumatic and confined space asphyxia","volume":"15","author":"Cappelletti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Med Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib24","first-page":"83","article-title":"Assessment of the cause and mode of death of victims of a mass industrial accident in the Halemba coal mine","volume":"1","author":"Kobek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int Suppl Ser"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0323","article-title":"Laryngeal edema and death from asphyxiation after tooth extraction in four patients with hereditary angioedema","volume":"134","author":"Bork","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702005000500011","article-title":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome due to vivax malaria: case report and literature review","volume":"9","author":"Lomar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2011.01774.x","article-title":"Sickle cell trait-associated deaths: a case series with a review of the literature","volume":"56","author":"Thogmartin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1159\/000240714","article-title":"Fetal asphyxia due to umbilical cord compression: metabolic and brain pathologic consequences","volume":"26","author":"Myers","year":"1975","journal-title":"Biol Neonate"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx202","article-title":"Neonatal outcomes associated with placental abruption","volume":"186","author":"Downes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib30","first-page":"1191","article-title":"Aspiration pneumonia in an infant with neurological sequelae - case report","volume":"56","author":"Dop","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2007.05.004","article-title":"Incomplete decapitation in suicidal hanging - report of a case and review of the literature","volume":"15","author":"T\u00f6ro","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Forensic Legal Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1097\/01.paf.0000188088.11626.cd","article-title":"An unusual mechanical asphyxia in a homicide-suicide case by smothering and strangulation","volume":"27","author":"Turillazzi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib33","series-title":"Masking of Manual Strangulation: -A Case Report","author":"Datta","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.2.162","article-title":"Fourteen cases of imposed upper airway obstruction","volume":"67","author":"Samuels","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.04.052","article-title":"Bassinet use and sudden unexpected death in infancy","volume":"153","author":"Pike","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib36","first-page":"e293","article-title":"A singular case of asphyxia by choking on a handkerchief: accidental event or suicide to \"shut-up\" spirits","volume":"168","author":"De Donno","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Ter"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433-200012000-00013","article-title":"Mechanical airway obstruction caused by accidental aspiration of part of a ballpoint pen","volume":"21","author":"Bhana","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib38","first-page":"58","article-title":"Choking together with aspiration of gastric contents: rare form of maternal death. Egypt","volume":"12","author":"Vadysinghe","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-020-02469-9","article-title":"Macromorphological findings in cases of death in water: a critical view on \u201cdrowning signs\u201d","volume":"135","author":"Schneppe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Leg Med"},{"issue":"126","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.26.126.141","article-title":"Oil aspiration pneumonia in infancy","volume":"26","author":"Brimblecombe","year":"1951","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-011-0673-x","article-title":"Lethal injuries following building collapse: comparison between autopsy and radiographic findings","volume":"116","author":"Guglielmi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2008.01.008","article-title":"Accidental fatal asphyxiation by sand inhalation","volume":"15","author":"Benomran","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Forensic Legal Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-947X(2005)131:8(575)","article-title":"Exploring trampling and crushing in a crowd","volume":"131","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Transport Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib44","series-title":"Asphyxiation, Suffocation, and Neck Pressure Deaths","first-page":"1","article-title":"History of asphyxia-related deaths","author":"Madea","year":"2020"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10237","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.172399499","article-title":"Appraising the brain's energy budget","volume":"99","author":"Raichle","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib46","series-title":"Basic Neurochemistry","first-page":"200","article-title":"Energy metabolism of the brain","author":"McKenna","year":"2012"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1600-0455.2003.00104.x","article-title":"Cerebral hemodynamics in a healthy population measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast MR imaging","volume":"44","author":"Helenius","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1992.00530340029014","article-title":"Regional cerebral oxygen consumption, blood flow, and blood volume in healthy human aging","volume":"49","author":"Marchal","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(01)00306-1","article-title":"Tissue oxygen tension and brain sensitivity to hypoxia","volume":"128","author":"Ereci\u0144ska","year":"2001","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcpc059021","article-title":"Case records of the Massachusetts general hospital. Case 26-2005. A 48-year-old man with sudden loss of consciousness while jogging","volume":"353","author":"Binder","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2016.04.002","article-title":"Pathophysiology of birth asphyxia","volume":"43","author":"Rainaldi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2011.02264.x","article-title":"Impact of acute hypobaric hypoxia on blood flow distribution in brain","volume":"202","author":"Pagani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Physiol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2019.10.004","article-title":"Detection and response to acute systemic