{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T18:47:19Z","timestamp":1773946039208,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal-of-hepatology.eu","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]],"date-time":"2021-01-18T00:29:48Z","timestamp":1610929788000},"page":"1407-1415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Safety and efficacy of in\u00a0vitro fertilisation in patients with chronic liver disease and liver transplantation recipients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7733-8278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mussarat N.","family":"Rahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8136-3927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleni","family":"Theocharidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine Gar","family":"Yen Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3614-0123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Refah","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flevin","family":"Marattukalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary D.","family":"Cannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Heneghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.430","article-title":"ACG clinical guideline: liver disease and pregnancy","volume":"111","author":"Tran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.31.3.337","article-title":"Recovery of menstruation and pregnancy after liver transplantation","volume":"31","author":"Cundy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199608270-00009","article-title":"Gynecological and reproductive function after liver transplantation","volume":"62","author":"Mass","year":"1996","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25717","article-title":"Pregnancy in liver transplantation","volume":"26","author":"Rahim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib5","first-page":"265","article-title":"Prolactin cells in the hypophysis of cirrhotic patients","volume":"94","author":"Jung","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.2.202","article-title":"Amenorrhoea in women with non-alcoholic chronic liver disease","volume":"32","author":"Cundy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20812","article-title":"Sexual functioning in patients with end-stage liver disease before and after transplantation","volume":"12","author":"Sorrell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2009.03.073","article-title":"Menstrual function in female liver transplant recipients of reproductive age","volume":"41","author":"Jabiry-Zieniewicz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transpl Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1159\/000200352","article-title":"Normalization of menstrual pattern after liver transplantation: consequences for contraception","volume":"46","author":"De Koning","year":"1990","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181e1f1f6","article-title":"Sexual dysfunction in chronic liver disease: is liver transplantation an effective cure?","volume":"89","author":"Burra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200207000-00012","article-title":"A\u00a0severe case of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome with liver dysfunction and malnutrition","volume":"14","author":"Davis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)60029-8","article-title":"Transient liver function tests abnormalities in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","volume":"50","author":"Younis","year":"1988","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib13","first-page":"5","article-title":"A\u00a0rare complication of acute hepatic dysfunction associated with severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome following in\u00a0vitro oocyte retrieval","volume":"124","author":"Kasaven","year":"2017","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137103","article-title":"Acute prerenal failure and liver dysfunction in a patient with severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Balasch","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1093\/HUMREP\/11.3.588","article-title":"Elevated liver function tests in a case of moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Wakim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)53348-2","article-title":"Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome using agonists of gonadotropin-releasing hormone for in\u00a0vitro fertilization: a European series and a proposal for prevention","volume":"53","author":"Forman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.1.66","article-title":"Relationships of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor with liver dysfunction in severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1995.tb01084.x","article-title":"Successful in\u00a0vitro fertilization and pregnancy in a patient with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis","volume":"10","author":"Powell","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.5653\/cerm.2013.40.1.38","article-title":"Ovarian stimulation and liver dysfunction: is a clinical relationship possible? A case of hepatic failure after repeated cycles of ovarian stimulation","volume":"40","author":"Giugliano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Exp Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.3.626","article-title":"Successful twin pregnancy in a dual-transplant couple resulting from in-vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection","volume":"15","author":"Case","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-005-6004-1","article-title":"Successful pregnancy in a liver transplant recipient following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection","volume":"22","author":"Ulug","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Assist Reprod Genet"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib22","first-page":"S52","article-title":"Successful pregnancy in a liver transplant patient after ovarian tubes removal resulting from in-vitro fertilisation: a case report","volume":"18","author":"Premuzic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s12522-012-0140-y","article-title":"Pregnancy after in\u00a0vitro fertilization in a liver transplant patient","volume":"12","author":"Choi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib24","unstructured":"Echosens. Interpretation guide VCTE. https:\/\/www.fibroscan.com\/en\/expertise Accessed 9 February\u00a02021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib25","unstructured":"Human Fertilisation & Embryology Authority. Fertility treatment 2018: trends and figures. https:\/\/www.hfea.gov.uk\/about-us\/publications\/research-and-data\/fertility-treatment-2018-trends-and-figures\/ Accessed 9 February 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2017.1286302","article-title":"Two cases of first onset intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy associated with moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after IVF treatment and review of the literature","volume":"37","author":"Mutlu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i5735","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i5735","article-title":"Predicting the chances of a live birth after one or more complete cycles of in\u00a0vitro fertilisation: population based study of linked cycle data from 113 873 women","volume":"355","author":"McLernon","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"hoz017","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoz017","article-title":"Worldwide decline of IVF birth rates and its probable causes","volume":"2019","author":"Gleicher","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deq023","article-title":"IVF and stillbirth: a prospective follow-up study","volume":"25","author":"Wisborg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15509","article-title":"Risk of stillbirth in low-risk singleton term pregnancies following fertility treatment: a national cohort study","volume":"126","author":"Bay","year":"2019","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989454","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/989454","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of pattern of pregnancy loss in women with infertility undergoing IVF and women with unexplained recurrent miscarriages who conceive spontaneously","volume":"2015","author":"Tamhankar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35141","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35141","article-title":"Maternal and live-birth outcomes of pregnancies following assisted reproductive technology: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.03.012","article-title":"Pregnancy and birth outcomes in couples with infertility with and without assisted reproductive technology: with an emphasis on US population-based studies","volume":"217","author":"Luke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3985","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22387-6","article-title":"Impacts of different methods of conception on the perinatal outcome of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in twin pregnancies","volume":"8","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.11.2897","article-title":"The course of pregnancy and delivery and the use of maternal healthcare services after standard IVF in Northern Finland 1990\u20131995","volume":"17","author":"Koivurova","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2019.09.011","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro fertilization is associated with the onset and progression of preeclampsia","volume":"89","author":"Gui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-69","article-title":"Is in\u00a0vitro fertilization associated with preeclampsia? A propensity score matched study","volume":"14","author":"Watanabe","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep376","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for obstetric haemorrhage in 6730 singleton births after assisted reproductive technology in Victoria Australia","volume":"25","author":"Healy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2009.02153.x","article-title":"The outcomes of pregnancy in patients with cirrhosis: a population-based study","volume":"30","author":"Shaheen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.03.036","article-title":"Model for end-stage liver disease score predicts outcome in cirrhotic patients during pregnancy","volume":"9","author":"Westbrook","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1255","article-title":"Outcomes of pregnancy in mothers with cirrhosis: a national population-based cohort study of 1.3 million pregnancies","volume":"2","author":"Hagstr\u00f6m","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5819819","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5819819","article-title":"Maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with hepatic cirrhosis","volume":"2020","author":"Tolunay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.23416","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes of liver transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Deshpande","year":"2012","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/s41395-018-0181-x","article-title":"Non-invasive markers (ALBI and APRI) predict pregnancy outcomes in women with chronic liver disease","volume":"114","author":"Gonsalkorala","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168827821000052?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168827821000052?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T19:39:52Z","timestamp":1759174792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168827821000052"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0168827821000052"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-8278"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-8278","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Safety and efficacy of in\u00a0vitro fertilisation in patients with chronic liver disease and liver transplantation recipients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Association for the Study of the Liver.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}