{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T05:08:05Z","timestamp":1780981685769,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017698","name":"Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025ZC87"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZC87"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017698","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017698","name":"Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024XK04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024XK04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017698","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008773","name":"Hainan Association for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["242102111069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102111069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008773","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008773","name":"Hainan Association for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["252102110124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["252102110124"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008773","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008773","name":"Hainan Association for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["252102110081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["252102110081"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008773","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food Protection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T02:28:13Z","timestamp":1763346493000},"page":"100668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Research on the Identification of Composite Spices Based on Terahertz Spectroscopy and Machine Learning Algorithms"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Bin","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaogai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11468-025-02770-6","article-title":"Machine learning optimized optical surface plasmon resonance biosensor using locally weighted linear regression for rapid and accurate detection of tuberculosis biomarkers","author":"Alabsi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plasmonics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4380","DOI":"10.1007\/s11694-021-01023-4","article-title":"Detection of adulteration of kudzu powder by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy","volume":"15","author":"Bin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-024-13429-w","article-title":"Spicing up nutrition: Investigation of trace elements in some spices locally sold in two markets in Kisumu-Kenya","volume":"196","author":"Chore","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022627411411","article-title":"Support-vector networks","volume":"20","author":"Cortes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2024.110527","article-title":"Portable near infrared (NIR) spectrometer coupled with machine learning to classify milk with subclinical mastitis","volume":"163","author":"da Silva Pereira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat708","article-title":"Materials for terahertz science and technology","volume":"1","author":"Ferguson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphy.2022.869537","article-title":"Applications of terahertz spectroscopy in the detection and recognition of substances","volume":"10","author":"Fu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3945","DOI":"10.3390\/s18113945","article-title":"THz spectroscopic investigation of wheat-quality by using multi-source data fusion","volume":"18","author":"Ge","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2011.12.006","article-title":"Terahertz time domain spectroscopy and imaging: Emerging techniques for food process monitoring and quality control","volume":"25","author":"Gowen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends in Food Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2024.104377","article-title":"Spectroscopic food adulteration detection using machine learning: Current challenges and future prospects","volume":"146","author":"Goyal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends in Food Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2024.110858","article-title":"Non-destructive detection of freshness in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) based on near-infrared spectroscopy combined with deep learning","volume":"168","author":"Han","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-007-1348-2","article-title":"Methods of sample preparation for determination of pesticide residues in food matrices by chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry-based techniques: A review","volume":"389","author":"Lambropoulou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.137235","article-title":"Predicting wheat gluten concentrations in potato starch using GPR and SVM models built by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy","volume":"432","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1007\/s10812-020-01067-2","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative analyses of potassium sorbate in milk powder using terahertz spectra","volume":"87","author":"Lian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/2631-8695\/ada8f8","article-title":"Implementing W-Net deep learning for terahertz image enhancement and segmentation","volume":"7","author":"Mondal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Engineering Research Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2024.125452","article-title":"Discrimination of wheat gluten quality utilizing terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS)","volume":"328","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.34133\/2020\/2547609","article-title":"Terahertz imaging and spectroscopy in cancer diagnostics: A technical review","volume":"2020","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"BME Frontiers"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13010011","article-title":"Combining AI tools with non-destructive technologies for crop-based food safety: A comprehensive review","volume":"13","author":"Raki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.13109","article-title":"Nondestructive testing methods for pesticide residue in food commodities: A review","volume":"22","author":"Sindhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlastec.2025.112742","article-title":"Advanced machine learning models for inverse design and digital manufacturing of terahertz metasurfaces using femtosecond laser technology","volume":"186","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Optics & Laser Technology"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0105","first-page":"2186","article-title":"Monitoring of the physicochemical properties and aflatoxin of Aspergillus flavus-contaminated peanut kernels based on near-infrared spectroscopy combined with machine learning","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Foods (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2444","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18112444","article-title":"Defect recognition in composite materials using terahertz spectral imaging with ResNet18-SVM approach","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0115","article-title":"High-sensitivity terahertz gas sensor using graphene-enhanced metasurfaces with machine learning optimization","author":"Wekalao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plasmonics"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14132199","article-title":"Terahertz spectroscopy for food quality assessment: A comprehensive review","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2023.139771","article-title":"Combining spectroscopy and machine learning for rapid identification of plastic waste: Recent developments and future prospects","volume":"431","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119475","article-title":"Discrimination of corn variety using Terahertz spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods","volume":"252","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjph.2024.07.016","article-title":"Multi-functional switchable terahertz metasurface device prediction by K-nearest neighbor","volume":"91","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Physics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infrared.2024.105547","article-title":"Identification of millet origin using terahertz spectroscopy combined with ensemble learning","volume":"142","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Infrared Physics & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/hf-2023-0127","article-title":"Discrimination of five commercial Guibourtia wood species using terahertz time domain spectroscopy combined with machine learning approaches","volume":"78","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Holzforschung"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15100677","article-title":"Recent developments and applications of terahertz spectroscopy in food analysis","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2023.105790","article-title":"Age identification of the root of Huanren mountain cultivated ginseng and differentiation with cultivated ginseng using terahertz spectroscopy","volume":"125","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2025.343734","article-title":"Resonance features integration of multiple terahertz metamaterials sensors for qualification and quantification of trace fluoroquinolone antibiotics","volume":"1345","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Analytica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jarmap.2023.100518","article-title":"Development of a sensitive and user-friendly allele-specific PCR assay for adulteration detection of spices","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants"}],"container-title":["Journal of Food Protection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0362028X25002200?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0362028X25002200?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T16:09:28Z","timestamp":1773850168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0362028X25002200"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0362028X25002200"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668","relation":{},"ISSN":["0362-028X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0362-028X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Research on the Identification of Composite Spices Based on Terahertz Spectroscopy and Machine Learning Algorithms","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Food Protection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfp.2025.100668","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of International Association for Food Protection.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100668"}}