hypoxia","volume":"20","author":"Kane","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJA Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib54","first-page":"233","article-title":"Hypoxia and related conditions","volume":"1","author":"Auer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Greenfield's Neuropathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib55","series-title":"New Stages of Development of Modern Science in Ukraine and EU Countries","first-page":"21","article-title":"Strangulation asphyxia","author":"Yekhalov","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-14-51","article-title":"Cardiac output and cardiac index measured with cardiovascular magnetic resonance in healthy subjects, elite athletes and patients with congestive heart failure","volume":"14","author":"Carlsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2013.766704","article-title":"Evaluation of the coronary arteries in the foetus and newborn and their physiologic significance","volume":"26","author":"Sehgal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-013-9472-0","article-title":"Myocardial necrosis and infarction in newborns and infants","volume":"9","author":"Bamber","year":"2013","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Med Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS14878J","article-title":"Asphyxial deaths and petechiae: a review","volume":"45","author":"Ely","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1191\/1460408605ta330oa","article-title":"Asphyxiation: a review","volume":"7","author":"Richards","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trauma (Sage)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000409","article-title":"A fatal outcome of Pica syndrome: an unusual case of delayed mortality","volume":"39","author":"Bogdanovic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(95)01886-7","article-title":"Delayed death after pressure on the neck: possible causal mechanisms and implications for mode of death in manual strangulation discussed","volume":"78","author":"Anscombe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1007\/s004140050057","article-title":"Delayed death after attempted suicide by hanging","volume":"110","author":"Hausmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Leg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib66","article-title":"Toxic alcohols","volume":"118","author":"Nelson","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsisyn.2025.100577","article-title":"Forensic homicidal strangulation in women: case series and systematic literature review","volume":"10","author":"Malta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int Synerg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2024.112342","article-title":"A retrospective review of the circumstances and characteristics of 72 adult autoerotic neck compression deaths in Australia, between 2000 and 2022","volume":"367","author":"Mullin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2025.112561","article-title":"Mechanical asphyxia by hanging: a look back in search for evidence","volume":"375","author":"Blandino","year":"2025","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-024-03367-0","article-title":"Forensic issues in autoerotic deaths: a 44-year systematic review and a case series from the legal medicine institutes of Bologna and Milan, Italy","volume":"139","author":"Pelletti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Leg Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-021-02629-5","article-title":"An unusual suicide by self-waterboarding: forensic pathological issues","volume":"135","author":"Galante","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Leg Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.17219\/acem\/192226","article-title":"Assessing violent mechanical asphyxia in forensic pathology: state-of-the-art and unanswered questions","volume":"33","author":"Porzionato","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Clin Exp Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252111607","article-title":"Post mortem molecular biomarkers of asphyxia: a literature review","volume":"25","author":"Sacco","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252312710","article-title":"Exploring potential diagnostic biomarkers for mechanical asphyxia in the heart based on proteomics technology","volume":"25","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib75","article-title":"Advances in virtual autopsy and forensic imaging: reconstructing the truth beneath the surface","volume":"5","author":"K\u00fchn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Forensic Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib76","first-page":"1965","article-title":"Application of 3D surface scanning for forensic analysis of patterned injuries in neck compression","volume":"67","author":"Ehrlich","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ap.28.1.34","article-title":"Cross-cultural issues in forensic psychiatry training","volume":"28","author":"Layde","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acad Psychiatry"},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib78","first-page":"14092","article-title":"Investigating the impact of cultural context on forensic evaluations: implications for criminal practice and policy","volume":"6","author":"Ateyah","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Univ Stud Inclusive Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-024-03367-0","article-title":"Forensic issues in autoerotic deaths: a 44-year systematic review and a case series from the legal medicine institutes of Bologna and milan, Italy","volume":"139","author":"Pelletti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Leg Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1752928X25001891?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1752928X25001891?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T03:33:20Z","timestamp":1763350400000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1752928X25001891"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":77,"alternative-id":["S1752928X25001891"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988","relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-928X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-928X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fatal mechanical asphyxia: a comprehensive forensic review with an illustrative case","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2025.102988","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102988"}}