{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T16:08:30Z","timestamp":1790179710480,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024370","name":"Ministero dell'Istruzione dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024370","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:47:56Z","timestamp":1786117676000},"page":"470-478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Unveiling Ranalexin-1G activity against polymicrobial skin infections"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5955-4495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Della Marca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7991-8700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Zannella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6430-9343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Capasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Chianese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6789-7057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Monti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nunzianna","family":"Doti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"De Filippis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1576-6290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Galdiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14635","article-title":"Management of oral herpes simplex virus infections: the problem of resistance: a narrative review","volume":"30","author":"Piperi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(02)01563-0","article-title":"Staphylococcus epidermidis infections","volume":"4","author":"Vuong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2023.07.014","article-title":"Staphylococcus epidermidis bloodstream infections are a cause of septic shock in intensive care unit patients","volume":"135","author":"Demiselle","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00281","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides and their therapeutic potential for bacterial skin infections and wounds","volume":"9","author":"Pfalzgraff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2003.07.022","article-title":"Antiviral activity of antimicrobial cationic peptides against Junin virus and herpes simplex virus","volume":"23","author":"Albiol Matanic","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.02.002","article-title":"The antimicrobial peptide dermaseptin S4 inhibits HIV-1 infectivity in vitro","volume":"334","author":"Lorin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23450","article-title":"In vitro antiviral activity of dermaseptin S(4) and derivatives from amphibian skin against herpes simplex virus type 2","volume":"85","author":"Bergaoui","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02367-17","article-title":"The amphibian antimicrobial peptide temporin B inhibits in vitro herpes simplex virus 1 infection","volume":"62","author":"Marcocci","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2016.1194401","article-title":"Anti-biofilm properties of the antimicrobial peptide temporin 1Tb and its ability, in combination with EDTA, to eradicate Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms on silicone catheters","volume":"32","author":"Maisetta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)01754-3","article-title":"Antibacterial activities of temporin A analogs","volume":"479","author":"Wade","year":"2000","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104519","article-title":"Brevinin-2PN, an antimicrobial peptide identified from dark-spotted frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus), exhibits wound-healing activity","volume":"137","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14100722","article-title":"Peptides isolated from amphibian skin secretions with emphasis on antimicrobial peptides","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2012.03.029","article-title":"The hymenochirins: a family of host-defense peptides from the Congo dwarf clawed frog Hymenochirus boettgeri (Pipidae)","volume":"35","author":"Mechkarska","year":"2012","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1021\/cr4006704","article-title":"The chemistry and biological activities of peptides from amphibian skin secretions","volume":"115","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(00)00107-5","article-title":"Purification and characterization of antimicrobial and vasorelaxant peptides from skin extracts and skin secretions of the North American pig frog Rana grylio","volume":"90","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4273","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27134273","article-title":"Natural formulations based on Olea europaea L. fruit extract for the topical treatment of HSV-1 infections","volume":"27","author":"Cometa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3184","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16950-x","article-title":"An amphipathic peptide with antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria","volume":"11","author":"Elliott","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020883","article-title":"The broad-spectrum antiviral potential of the amphibian peptide AR-23","volume":"23","author":"Chianese","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0019","article-title":"Early viral entry assays for the identification and evaluation of antiviral compounds","volume":"105","author":"Tai","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/9389729","article-title":"Repurposing the antibacterial activity of the drug teniposide against gram-positive bacteria","volume":"2024","author":"Dell\u2019Annunziata","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1569719","article-title":"The inhibitory potential of three scorpion venom peptides against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pnemoniae","volume":"16","author":"Giugliano","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0022","first-page":"433","article-title":"Influence of Staphylococcus aureus attachment to the herpes simplex virus infected cells","volume":"56","author":"Bleotu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00685-23","article-title":"Differentiation of keratinocytes or exposure to type 2 cytokines diminishes S. aureus internalization","volume":"9","author":"Morgenstern","year":"2024","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1009415","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptide human \u03b2-defensin-2 improves in vitro cellular viability and reduces pro-inflammatory effects induced by enteroinvasive Escherichia coli in Caco-2 cells by inhibiting invasion and virulence factors\u2019 expression","volume":"12","author":"Fusco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.108253","article-title":"Anti-virulence activity and immunomodulation of Oreoch-1 against enteroinvasive Escherichia coli infection","volume":"211","author":"Palma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42473","article-title":"Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) regulate IL-6 over-production during concomitant influenza virus and Staphylococcus aureus infection","volume":"7","author":"Klemm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1009415","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptide human beta-defensin-2 improves in vitro cellular viability and reduces pro-inflammatory effects induced by enteroinvasive Escherichia coli in Caco-2 cells by inhibiting invasion and virulence factors\u2019 expression","volume":"12","author":"Fusco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16040509","article-title":"Hylin-a1: a host defense peptide with antibacterial potential against Staphylococcus aureus multi-resistant strains","volume":"16","author":"Chianese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jambio\/lxae165","article-title":"The antiherpetic and anti-inflammatory activity of the frog-derived peptide hylin-a1","volume":"135","author":"Chianese","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0030","first-page":"14","article-title":"HSV membrane glycoproteins, their function in viral entry and their use in vaccine studies","volume":"43","author":"Stelitano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Amino Acids: Pept Proteins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdrv.2024.07.007","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus: an immunopathologic review","volume":"1","author":"Scott","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAAD Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.930629","article-title":"Efficiency of antimicrobial peptides against multidrug-resistant staphylococcal pathogens","volume":"13","author":"Le","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0033","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection facilitates invasion of Staphylococcus aureus into the nasal mucosa and nasal polyp tissue","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-015-0975-7","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus (HSV) modulation of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans initiation of HeLa 299 cell-associated biofilm","volume":"72","author":"Plotkin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.01.016","article-title":"In vivo efficacy of the antimicrobial peptide ranalexin in combination with the endopeptidase lysostaphin against wound and systemic meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections","volume":"35","author":"Desbois","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"}],"container-title":["Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213716526001347?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213716526001347?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T15:51:27Z","timestamp":1790178687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213716526001347"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S2213716526001347"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-7165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-7165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Unveiling Ranalexin-1G activity against polymicrobial skin infections","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgar.2026.07.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}