{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T02:28:24Z","timestamp":1782181704540,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T000422N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T000422N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jhep-reports.eu","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JHEP Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T06:10:34Z","timestamp":1719209434000},"page":"101149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["External validation of the IAIHG autoimmune hepatitis response criteria in a multicentric real-world cohort"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3256-7904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenz","family":"Grossar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2810-7507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Raevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Van Steenkiste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Colle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"De Vloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Orlent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeoffrey","family":"Schouten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Gallant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annelien","family":"Van Driessche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5734-3467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sander","family":"Lefere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsey","family":"Devisscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2218-9081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Geerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0647-9238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans","family":"Van Vlierberghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2798-5415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Verhelst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib1","first-page":"113","article-title":"[Liver, blood proteins and nutritive protein]","volume":"9","author":"Waldenstrom","year":"1953","journal-title":"Dtsch Z Verdau Stoffwechselkr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.06.030","article-title":"EASL clinical practice guidelines: autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"63","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322362","article-title":"Recent advances in clinical practice: epidemiology of autoimmune liver diseases","volume":"70","author":"Trivedi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)33223-8","article-title":"Clinical, biochemical, and histological remission of severe chronic active liver disease: a controlled study of treatments and early prognosis","volume":"63","author":"Soloway","year":"1972","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.21.1.78","article-title":"Late results of the Royal Free Hospital prospective controlled trial of prednisolone therapy in hepatitis B surface antigen negative chronic active hepatitis","volume":"21","author":"Kirk","year":"1980","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.17","article-title":"Autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"4","author":"Mieli-Vergani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31065","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis in adults and children: 2019 practice guidance and guidelines from the American association for the study of liver diseases","volume":"72","author":"Mack","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80297-9","article-title":"International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group Report: review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"31","author":"Alvarez","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.12.041","article-title":"Systematic review of response criteria and endpoints in autoimmune hepatitis by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group","volume":"76","author":"Pape","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22322","article-title":"Simplified criteria for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"48","author":"Hennes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology (Baltimore, Md)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280203","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis-autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome: clinical features and response to therapy","volume":"28","author":"Chazouill\u00e8res","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.05.021","article-title":"Prognosis of acute severe autoimmune hepatitis (AS-AIH): the role of corticosteroids in modifying outcome","volume":"61","author":"Yeoman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2445-4","article-title":"Acute and acute severe (fulminant) autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"58","author":"Czaja","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib14","first-page":"803","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of budesonide (Entocort EC) capsules for Crohn's disease","volume":"43","author":"Edsb\u00e4cker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000018","article-title":"Budesonide as first-line treatment in patients with autoimmune hepatitis seems inferior to standard predniso(lo)ne administration","volume":"77","author":"D\u00edaz-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200544010-00003","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of systemically administered glucocorticoids","volume":"44","author":"Czock","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12112","article-title":"Development and validation of a prognostic score for long-term transplant-free survival in autoimmune hepatitis type 1","volume":"9","author":"Biewenga","year":"2021","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.34734","article-title":"Burden of liver disease in the United States: summary of a workshop","volume":"36","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.07.017","article-title":"Features and progression of asymptomatic autoimmune hepatitis in Italy","volume":"14","author":"Muratori","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000805","article-title":"Natural history and treatment outcomes of severe autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"51","author":"Sonthalia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.01.020","article-title":"Autoimmune hepatitis in Italy: the Bologna experience","volume":"50","author":"Muratori","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.11.013","article-title":"Rapid response to treatment of autoimmune hepatitis associated with remission at 6 and 12 months","volume":"18","author":"Pape","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.08.018","article-title":"Effects of serum aspartate aminotransferase levels in patients with autoimmune hepatitis influence disease course and outcome","volume":"6","author":"Al-Chalabi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.06.018","article-title":"Predictive factors of poor response to therapy in Autoimmune Hepatitis","volume":"48","author":"Muratori","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16926","article-title":"Early predictors of corticosteroid response in acute severe autoimmune hepatitis: a nationwide multicenter study","volume":"56","author":"T\u00e9llez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25451","article-title":"Acute severe autoimmune hepatitis: corticosteroids or liver transplantation?","volume":"25","author":"Rahim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20732","article-title":"Autoimmune hepatitis: effect of symptoms and cirrhosis on natural history and outcome","volume":"42","author":"Feld","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520802130183","article-title":"Epidemiology and the initial presentation of autoimmune hepatitis in Sweden: a nationwide study","volume":"43","author":"Werner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.10.020","article-title":"Autoimmune hepatitis in Denmark: incidence, prevalence, prognosis, and causes of death. A nationwide registry-based cohort study","volume":"60","author":"Gr\u00f8nb\u00e6k","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib30","article-title":"Features and outcome of AIH patients without elevation of IgG","volume":"2","author":"Hartl","year":"2020","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03104.x","article-title":"Type I autoimmune hepatitis: clinical course and outcome in an Italian multicentre study","volume":"24","author":"Floreani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"7818","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)91827-8","article-title":"Hyperglobulinaemia in liver disease","volume":"1","author":"Triger","year":"1973","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15241","article-title":"Treatment and outcome of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH): audit of 28 UK centres","volume":"42","author":"Gordon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000589","article-title":"Lack of complete biochemical response in autoimmune hepatitis leads to adverse outcome: first report of the IAIHG retrospective registry","volume":"79","author":"Slooter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.12.040","article-title":"Efficacy and limitations of budesonide as a second-line treatment for patients with autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"16","author":"Peiseler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.06.046","article-title":"Budesonide induces remission more effectively than prednisone in a controlled trial of patients with autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"139","author":"Manns","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.05.042","article-title":"Budesonide versus prednisone with azathioprine for the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis in children and adolescents","volume":"163","author":"Woynarowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.07.023","article-title":"Second-line and third-line therapy for autoimmune hepatitis: a position statement from the European reference network on hepatological diseases and the international autoimmune hepatitis group","volume":"73","author":"Lohse","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.11.032","article-title":"An open-label randomised-controlled trial of azathioprine vs. mycophenolate mofetil for the induction of remission in treatment-naive autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"80","author":"Snijders","year":"2024","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300603","article-title":"Ursodeoxycholic acid as adjunctive therapy for problematic type 1 autoimmune hepatitis: a randomized placebo-controlled treatment trial","volume":"30","author":"Czaja","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"}],"container-title":["JHEP Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589555924001538?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589555924001538?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T14:01:47Z","timestamp":1732284107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589555924001538"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589555924001538"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5559"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5559","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"External validation of the IAIHG autoimmune hepatitis response criteria in a multicentric real-world cohort","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JHEP Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101149","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101149"}}