{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T06:21:57Z","timestamp":1781763717089,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]],"date-time":"2008-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hazardous Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,21]],"date-time":"2008-03-21T04:41:00Z","timestamp":1206074460000},"page":"247-255","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":155,"title":["Immobilization of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Cd, Mn) in the mineral additions containing concrete composites"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Giergiczny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Kr\u00f3l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2005.12.008","article-title":"Assessment of long-term leaching from waste incineration air-pollution-control residues","volume":"26","author":"Astrup","year":"2006","journal-title":"Waste Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib2","series-title":"Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement \u201cCement's Contribution on the Development in the 21st Century\u201d","first-page":"2178","article-title":"Influence of heavy metals on the properties of cement and concrete\u2014binding mechanisms and fixation","author":"Stephan","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2006.01.030","article-title":"High durability cementitious material with mineral admixtures and carbonation curing","volume":"26","author":"Watanabe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Waste Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib4","series-title":"Proceedings of the 10th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement, vol. 4","article-title":"Studies on immobilization of heavy metals in cement paste\u2014CSH leaching behavior","author":"Nocu\u0144-Wczelik","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib5","series-title":"Cement Chemistry","author":"Taylor","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib6","series-title":"Proceedings of the Fourth National Conference Hazardous Wastes and Hazardous Materials","first-page":"140","article-title":"Fixation of metallic ions in Portland cement","author":"Bhatty","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1680\/adcr.2001.13.4.139","article-title":"Performance of cement concrete with mineral admixtures","volume":"13","author":"Bapat","year":"2001","journal-title":"Advances in Cement Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib8","series-title":"Proceedings of Fourth International Conference \u201cFly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete\u201d","first-page":"24","article-title":"The properties of cements containing fly ash together with other admixtures","author":"Giergiczny","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2004.09.008","article-title":"Hydration of fly ash cement","volume":"35","author":"Sakai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cement and Concrete Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib10","series-title":"Ninth International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement","first-page":"114","article-title":"Application of cements to the treatment and conditioning of toxic wastes","author":"Glasser","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib11","series-title":"Proceeding of the International Conference on Environmental Implication of Construction Materials and Technology Developments","first-page":"77","article-title":"Immobilization potential of cementious materials","author":"Glasser","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-053X(96)00072-4","article-title":"Ettringite and C\u2013S\u2013H Portland cement phases for waste ion immobilization: a review","volume":"4","author":"Gougar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Waste Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8846(92)90082-7","article-title":"Effect of adsorbents on the leachability of cement bonded electroplating wastes","volume":"22","author":"Tam\u00e1s","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cement and Concrete Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(99)00144-1","article-title":"Interactions between lead and different binders","volume":"29","author":"Thevenin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cement and Concrete Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib15","series-title":"Cement Principles of Production and Use","author":"Locher","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib16","unstructured":"EN 12457-1-4:2002, Characterization of waste \u2013 leaching \u2013 compliance test for leaching of granular waste materials and sludges\u2014Part 4: one stage batch at a liquid to solid ratio of 10l\/kg for materials with particle size below 10mm (without or with size reduction)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib17","unstructured":"Council Decision (2003\/33\/EC) of 19 December 2002 establishing criteria and procedures for the acceptance of waste at landfills pursuant to Article 16 of and Annex II to Directive 1999\/31\/EC."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib18","first-page":"271","article-title":"High calcium fly ash","volume":"5","author":"Giergiczny","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cement Lime Concrete"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib19","first-page":"35","article-title":"Effect of fly ash from different sources on the properties of hardened cement composites","volume":"3\u20134","author":"Giergiczny","year":"2005","journal-title":"Silicates Industriets, Ceramic Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib20","series-title":"Cements With Mineral Additives in Modern Concrete Technology","author":"Giergiczny","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib21","series-title":"Blast Furnace Slag Cement for Durable Marine Structures","author":"Bijen","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib22","unstructured":"Council Directive (75\/440\/EEC) concerning the quality required of surface water intended for the abstraction of drinking water in the Member States."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib23","unstructured":"Council Directive (98\/83\/EC) on the quality of water intended for human consumption."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1680\/adcr.1999.11.3.111","article-title":"Effect of PbII and CrVI ions on the hydration of slag alkaline cement and the immobilization of these heavy metal ions","volume":"3","author":"Cho","year":"1999","journal-title":"Advances in Cement Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8846(96)00070-1","article-title":"Leachability of lead from solidified cement-fly ash binders","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cement and Concrete Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(00)00287-8","article-title":"Comparison of the characteristic leaching behavior of cements using standard (EN 196-1) cement mortar and an assessment of their long-term environmental behavior in construction products during service life and recycling","volume":"20","author":"Van der Sloot","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cement and Concrete Research"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hazardous Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304389408003543?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304389408003543?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T09:34:58Z","timestamp":1557394498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304389408003543"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0304389408003543"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.03.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3894"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3894","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}}}