{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T17:44:50Z","timestamp":1786815890823,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Formosan Medical Association"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T21:06:54Z","timestamp":1734210414000},"page":"21-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A deep learning approach for the screening of referable age-related macular degeneration \u2013 Model development and external validation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Tsui-Kang","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8349-7056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan Pochou","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng-Ju","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-Jung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo-Chi","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0143-3488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shihyi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Wei","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5662-2800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I-Chan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Hao","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Jin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng-Che","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2258-154X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Ting","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib1","first-page":"493","article-title":"Updates on the epidemiology of Age-related macular degeneration","volume":"6","author":"Jonas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e106","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(13)70145-1","article-title":"Global prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and disease burden projection for 2020 and 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Wong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00265-2","article-title":"Age-related macular degeneration","volume":"7","author":"Fleckenstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.119.10.1417","article-title":"AREDS Report no. 8. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8","volume":"119","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"678\u201386","key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib5","article-title":"Delay to treatment and visual outcomes in patients treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for age-related macular degeneration","volume":"153","author":"Lim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100875","article-title":"Artificial intelligence for the detection of age-related macular degeneration in color fundus photographs: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"EClinicalmedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib7","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition","article-title":"Densely connected convolutional networks","author":"Huang","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib8","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF international conference on computer vision","first-page":"1314","article-title":"Searching for mobilenetv3","author":"Howard","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.18152","article-title":"Development and validation of a deep learning system for diabetic retinopathy and related eye diseases using retinal images from multiethnic populations with diabetes","volume":"318","author":"Ting","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib10","first-page":"505","article-title":"A multi-task deep learning model for the classification of Age-related Macular Degeneration","volume":"2019","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"AMIA Jt Summits Transl Sci Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.11.015","article-title":"DeepSeeNet: a deep learning model for automated classification of patient-based age-related macular degeneration severity from color fundus photographs","volume":"126","author":"Peng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.3799","article-title":"Utility of deep learning methods for referability classification of Age-related macular degeneration","volume":"136","author":"Burlina","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.4118","article-title":"Use of deep learning for detailed severity characterization and estimation of 5-year risk among patients with age-related macular degeneration","volume":"136","author":"Burlina","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2021.013390","article-title":"Classification of fundus images based on deep learning for detecting eye diseases","volume":"67","author":"Chea","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput Mater Continua (CMC)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.010","article-title":"Self-supervised feature learning and phenotyping for assessing age-related macular degeneration using retinal fundus images","volume":"6","author":"Yellapragada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14306","article-title":"Evaluation of a deep learning system for the joint automated detection of diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration","volume":"98","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gonzalo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S235751","article-title":"Artificial intelligence to identify retinal fundus images, quality validation, laterality evaluation, macular degeneration, and suspected glaucoma","volume":"14","author":"Zapata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2022.107302","article-title":"Binary and multi-class automated detection of age-related macular degeneration using convolutional- and transformer-based architectures","volume":"229","author":"Dom\u00ednguez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5779276","article-title":"Cross-camera external validation for artificial intelligence software in diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy","volume":"2022","author":"Tsai","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Formosan Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0929664624005679?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0929664624005679?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T13:00:34Z","timestamp":1769518834000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0929664624005679"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0929664624005679"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-6646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0929-6646","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A deep learning approach for the screening of referable age-related macular degeneration \u2013 Model development and external validation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfma.2024.12.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2026, Formosan Medical Association. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}