{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:08:41Z","timestamp":1787166521986,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T11:50:07Z","timestamp":1548849007000},"page":"88-94","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Bacteriologic profile and susceptibility pattern of mechanically ventilated paediatric patients with pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"El-Nawawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdy A.-F.","family":"Ramadan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manal A.-M.","family":"Antonios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9683-4530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shams A.-F.","family":"Arafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman","family":"Hamza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0005","unstructured":"WHO. Pneumonia \u2212fact sheet. Geneva: World Health Organization (updated November 2016). www.who.int [Accessed July 2018]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3702625","article-title":"Antibiotic utilization patterns in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia","author":"Chin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microb"},{"issue":"9875","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60222-6","article-title":"Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea","volume":"381","author":"Fischer-Walker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0174488","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174488","article-title":"Bacterial and viral pathogen spectra of acute respiratory infections in under 5 children in hospital settings in Dhaka city","volume":"12","author":"Bhuyan","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.1.262","article-title":"Clinical importance of delays in the initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"122","author":"Iregui","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-5229.83015","article-title":"Incidence, risk stratification, antibiogram of pathogens isolated and clinical outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"15","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0035","unstructured":"Guidelines for environmental infection control in healthcare facilities 2003. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov\/infectioncontrol\/guidelines\/environmental\/index.html. [Accessed July 2018]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0040","series-title":"Choosing the right antibacterial agent","first-page":"181","article-title":"Antibiotic Basics for Clinicians","author":"Hauser","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.15172\/pneu.2012.1\/228","article-title":"Viral and bacterial pathogens identification in children hospitalized for severe pneumonia and parapneumonic empyema","volume":"9","author":"Telles","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pneum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0050","unstructured":"CDC. Pneumonia (ventilator-associated VAP and non-ventilator-associated pneumonia PNEU event) 2018. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nhsn\/pdefs\/pscmanual6pscvapcurrentpdf. [Accessed July 2018]."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0055","first-page":"714","article-title":"What is ventilator-associated pneumonia and why is it important?","volume":"50","author":"Kollef","year":"2005","journal-title":"Resp Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e3181bc5b00","article-title":"Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in children in resource-limited setting: A comparative study of bronchoscopic and non-bronchoscopic methods","volume":"11","author":"Sachdev","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0065","unstructured":"Wayne PA. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for anti-microbial susceptibility testing; 26th international supplement. CLSI document 2016: M100\u2013S26."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x","article-title":"Multidrug resistant, extensively-drug resistant, and pandrug-resistant bacteria","volume":"8","author":"Magiorakos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microb Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1405870","article-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among US children","volume":"372","author":"Jain","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001009","article-title":"Etiology of pneumonia in a pediatric population with high pneumococcal vaccine coverage","volume":"35","author":"Berg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0085","article-title":"Etiology of community acquired pneumonia among children in India","volume":"5","author":"Mathew","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Global Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0090","first-page":"97","article-title":"Community acquired bacterial pneumonia: etiology, laboratory detection and antibiotic susceptibility pattern","volume":"36","author":"Akler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Malays J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12409","article-title":"Incidence and etiology of hospitalized acute respiratory infections in the Egyptian Delta","volume":"11","author":"Rowlinson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1556\/1886.2016.00022","article-title":"Microbial etiology of community-acquired pneumonia among infants and children admitted to the pediatric hospital, Ain-Shams University","volume":"6","author":"El-Seify","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0105","first-page":"3135","article-title":"Ventilator associated pneumonia: bacterial isolates and its antibiotic resistance pattern","volume":"4","author":"Krishnamurthy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Biol Med Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.15850\/amj.v3n2.772","article-title":"Pattern of bacteria and its susceptibility of ventilator-associated pneumonia patients in ICU at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General hospital, Bandung","volume":"3","author":"Jundi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Althea Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3329\/bccj.v2i2.24081","article-title":"Bacterial isolates from tracheal aspirates and their anti-microbial susceptibility in mechanically-ventilated children with pneumonia admitted to an urban critical care ward","volume":"2","author":"Shahunja","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bangladesh Crit Care J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.153566","article-title":"Superbugs causing ventilator-associated pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital and the return of pre-antibiotic era","volume":"33","author":"Qureshi","year":"2015","journal-title":"India J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0125","first-page":"932","article-title":"Antimicrobial treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"50","author":"Park","year":"2005","journal-title":"Resp Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000000300","article-title":"Bacteremia and pneumonia in a tertiary PICU","volume":"16","author":"Mathot","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028_bib0135","first-page":"e 070122","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors, clinico-microbiological profile, change in ventilator settings needed and outcome of 135 ventilator-associated pneumonia in PICU of a tertiary care center in Eastern India","volume":"7","author":"Manjhi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr Neonat Indiv Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213716519300359?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213716519300359?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T09:56:36Z","timestamp":1761990996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213716519300359"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["S2213716519300359"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-7165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-7165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bacteriologic profile and susceptibility pattern of mechanically ventilated paediatric patients with pneumonia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 International Society for Chemotherapy of Infection and Cancer. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}