{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T16:41:21Z","timestamp":1784306481939,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012445","name":"American Eagle Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012445","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food Protection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T18:59:07Z","timestamp":1749236347000},"page":"100556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessing Lead Levels in New York-Donated Venison"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Peter E.","family":"Nye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Totoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karyn L.","family":"Bischoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Eagle Foundation (2024). Grants. https:\/\/eagles.org\/grants\/. Accessed February 12, 2024.","DOI":"10.1002\/nba.31831"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-016-1177-x","article-title":"Health and environmental risks from lead-based ammunition: science versus socio-politics","volume":"13","author":"Arnemo","year":"2016","journal-title":"EcoHealth"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1445","DOI":"10.1002\/wsb.1445","article-title":"Towards an evidence\u2010informed strategy for communicating lead ammunition risks","volume":"47","author":"Balog-Way","year":"2023","journal-title":"Wildlife Society Bulletin"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.11.031","article-title":"Chronic lead intoxication from eating wild-harvested game","volume":"131","author":"Buenz","year":"2018","journal-title":"The American Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s44187-024-00104-9","article-title":"X-ray screening of donated wild game is insufficient to protect children from lead exposure","volume":"4","author":"Buenz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Discover Food"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0030","series-title":"Report of the advisory committee on childhood lead poisoning prevention of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","article-title":"Low level lead exposure harms children: a renewed call for primary prevention","author":"CDC","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0035","unstructured":"CDC (2022). National childhood blood lead surveillance data. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nceh\/lead\/data\/national.htm. Accessed January 27, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0040","unstructured":"Codex General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Food and Feed (CODEX STAN 193-1995) https:\/\/www.fao.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/livestockgov\/documents\/1_CXS_193e.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cornatzer, W. E., Fogarty, E. F., & Cornatzer, E. W. (2009). Qualitative and quantitative detection of lead bullet fragments in random venison packages donated to the Community Action Food Centers of North Dakota, 2007. Ingestion of Lead from Spent Ammunition: Implications for Wildlife and Humans. The Peregrine Fund, Boise, Idaho, USA.","DOI":"10.4080\/ilsa.2009.0111"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0050","unstructured":"EUR-Lex. EUR-Lex \u2013 02006R1881-20230326 \u2013 EN \u2013 EUR-Lex."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0055","unstructured":"Feeding America (2024). New York. Available at: https:\/\/www.feedingamerica.org\/hunger-in-america\/new-york. Retrieved January 27, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2022.105202","article-title":"Updated interim reference levels for dietary lead to support FDA's closer to zero action plan","volume":"133","author":"Flannery","year":"2022","journal-title":"Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304725","article-title":"Lead poisoning in the 21st century: the silent epidemic continues","volume":"108","author":"Hanna-Attisha","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0070","unstructured":"Harvard Law School Food Law and Policy Clinic (2018). Food safety regulations & guidance for food donations: a fifty-state survey of state practices. https:\/\/chlpi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/50-State-Food-."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0075","series-title":"For Minnesota\u2019s lead-ammo ban: \u201cit\u2019s right thing to do\u201d","author":"Henderson","year":"2016"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5330","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005330","article-title":"Lead bullet fragments in venison from rifle-killed deer: potential for human dietary exposure","volume":"4","author":"Hunt","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0085","unstructured":"Hunters for Eagle Conservation New York. Hunters have an opportunity for hands-on conservation. https:\/\/huntersforeagleconservation.org\/new-york\/."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2009.08.007","article-title":"Hunting with lead: association between blood lead levels and wild game consumption","volume":"109","author":"Iqbal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environmental Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/83.5.1189","article-title":"Determination of lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, and iron in foods by atomic absorption spectrometry after microwave digestion: NMKL1 collaborative study","volume":"83","author":"Jorhem","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of AOAC International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-016-0132-6","article-title":"Detection of lead nanoparticles in game meat by single particle ICP-MS following use of lead-containing bullets","volume":"409","author":"Kollander","year":"2017","journal-title":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0271987","article-title":"Fragmentation of hunting bullets observed with synchrotron radiation: lighting up the source of a lesser-known lead exposure pathway","volume":"17","author":"Leontowich","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0110","article-title":"Bioaccessibility of Pb from ammunition in game meat is affected by cooking treatment","volume":"6","author":"Mateo","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One1"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2006.10.022","article-title":"Transfer of lead from shot pellets to game meat during cooking","volume":"372","author":"Mateo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0120","unstructured":"Mason, D. (2018). Policy and culture change: lead contamination of meat. In JAMA forum archive (Vol. 7, No. 1). American Medical Association."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2013.11.006","article-title":"Reducing Pb poisoning in birds and Pb exposure in game meat consumers: the dual benefit of effective Pb shot regulation","volume":"63","author":"Mateo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environment International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2013.08.007","article-title":"Consumption of lead-shot cervid meat and blood lead concentrations in a group of adult Norwegians","volume":"127","author":"Meltzer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environmental Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0135","series-title":"Monitoring in Minnesota shows venison laced with lead","author":"Myers","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0140","unstructured":"NYDEC (2024). Venison donation. https:\/\/dec.ny.gov\/things-to-do\/hunting\/deer-bear\/venison-donation. Retrieved January 27, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rabbitt, M.P., Reed-Jones, M., Hales, L.J., & Burke, M.P. (2024). Household food security in the United States in 2023 (Report No. ERR-337).","DOI":"10.32747\/2024.8583175.ers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2021.15","article-title":"Marination increases the bioavailability of lead in game meat shot with lead ammunition","volume":"10","author":"Schulz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Nutritional Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0155","unstructured":"Sporting Lead-Free (2024). Game Meat Scanning. https:\/\/www.sportingleadfree.org\/game-meat-scanning. Accessed January 27, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0160","series-title":"Midwest states vary in how they handle risk of lead in venison donated to food banks","author":"Horton","year":"2002"},{"issue":"S7","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S651","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2022.307069","article-title":"Biting the bullet: a call for action on lead-contaminated meat in food banks","volume":"112","author":"Totoni","year":"2022","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21601\/ejeph\/12043","article-title":"Increasing the awareness of health risks from lead-contaminated game meat among international and national human health organizations","volume":"6","author":"Thomas","year":"2022","journal-title":"European Journal of Environment and Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0175","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services (2008). Health consultation: the potential for ingestion exposure to lead fragments in venison in Wisconsin. November 4, 2008. https:\/\/www.dhs.wisconsin.gov\/environmental\/venisonandleadhc.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0180","unstructured":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (2022). Nontoxic shot regulations for hunting waterfowl and coots in the U.S. https:\/\/www.fws.gov\/story\/2022-04\/nontoxic-shot-regulations-hunting-waterfowl-and-coots-us. Retrieved February 12, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0185","unstructured":"Western & Central New York Pantry Project (2024). Venison donation coalition. https:\/\/www.venisondonation.com\/. Retrieved February 12, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0190","unstructured":"WHO (2024). Lead poisoning. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/lead-poisoning-and-health. Retrieved February 12, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-020-02967-x","article-title":"Lead contamination in ground venison from shotgun-harvested white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Illinois","volume":"105","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Food Protection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0362028X25001085?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0362028X25001085?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:07:00Z","timestamp":1762301220000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0362028X25001085"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0362028X25001085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556","relation":{},"ISSN":["0362-028X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0362-028X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Assessing Lead Levels in New York-Donated Venison","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Food Protection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100556","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of International Association for Food Protection.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100556"}}