{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T22:37:36Z","timestamp":1762900656376,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jhep-reports.eu","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JHEP Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T23:39:42Z","timestamp":1604446782000},"page":"100203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["(13C)-Methacetin breath test provides evidence of subclinical liver dysfunction linked to fat storage but not lifestyle"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Emilio","family":"Molina-Molina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harshitha","family":"Shanmugam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agostino","family":"Di Ciaula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignazio","family":"Grattagliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Domenica Maria","family":"Di Palo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo O.","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Portincasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2019.04.005","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in non-obese individuals: prevalence,\u00a0pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"43","author":"Molina-Molina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31150","article-title":"Epidemiological features of NAFLD from 1999 to 2018 in China","volume":"71","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.11.312","article-title":"MAFLD: a consensus-driven proposed nomenclature for metabolic associated fatty liver disease","volume":"158","author":"Eslam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(24)00530-5","article-title":"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease","volume":"55","author":"Ludwig","year":"1980","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Review of hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology, etiology, and carcinogenesis","volume":"16","author":"Ghouri","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Carcinog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.033","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease\u2014a global public health perspective","volume":"70","author":"Younossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.08.003","article-title":"The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease\u2014an evolving view","volume":"22","author":"Lindenmeyer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2018.07.004","article-title":"Quality of life in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review","volume":"112","author":"Assimakopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.08.006","article-title":"The use of liver biopsy in nonalcoholic fatty liver\u00a0disease: when to biopsy and in whom","volume":"22","author":"Gunn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2614","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.06038.x","article-title":"Sampling error and intraobserver variation in liver biopsy in patients with chronic HCV infection","volume":"97","author":"Regev","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20535","article-title":"Sources of variability in histological scoring of chronic viral hepatitis","volume":"41","author":"Rousselet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23784","article-title":"Clinical, laboratory and histological associations in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"52","author":"Neuschwander-Tetri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000388","article-title":"Histologic findings of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease who have normal aminotransferase levels","volume":"114","author":"Gawrieh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13814","article-title":"Fatty liver index and hepatic steatosis index for prediction of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 1 diabetes","volume":"33","author":"Sviklane","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.05.023","article-title":"Non-invasive assessment and quantification of liver steatosis by ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance","volume":"51","author":"Schwenzer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2010.02331.x","article-title":"13C-Breath tests for clinical investigation of liver mitochondrial function","volume":"40","author":"Grattagliano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1093\/gastro\/gou068","article-title":"Dynamic carbon 13 breath tests for the study of liver function and gastric emptying","volume":"3","author":"Bonfrate","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.6.836","article-title":"Aminopyrine breath test in the prognostic evaluation of patients with cirrhosis","volume":"33","author":"Merkel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i1.142","article-title":"Measurement of hepatic functional mass by means of 13C-methacetin and 13C-phenylalanine breath tests in chronic liver disease: comparison with Child-Pugh score and serum bile acid levels","volume":"11","author":"Festi","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7397840","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7397840","article-title":"(13)C Methacetin breath test for assessment of microsomal liver function: methodology and clinical application","volume":"2017","author":"Gorowska-Kowolik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2008.01007.x","article-title":"A\u00a0continuous 13C methacetin breath test for noninvasive assessment of intrahepatic inflammation and fibrosis in patients with chronic HCV infection and normal ALT","volume":"15","author":"Lalazar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.07.021","article-title":"Use of the methacetin breath test to classify the risk of cirrhotic complications and mortality in patients evaluated\/listed for liver transplantation","volume":"63","author":"Stravitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20050346","article-title":"Liver breath tests non-invasively predict higher stages of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"111","author":"Portincasa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib24","first-page":"149","article-title":"The role of C-13-methacetin breath test for the non-invasive evaluation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"22","author":"Fierbinteanu-Braticevici","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointestin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association\/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement","volume":"112","author":"Grundy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67402-8","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome\u2014a new worldwide definition","volume":"366","author":"Alberti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-017-0746-3","article-title":"Reproducibility and validity of the Italian version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in obese and diabetic patients","volume":"41","author":"Minetto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0200701","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200701","article-title":"Metabolic equivalent of task (METs) thresholds as an indicator of physical activity intensity","volume":"13","author":"Mendes","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980013003169","article-title":"Mediterranean diet and health status: an updated meta-analysis and a proposal for a literature-based adherence score","volume":"17","author":"Sofi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1080\/09637486.2016.1198893","article-title":"Reliability and relative validity of a food frequency questionnaire for Italian adults living in Sicily, Southern Italy","volume":"67","author":"Marventano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","article-title":"The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection","volume":"30","author":"Ware","year":"1992","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31802dd4b9","article-title":"13C-methacetin breath test shortened: 2-point-measurements after 15 minutes reliably indicate the presence of liver cirrhosis","volume":"41","author":"Schneider","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2008.01.013","article-title":"13C-Methacetin-breath test compared to also noninvasive biochemical blood tests in predicting hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"40","author":"Dinesen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02317.x","article-title":"13C-Methacetin breath test as liver function test in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"21","author":"Braden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520600670125","article-title":"13C-Methacetin and 13C-galactose breath tests can assess restricted liver function even in early stages