{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T15:54:27Z","timestamp":1770566067724,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,1]],"date-time":"2012-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hazardous Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,7]],"date-time":"2012-08-07T22:44:53Z","timestamp":1344379493000},"page":"201-209","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Spatial distribution and temporal variation of high fluoride contents in groundwater and prevalence of fluorosis in humans in Yuanmou County, Southwest China"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"235-236","author":[{"given":"Huafang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuefei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dietrich","family":"Schmidt-Vogt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunfen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianchu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.06.018","article-title":"Geochemical factors controlling the occurrence of high fluoride groundwater in the Nagar Parkar area, Sindh, Pakistan","volume":"171","author":"Rafique","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0010","series-title":"Fluoride in Dentistry","author":"Fejerskov","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0015","series-title":"Fluoride and the Oral Environment","author":"Buzalaf","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2004.10.003","article-title":"Fluoride metabolism and fluorosis","volume":"33","author":"Browne","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0025","first-page":"84","article-title":"Effect of fluoride in drinking water on children's intelligence","volume":"36","author":"Xiang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fluoride"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0030","first-page":"120","article-title":"Research on the intellectual development of children in high fluoride areas","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fluoride"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0035","first-page":"125","article-title":"A preliminary investigation of the IQs of 7\u201313year-old children from an area with coal burning-related fluoride poisoning","volume":"41","author":"Guo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fluoride"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0040","first-page":"144","article-title":"Report on the intellectual ability of children living in high-fluoride water areas","volume":"41","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fluoride"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1023\/B:EGAH.0000004579.54947.e7","article-title":"Potential fluoride contamination in the drinking water of Naranji area, NorthWest Frontier Province, Pakistan","volume":"25","author":"Shah","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.10.052","article-title":"Coal-burning roasted corn and chili as the cause of dental fluorosis for children in southwestern China","volume":"185","author":"Luo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1080\/009841001455526","article-title":"Widespread risks of dental fluorosis in cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) residing on petrochemical waste sites","volume":"62","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0060","first-page":"44","article-title":"Dental and early-stage skeletal fluorosis in children induced by fluoride in brick-tea","volume":"38","author":"Cao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fluoride"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pce.2007.07.050","article-title":"A study of fluoride groundwater occurrence in Nathenje, Lilongwe, Malawi","volume":"32","author":"Msonda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Earth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s00254-003-0873-3","article-title":"Fluoride incidence in groundwater in an area of Peninsular India","volume":"45","author":"Rao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-007-0011-x","article-title":"Fluoride contamination in drinking water in rural habitations of Northern Rajasthan, India","volume":"145","author":"Suthar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s001289900763","article-title":"Occurrence of endemic fluorosis in human population of North Gujarat, India: human health risk","volume":"61","author":"Barot","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-5162(98)00064-0","article-title":"Issues of health and disease relating to coal use in southwestern China","volume":"40","author":"Zheng","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Coal Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-008-9196-3","article-title":"Fluoride distribution in groundwater and survey of dental fluorosis among school children in the villages of the Jhajjar District of Haryana, India","volume":"31","author":"Yadav","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-557X.77259","article-title":"An epidemiological study on fluorosis in an urban slum area of Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India","volume":"54","author":"Nirgude","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0100","first-page":"206","article-title":"Endemic fluorosis in five villages of the Palamau District, Jharkhand, India","volume":"41","author":"Srikanth","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fluoride"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0105","first-page":"72","article-title":"Fluoride and endemic fluorosis in the Karbianglong district, Assam, India","volume":"41","author":"Kotoky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fluoride"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0110","first-page":"171","article-title":"Fluorosis in subjects belonging to different ethnic groups of Rajasthan (India)","volume":"39","author":"Choubisa","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Commun. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0115","series-title":"Ministry of Health of China, China Health Statistical Yearbook 2010","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-006-9062-0","article-title":"Dental fluorosis associated with drinking water from hot springs in Choma district in southern province, Zambia","volume":"29","author":"Shitumbanuma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2010.0046","article-title":"Associations between fluorosis of permanent incisors and fluoride intake from infant formula, other dietary sources and dentifrice during early childhood","volume":"141","author":"Levy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Dent. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1428-6","article-title":"Skeletal fluorosis due to excessive tea and toothpaste consumption","volume":"22","author":"Joshi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2007.00328.x","article-title":"Fluoride ingestion from toothpaste and diet in 1-to 3-year-old Brazilian children","volume":"35","author":"de Almeida","year":"2007","journal-title":"Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s00254-007-0983-4","article-title":"Fluoride contents in groundwaters and the main consumed foods (dates and tea) in Southern Algeria region","volume":"55","author":"Messaitfa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0145","first-page":"183","article-title":"Assessment of the exposure to fluoride from drinking water in Durango, Mexico, using a geographic information system","volume":"31","author":"Ortiz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Fluoride"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1023\/B:EGAH.0000004560.47697.91","article-title":"Distribution and risk assessment of fluoride in drinking water in the west plain region of Jilin province, China","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-006-9076-7","article-title":"A health risk assessment for fluoride in Central Europe","volume":"29","author":"Fordyce","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1999.00405.x","article-title":"Distribution of fluoride and fluorosis in Ethiopia and prospects for control","volume":"4","author":"Kloos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00254-007-1148-1","article-title":"Temporal variations of fluoride concentration in Isparta public water system and health impact assessment (SW-Turkey)","volume":"56","author":"Davraz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00192160","article-title":"Changes of the prevalence of endemic fluorosis after changing water sources in 2 villages in Guangdong, China","volume":"51","author":"Chen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2011.10.041","article-title":"Pronounced reduction of fluoride exposure in free-ranging deer in North Bohemia (Czech Republic) as indicated by the biomarkers skeletal fluoride content and dental fluorosis","volume":"414","author":"Kierdorf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.10.012","article-title":"Historical biomonitoring of fluoride pollution by determining fluoride contents in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) antlers and mandibles in the vicinity of the largest Slovene thermal power plant","volume":"409","author":"Jelenko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1006\/jare.2001.0851","article-title":"Climate change and causes in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley of Yunnan, China","volume":"51","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Arid Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0190","unstructured":"The CDC of Yuanmou County, Project Report on Endemic Fluorosis Prevention and Mitigation in Yuanmou County, 2006, Unpublished results."