{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T01:25:10Z","timestamp":1789781110031,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal-of-hepatology.eu","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,24]],"date-time":"2021-01-24T09:58:34Z","timestamp":1611482314000},"page":"1325-1334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Early liver transplantation for corticosteroid non-responders with acute severe autoimmune hepatitis: The SURFASA score"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Eleonora","family":"De Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Coilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Chazouill\u00e8res","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Roux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marie","family":"Peron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9271-9810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pauline","family":"Houssel-Debry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2220-6646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florent","family":"Artru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0712-8491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Silvain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Ollivier-Hourmand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Duvoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Heurgue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Barge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Ganne-Carri\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5269-8373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georges-Philippe","family":"Pageaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7992-1595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Besch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Bourli\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Fontaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"de Ledinghen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Dumortier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filomena","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7789-7264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvie","family":"Radenne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyne","family":"Debette-Gratien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Odile","family":"Goria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Durand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Potier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Di Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1472-5892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noemi","family":"Reboux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Ichai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myl\u00e8ne","family":"Sebagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Mathurin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Agostini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Samuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Charles","family":"Duclos-Vall\u00e9e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i16.2070","article-title":"Optimizing management in autoimmune hepatitis with liver failure at initial presentation","volume":"17","author":"Potts","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25451","article-title":"Acute severe autoimmune hepatitis: corticosteroids or liver transplantation?","volume":"25","author":"Rahim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.10.011","article-title":"Clinicopathologic features of the severe form of acute type 1 autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"5","author":"Abe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.02.015","article-title":"Clinical and prognostic implications of acute onset of Autoimmune Hepatitis: an Italian multicentre study","volume":"50","author":"Muratori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2445-4","article-title":"Acute and acute severe (fulminant) autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"58","author":"Czaja","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.06.030","article-title":"Autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"63","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.05.021","article-title":"Prognosis of acute severe autoimmune hepatitis (AS-AIH): the role of corticosteroids in modifying outcome","volume":"61","author":"Yeoman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.04.032","article-title":"The role of corticosteroids in acute-severe autoimmune hepatitis is still highly debatable","volume":"63","author":"De Martin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26678","article-title":"Steroid use in acute liver failure","volume":"59","author":"Karkhanis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22322","article-title":"Simplified criteria for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"48","author":"Hennes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24080","article-title":"Autoimmune acute liver failure: proposed clinical and histological criteria","volume":"53","author":"Stravitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(04)00246-0","article-title":"Fulminant hepatic failure as the initial presentation of acute autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"2","author":"Kessler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24141","article-title":"Early predictors of corticosteroid treatment failure in icteric presentations of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"53","author":"Yeoman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-010-0316-3","article-title":"Clinicopathological features of severe and fulminant forms of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"46","author":"Yasui","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)90081-4","article-title":"Early indicators of prognosis in fulminant hepatic failure","volume":"97","author":"O'Grady","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199508000-00002","article-title":"Orthotopic liver transplantation in fulminant and subfulminant hepatitis. The Paul Brousse experience","volume":"222","author":"Bismuth","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib17","first-page":"350","article-title":"Transparent reporting, of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement","volume":"7","author":"Collins","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6 CA19","key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.1974.1100705","article-title":"A\u00a0new look at the statistical model identification","volume":"19","author":"Akaike","year":"1974","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Autom Contr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.2307\/2533006","article-title":"Model selection for extended quasi-likelihood models insmall samples","volume":"51","author":"Hurvich","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144","article-title":"A\u00a0proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk","volume":"94","author":"Fine","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.03.023","article-title":"Usefulness of corticosteroids as first-line therapy in patients with acute severe autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"65","author":"Moenne-Loccoz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22894","article-title":"Liver failure as initial presentation of autoimmune hepatitis: clinical characteristics, predictors of response to steroid therapy, and outcomes","volume":"49","author":"Verma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"Suppl 11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib23","first-page":"278","article-title":"Fulminant autoimmune hepatitis: clinical presentation, outcome and prognostic factors","volume":"5","author":"Villamil","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30205","article-title":"Flare of autoimmune hepatitis causing acute on chronic liver failure: diagnosis and response to corticosteroid therapy","volume":"70","author":"Anand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(88)90503-3","article-title":"Features reflective of early prognosis in corticosteroid-treated severe autoimmune chronic active hepatitis","volume":"95","author":"Czaja","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1163","article-title":"Changes in natural killer cells and exhausted memory regulatory T Cells with corticosteroid therapy in acute autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"2","author":"Jeffery","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21036","article-title":"Usefulness of corticosteroids for the treatment of severe and fulminant forms of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"13","author":"Ichai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27111","article-title":"Historical, present, and future significance of corticosteroid in the treatment of acute liver failure","volume":"60","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1159\/000440709","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for autoimmune hepatitis: scores and more","volume":"33","author":"Lohse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Dis (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23042","article-title":"Diagnostic value and utility of the simplified International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) criteria in acute and chronic liver disease","volume":"50","author":"Yeoman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2011.02524.x","article-title":"Diagnostic value and utility of the simplified International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group criteria in acute-onset autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"31","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.13252","article-title":"Prompt initiation of high-dose i.v. corticosteroids seems to prevent progression to liver failure in patients with original acute severe autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"49","author":"Zachou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.05.011","article-title":"The significance of autoantibodies and immunoglobulins in acute liver failure: a cohort study","volume":"47","author":"Bernal","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12022","article-title":"Antibodies to soluble liver antigen in patients with various liver diseases: a multicentre study","volume":"33","author":"Efe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21787","article-title":"Features associated with\u00a0treatment failure in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis and predictive value of the model of end-stage liver disease","volume":"46","author":"Montano-Loza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.06.030","article-title":"Acute autoimmune hepatitis: many open questions","volume":"61","author":"Weiler-Normann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15111","article-title":"Review article: unanswered clinical and research questions in autoimmune hepatitis-conclusions of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group Research Workshop","volume":"49","author":"Dyson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168827821000416?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168827821000416?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T19:42:01Z","timestamp":1759174921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168827821000416"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0168827821000416"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-8278"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-8278","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Early liver transplantation for corticosteroid non-responders with acute severe autoimmune hepatitis: The SURFASA score","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.12.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}