{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:28:51Z","timestamp":1787315331264,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Aims A study was designed to evaluate the influence of head conformation on the course of the nasolacrimal drainage system (NDS) in 31 brachycephalic and 15 mesocephalic cats using computed tomography (CT), CT-dacryocystography and anatomical methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Findings The higher the degree of brachycephalia, the more the facial bones and upper canine teeth are displaced dorsally (ie, the more pronounced the dorsorotation). Dorsorotation leads to abnormal dislocation of the ventral nasal concha and to almost horizontally rotated upper canine teeth, and thus a steeply oriented NDS. In severe brachycephalia the NDS is forced to pass below the canine tooth (adopt a V-shaped course) and the drainage function seems to be inefficient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Practical relevance The rotation of the upper canine teeth appears to provide a basis for classification of brachycephalia in cats. The authors recommend that breeders avoid breeding from individuals affected by this condition and to give preference to cats with longer facial bones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2009.09.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,25]],"date-time":"2009-10-25T04:18:42Z","timestamp":1256444322000},"page":"891-900","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Brachycephalic Feline Noses: CT and Anatomical Study of the Relationship between Head Conformation and the Nasolacrimal Drainage System"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Claudia","family":"Schlueter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus D","family":"Budras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eberhard","family":"Ludewig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department for Small Animals and Horses, Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Mayrhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department for Small Animals and Horses, Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Horst E","family":"Koenig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, (Anatomy), University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr Matzke and partners GbR, Fuerstenwalde, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard U","family":"Oechtering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-j.jfms.2009.09.010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1473-2165.2002.00038.x"},{"key":"bibr2-j.jfms.2009.09.010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0264.2003.00448.x"},{"key":"bibr3-j.jfms.2009.09.010","first-page":"473","volume":"77","author":"Lauruschkus G","year":"1942","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr Tierheilkunde"},{"key":"bibr4-j.jfms.2009.09.010","first-page":"109","volume":"10","author":"Hobson HP","year":"1995","journal-title":"Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim)"},{"key":"bibr5-j.jfms.2009.09.010","volume-title":"Feline ophthalmology","author":"Barnett KC","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr6-j.jfms.2009.09.010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0264.2003.00464.x"},{"key":"bibr7-j.jfms.2009.09.010","volume-title":"Pareys lexikon der syndrome - 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