{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T12:28:06Z","timestamp":1793276886128,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015826","name":"Korean Society of Ginseng","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00340542"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00340542"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022R1C1C1006334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1C1C1006334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ginseng Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:12:41Z","timestamp":1771891961000},"page":"101016","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Therapeutic potential of panax ginseng-derived nanovesicles in osteoporosis through enhanced osteoblast"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Sang-Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-Hee","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se Hwan","family":"Mun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwang-Won","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Do-Kyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young-Eun","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib1","first-page":"126","volume":"vol.425","author":"Lin","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4704-5","volume":"30","author":"Kanis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2187","article-title":"Osteoclast\u2010derived complement component 3a stimulates osteoblast differentiation","volume":"29","author":"Matsuoka","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib4","series-title":"Effects of vanillic acid on the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells","author":"Seo","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.23.3.0465","article-title":"Sex steroids and the construction and conservation of the adult skeleton","volume":"23","author":"Riggs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.5124\/jkma.2019.62.10.542","article-title":"Pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"62","author":"Chun","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Korean Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/S0963-9969(02)00101-1","article-title":"Effects of soybean ethanol extract on the prostaglandin E2 and interleukin-6 production in osteoblastic cells","volume":"35","author":"Choi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2753","article-title":"Melanoma exosomes educate bone marrow progenitor cells toward a pro-metastatic phenotype through MET","volume":"18","author":"Peinado","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-animal-020518-115300","article-title":"Milk-derived exosomes and metabolic regulation","volume":"7","author":"Zempleni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rev Anim Biosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v4.27575","article-title":"Potential functional applications of extracellular vesicles: a report by the NIH common fund extracellular RNA communication consortium","volume":"4","author":"Quesenberry","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Extracell Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib11","series-title":"Plant derived edible nanoparticles as a new therapeutic approach against diseases Tissue barriers 4 e1134415","author":"Zhang","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2023.114774","article-title":"Microbiota and plant-derived vesicles that serve as therapeutic agents and delivery carriers to regulate metabolic syndrome","volume":"196","author":"Niu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2025.108832","article-title":"Plant-derived nanovesicles and therapeutic application","author":"Jung","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmacol Therapeut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201211138","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles: exosomes, microvesicles, and friends","volume":"200","author":"Raposo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib15","first-page":"285","article-title":"Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles as promising biotherapeutic tools: recent advances and challenges","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Smart Mater Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib16","series-title":"The use of hydrogel microspheres as cell and drug delivery carriers for bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration Biomaterials Translational 5 236","author":"Lin","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib17","series-title":"Engineering bone organoids: recent advances and future prospects Organoid Research 1 025330027","author":"Wang","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib18","first-page":"227","article-title":"Effects of cultivated wild Panax ginseng extract on the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells Korean Journal of plant Resources","volume":"33","author":"Seo","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib19","article-title":"Therapeutic applications of ginseng natural compounds for health management International journal of molecular sciences","volume":"24","author":"Ahmad","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5798","DOI":"10.1039\/D2NR07018A","article-title":"Ginseng-derived exosome-like nanovesicles extracted by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation to inhibit osteoclast differentiation","volume":"15","author":"Seo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2014.12.039","article-title":"Aqueous ginseng extract has a preventive role in RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Funct Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5828","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115828","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of ginsenosides on bone metabolism: a review of osteoporosis, periodontal disease and osteoarthritis","volume":"25","author":"Ko","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib23","series-title":"Research progress of the mechanisms and applications of ginsenosides in promoting bone formation Phytomedicine 155604","author":"Li","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib24","first-page":"1835","article-title":"Prevention of bone loss by Panax ginseng in a rat model of inflammation-induced bone loss","volume":"59","author":"Avsar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033733","article-title":"Panax ginseng modulates cytokines in bone marrow toxicity and myelopoiesis: ginsenoside Rg1 partially supports myelopoiesis","volume":"7","author":"Raghavendran","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5146","article-title":"Stimulative effect of ginsenosides Rg5: Rk1 on murine osteoblastic MC3T3\u2010E1 cells","volume":"28","author":"Siddiqi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of ginsenosides on bone remodelling for novel drug applications: a review Chinese Medicine","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2017.10.004","article-title":"Pharmacological and medical applications of Panax ginseng and ginsenosides: a review for use in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"42","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of ginseng research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.01.071","article-title":"Yam-derived exosome-like nanovesicles stimulate osteoblast formation and prevent osteoporosis in mice","volume":"355","author":"Hwang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Contr Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2023.K.0060","article-title":"Pomegranate-derived exosome-like nanovesicles alleviate binge alcohol-induced leaky gut and liver