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0195","first-page":"29","article-title":"Analysis of three dental fluorosis indexes used in epidemiologic trials","volume":"10","author":"Pereira","year":"1999","journal-title":"Braz. Dent. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0200","unstructured":"Ministry of Health of The People's Republic of China, A Program Scheme of Monitoring on Endemic Fluorosis Induced by Drinking Water in China, http:\/\/www.moh.gov.cn\/publicfiles\/business\/htmlfiles\/mohjbyfkzj\/s5874\/200909\/42691.htm (accessed July 2012)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.79.5.565","article-title":"Trends in dental fluorosis and dental caries prevalence in Newburgh and Kingston, New York","volume":"79","author":"Kumar","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0210","first-page":"45","article-title":"Recommendations for the use of fluoride in caries prevention","volume":"1","author":"Zimmer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oral Health Prev. Dent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0215","series-title":"Using ArcGIS Spatial Analyst","author":"McCoy","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0220","series-title":"GIS in Public Health Practice","author":"Maheswaran","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0225","series-title":"Analyzing Crime Patterns: Frontiers of Practice","first-page":"77","article-title":"Identifying crime hot spots using kernel smoothing","author":"McLafferty","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1080\/08120090701188988","article-title":"Controls on the genesis of a high-fluoride thermal spring: Innot Hot Springs, North Queensland","volume":"54","author":"Lottermoser","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aust. J. Earth Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0235","first-page":"26","article-title":"The control factors of the F formation in ground-water and its distributive regularity","volume":"16","author":"Zeng","year":"1997","journal-title":"Jinlin Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s00254-002-0702-0","article-title":"Fluoride variations in groundwater of an area in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina","volume":"44","author":"Kruse","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0245","unstructured":"L. Yu, A Study of the Occurrence and Origins of Fluoride in Thermal Groundwater in Some Areas of China, Thesis of Master Degree, Chinese University of Geosciences, Beijing, 2007, p. 73, http:\/\/dlib.cnki.net\/kns50\/detail.aspx?QueryID=15&CurRec=11 (accessed December 2011)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0250","first-page":"503","article-title":"The occurrence and distribution of fluoride in groundwaters of Kenya","volume":"61","author":"Nair","year":"1984","journal-title":"East Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/02772240701456091","article-title":"Studies on geological background and source of fluorine in drinking water in the North China Plate fluorosis areas","volume":"90","author":"Luo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol. Environ. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014491915537","article-title":"Fluoride in groundwater in selected villages in Eritrea (North East Africa)","volume":"75","author":"Srikanth","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0265","first-page":"979","article-title":"Fluoride contamination in groundwaters of Sonbhadra District, Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"96","author":"Raju","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1080\/10643380600678112","article-title":"Fluoride in drinking water: a review on the status and stress effects","volume":"36","author":"Ayoob","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1023\/B:EGAH.0000004560.47697.91","article-title":"Distribution and risk assessment of fluoride in drinking water in the west plain region of Jilin province, China","volume":"25","author":"Bo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0280","first-page":"407","article-title":"Discussion of high-fluorine groundwater's formation and reducing the content of fluorine by changing water in Gangdi area in the north of Hubei","volume":"21","author":"Lang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Res. Environ. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0285","first-page":"645","article-title":"Geological environment characteristics of potable water endemic fluorosis areas in Northeast China and the prevention and control measures","volume":"37","author":"Cai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Geol. China"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0290","first-page":"161","article-title":"Surveillance on endemic fluorosis of drinking water type in China: a two-year report of 2003 and 2004","volume":"26","author":"Group of Monitoring for National Endemic Fluorosis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chin. J. Endemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0295","unstructured":"Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, A Report on Endemic Fluorosis Monitoring in China in 2009, http:\/\/www.hrbmu.edu.cn\/crcfedc\/jcF.htm (accessed December 2011)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2009.01.038","article-title":"Relationship between fluoride intake in Serbian children living in two areas with different natural levels of fluorides and occurrence of dental fluorosis","volume":"47","author":"Mandinic","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.1995.1004","article-title":"Endemic fluorosis in San-Luis-Potosi, Mexico. 1. Identification of risk-factors associated with human exposure to fluoride","volume":"68","author":"Grimaldo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015986410685","article-title":"Reversal of fluoride induced cell injury through elimination of fluoride and consumption of diet rich in essential nutrients and antioxidants","volume":"234","author":"Susheela","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s007840000090","article-title":"An attempt to explain why Tanzanian children drinking water containing 0.2 or 3.6mg fluoride per liter exhibit a similar level of dental fluorosis","volume":"4","author":"Awadia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/117.12.2086","article-title":"Influence of type and level of dietary-protein on fluoride bioavailability in the rat","volume":"117","author":"Boyde","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042_bib0325","first-page":"649","article-title":"The impact of economic status on children drinking-water type fluorosis and dietary nutrients intake","volume":"27","author":"Feng","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Prevent. Med. Inf."}],"container-title":["Journal of Hazardous Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S030438941200773X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S030438941200773X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]],"date-time":"2019-07-02T12:18:59Z","timestamp":1562069939000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S030438941200773X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["S030438941200773X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.07.042","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3894"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3894","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}}}