{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:14:11Z","timestamp":1790662451433,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009647","name":"Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009647","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:36:31Z","timestamp":1740137791000},"page":"167-174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Second-line drug resistance among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: A laboratory-based surveillance"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0166-682X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Getu","family":"Diriba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5307-8774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayinalem","family":"Alemu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8505-7000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bazezew","family":"Yenew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4277-2247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Betselot Zerihun","family":"Ayano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Hailu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bedo","family":"Buta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanuel","family":"Wondimu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zigba","family":"Tefera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8180-1816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abyot","family":"Meaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Getachew","family":"Seid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muluwork","family":"Getahun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biniyam","family":"Dagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilina","family":"Mollalign","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeshiwork","family":"Abebaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melak","family":"Getu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengistu","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tegegn","family":"Belhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ephrem","family":"Alemu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9342-4747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minilik","family":"Demissie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashenafi","family":"Erresso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Getachew","family":"Aga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andargachew","family":"Kumsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taye","family":"Letta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saro","family":"Abdella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shewki","family":"Moga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mesay Hailu","family":"Dangisso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Getachew","family":"Tollera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gemechu","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0001","series-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2023","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0002","series-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2022","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0003","series-title":"WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis module 4: treatment drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment 2022 updat","first-page":"98","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0004","unstructured":"Federal Ministry Of Health(FMoH). Addendum to the National Guidelines for TB, DR-TB and Leprosy Management in Ethiopia, 7th Edition. 2023;(January):1\u201369."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-022-01941-5","article-title":"Resistance patterns among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients and trends-over-time analysis of national surveillance data in Gabon, Central Africa","volume":"51","author":"Abdul","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infection."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0006","unstructured":"Guidelines for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis 5th ed. 2015;481\u201396."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002658","article-title":"Towards national systems for continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance: lessons from tuberculosis","volume":"15","author":"Suthar","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S294559","article-title":"Drug resistance pattern of m. Tuberculosis complex in oromia region of ethiopia","volume":"14","author":"Bedru","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2022.08.012","article-title":"Pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia : a laboratory-based surveillance study","volume":"5","author":"Diriba","year":"2022","journal-title":"IJID Reg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245687","article-title":"The epidemiology of first and second-line drug-resistance mycobacterium tuberculosis complex common species: evidence from selected TB treatment initiating centers in Ethiopia","volume":"16","author":"Dagne","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236362","article-title":"Characteristics of pulmonary multidrugresistant tuberculosis patients in Tigray Region, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Welekidan","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229040","article-title":"The burden of pre-extensively and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis among MDR-TB patients in the Amhara region, Ethiopia","volume":"15","author":"Shibabaw","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0013","first-page":"41","article-title":"VNU. Pre\u2011extensively drug\u2011resistant tuberculosis among pulmonary multidrug\u2011resistant tuberculosis patients in Eastern Nigeria","volume":"35","author":"Nwachukwu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian Chest Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1069292","article-title":"Analysis of drug resistance among difficult-to-treat tuberculosis patients in Ghana identifies several pre-XDR TB cases","volume":"13","author":"Otchere","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-2994-3-31","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia: efforts to expand diagnostic services, treatment and care","volume":"3","author":"Biadglegne","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2023.04.392","article-title":"Epidemiology of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"132","author":"Diriba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02919","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02919-20","article-title":"Bedaquiline drug resistance emergence assessment in prospective In vitro surveillance study of Bedaquiline and other","volume":"60","author":"Kaniga","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.01.007","article-title":"Reduced susceptibility and resistance to bedaquiline in clinical M. tuberculosis isolates","volume":"80","author":"Peretokina","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.11.018","article-title":"The emerging threat of fluroquinolone-, bedaquiline-, and linezolid-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis in China: observations on surveillance data","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00995-8","article-title":"Prevalence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a Chinese multidrug-resistant TB cohort after redefinition","volume":"10","author":"Yao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-023-00568-0","article-title":"Investigation of bedaquiline resistance and genetic mutations in multi-drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Chongqing, China","volume":"22","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01113-06","article-title":"First linezolid-resistant clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"51","author":"Richter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1168_19","article-title":"Linezolid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates at a tertiary care centre in Mumbai, India","volume":"154","author":"Nambiar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11071927","article-title":"Investigation of clofazimine resistance and genetic mutations in drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates","volume":"11","author":"Park","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.01.005","article-title":"Defining Bedaquiline susceptibility, resistance, cross-resistance and associated genetic determinants: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"28","author":"Ismail","year":"2018","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2953","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S408567","article-title":"Profile and frequency of mutations conferring drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Central, Southeastern and eastern Ethiopia","volume":"16","author":"Agonafir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0387","article-title":"Risk factors for extensive drug resistance in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases: a case-case study","volume":"22","author":"Guglielmetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu572","article-title":"Extensive drug resistance acquired during treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"59","author":"Cegielski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mallick J.S., Nair P., Abbew E.T., Deun A Van, Decroo T. JAC- Antimicrobial Resistance acquired bedaquiline resistance during the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review. 2022;","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlac029"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.10.081","article-title":"Acquisition of clofazimine resistance following bedaquiline treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"102","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.52225\/narra.v3i3.407","article-title":"Profile and risk factors of pre-XDR-TB and XDR-TB patients in a national reference hospital for Sumatra region of Indonesia","volume":"3","author":"Sinulingga","year":"2023","journal-title":"Narra J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213716525000487?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213716525000487?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T13:59:56Z","timestamp":1762610396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213716525000487"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S2213716525000487"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-7165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-7165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Second-line drug resistance among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: A laboratory-based surveillance","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgar.2025.02.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}