injury","volume":"26","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Food"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib31","article-title":"Ginseng-derived exosome-like nanovesicles protect against liver fibrosis by regulating TIMP2 pathways and gut dysbiosis","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Asian J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2014.06.017","article-title":"The great beauty of the osteoclast","volume":"558","author":"Cappariello","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.07.012","article-title":"Pomegranate prevents binge alcohol-induced gut leakiness and hepatic inflammation by suppressing oxidative and nitrative stress","volume":"18","author":"Cho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.02.005","article-title":"Apoptosis of enterocytes and nitration of junctional complex proteins promote alcohol-induced gut leakiness and liver injury","volume":"69","author":"Cho","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30652","article-title":"Fructose promotes leaky gut, endotoxemia, and liver fibrosis through ethanol\u2010inducible cytochrome P450\u20102E1\u2013mediated oxidative and nitrative stress","volume":"73","author":"Cho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5490","DOI":"10.1039\/D3BM00591G","article-title":"Aloe-derived nanovesicles attenuate inflammation and enhance tight junction proteins for acute colitis treatment","volume":"11","author":"Choi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomater Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/app.56220","article-title":"Colon\u2010adhesive poly (maleic anhydride)\u2010sirolimus conjugate alleviates local colitis inflammation","volume":"141","author":"Choi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Appl Polym Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9955","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23179955","article-title":"Hemp-derived nanovesicles protect leaky gut and liver injury in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis","volume":"23","author":"Eom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10091386","article-title":"Ellagic acid prevents binge alcohol-induced leaky gut and liver injury through inhibiting gut dysbiosis and oxidative stress","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib40","series-title":"Utility of edible plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles as a novel delivery platform for vaccine antigen delivery Vaccine 52 126902","author":"Kim","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2017.01.010","article-title":"Effects of ginseng on stress-related depression, anxiety, and the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of ginseng research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2023-0100","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rg2 inhibits osteoclastogenesis by downregulating the NFATc1, c-Fos, and MAPK pathways","volume":"56","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMB Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15092107","article-title":"2023 Plum-derived Exosome-like nanovesicles induce differentiation of osteoblasts and reduction of osteoclast activation","volume":"15","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25103","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R109.041087","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone remodeling","volume":"285","author":"Raggatt","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2022.K.0094","article-title":"The effect of apple-derived nanovesicles on the osteoblastogenesis of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells","volume":"26","author":"Sim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Food"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib46","first-page":"238","article-title":"The effect of BMP regulated SMAD protein on alkaline phosphatase gene expression","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of the Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112874","article-title":"Anti-osteoporotic effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge EtOH extract both in ovariectomized and naturally menopausal mouse models","volume":"258","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib48","first-page":"228","article-title":"Astragalin promotes osteoblastic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells and bone formation in vivo Frontiers in endocrinology","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/3001478","article-title":"Multiple range and multiple F tests","volume":"11","author":"Duncan","year":"1955","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8262","DOI":"10.3390\/app12168262","article-title":"Plant exosomal vesicles: perspective information nanocarriers in biomedicine","volume":"12","author":"Shkryl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2017.04.009","article-title":"Functional role of ginseng-derived compounds in cancer","volume":"42","author":"Ahuja","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of ginseng research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2021.03.009","article-title":"Korean Red ginseng exerts anti-inflammatory and autophagy-promoting activities in aged mice","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Ginseng Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2020.09.006","article-title":"The antioxidant activities of Korean Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng) and ginsenosides: a systemic review through in vivo and clinical trials","volume":"45","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of ginseng research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25071492","article-title":"Korean red ginseng plays an anti-aging role by modulating expression of aging-related genes and immune cell subsets","volume":"25","author":"Shin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C734","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1998.274.3.C734","article-title":"Basic fibroblast growth factor destabilizes osteonectin mRNA in osteoblasts","volume":"274","author":"Delany","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1080\/08977190412331279890","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Growth Factors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3185","article-title":"Insights into the regulation of protein abundance from proteomic and transcriptomic analyses","volume":"13","author":"Vogel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib58","series-title":"Research status and challenges of plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy 174 116543","author":"Bai","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70974","article-title":"Plant\u2010derived exosome-like nanoparticles: innovative nanomedicine for therapeutic applications","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ginseng Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1226845326000424?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1226845326000424?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:27:52Z","timestamp":1777876072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1226845326000424"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1226845326000424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1226-8453"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1226-8453","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Therapeutic potential of panax ginseng-derived nanovesicles in osteoporosis through enhanced osteoblast","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ginseng Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgr.2026.101016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Korean Society of Ginseng. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101016"}}