of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"41","author":"Holtmeier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03519.x","article-title":"Review article: the assessment of liver function using breath tests","volume":"26","author":"Ilan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/10256016.2010.549229","article-title":"Interference of acute cigarette smoking with [13C]methacetin breath test","volume":"47","author":"Kasicka-Jonderko","year":"2011","journal-title":"Isotopes Environ Health Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650802353309","article-title":"Usefulness of 13C-methacetin breath test in liver function testing in Amanita phalloides poisoning; breast feeding woman case","volume":"46","author":"Hydzik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2006.03.021","article-title":"The role of bright liver echo pattern on ultrasound B-mode examination in the diagnosis of liver steatosis","volume":"38","author":"Palmentieri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-6-33","article-title":"The fatty liver index: a simple and accurate predictor of hepatic steatosis in the general population","volume":"6","author":"Bedogni","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0127782","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127782","article-title":"Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography for the non-invasive evaluation of hepatic fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: a systematic review & meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S202343","article-title":"Abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance as simple predictors of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"12","author":"Hegazy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2010.08.004","article-title":"Abdominal visceral fat thickness measured by ultrasonography predicts the presence and severity of coronary artery disease","volume":"36","author":"Hamagawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0000000000000286","article-title":"The CAPITAL study (CArdiovascular prevention wIth Telecardiology in ApuLia): preliminary results","volume":"17","author":"Brunetti","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12229","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome: a closer look at the growing epidemic and its associated pathologies","volume":"16","author":"O'Neill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2017.10.020","article-title":"Obesity phenotypes and their paradoxical association with cardiovascular diseases","volume":"48","author":"Vecchie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"036011","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7163\/aa7b99","article-title":"The utility of the (13)C-methacetin breath test in predicting the long-term survival of patients with decompensated cirrhosis","volume":"11","author":"Moran","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Breath Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib49","first-page":"609","article-title":"Evaluation of the 13C-methacetin breath test for quantitative liver function testing","volume":"35","author":"Klatt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Z\u00a0Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3023","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i10.3023","article-title":"Fatty liver index vs waist circumference for predicting non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"22","author":"Motamed","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpped.2015.05.007","volume":"34","author":"Clemente","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Paul Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6777","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i37.6777","article-title":"Intrahepatic vascular changes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: potential role of insulin-resistance and endothelial dysfunction","volume":"23","author":"Pasarin","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2012.103","article-title":"Increased intrahepatic resistance in severe steatosis: endothelial dysfunction, vasoconstrictor overproduction and altered microvascular architecture","volume":"92","author":"Francque","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2018.11.014","article-title":"The potential role of vascular alterations and subsequent impaired liver blood flow and hepatic hypoxia in the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"122","author":"van der Graaff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib55","first-page":"1449","article-title":"Noncirrhotic human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induces portal hypertension in relation to the histological degree of steatosis","volume":"22","author":"Francque","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib56","first-page":"301","article-title":"Angiogenesis in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"83","author":"Lefere","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Gastroenterol Belg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0227358","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227358","article-title":"The diagnostic accuracy of liver fibrosis in non-viral liver diseases using acoustic radiation force impulse elastography: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2009.04.003","article-title":"Correlations between intra-abdominal pressure and obesity-related co-morbidities","volume":"5","author":"Varela","year":"2009","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27395","article-title":"The role of liver fat and insulin resistance as determinants of plasma aminotransferase elevation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"61","author":"Maximos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-019-1104-6","article-title":"Correlation of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among the non-obese Chinese population with normal blood lipid levels: a retrospective cohort research","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-019-0984-9","article-title":"Total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is a significant predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver: Jinchang cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2548154","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2548154","article-title":"Hypoxic signaling and cholesterol lipotoxicity in fatty liver disease progression","volume":"2018","author":"Tirosh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12950-019-0211-5","article-title":"Accumulation of free cholesterol and oxidized low-density lipoprotein is associated with portal inflammation and fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"16","author":"Ho","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Inflamm (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2019.07.002","article-title":"From NASH to diabetes and from diabetes to NASH: Mechanisms and treatment options","volume":"1","author":"Gastaldelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.10.008","article-title":"The effect of a Mediterranean diet on metabolic parameters in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"35","author":"Moosavian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096197","article-title":"Effect of exercise training on liver function in adults who are overweight or exhibit fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Smart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22868","article-title":"Quality of life in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: baseline data from the nonalcoholic steatohepatitis clinical research network","volume":"49","author":"David","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15395","article-title":"Depression is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among adults in the United States","volume":"50","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"}],"container-title":["JHEP Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589555920301373?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589555920301373?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T22:26:26Z","timestamp":1762899986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589555920301373"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589555920301373"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5559"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2589-5559"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"(13C)-Methacetin breath test provides evidence of subclinical liver dysfunction linked to fat storage but not lifestyle","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JHEP Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhepr.2020.100203","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100203"}}