{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:11:42Z","timestamp":1788430302929,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004037","name":"Juho Vainion S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004037","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005424","name":"Varsinais-Suomen Rahasto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005424","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013500","name":"Diabetes Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005633","name":"Heart Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010114","name":"Yrj\u00f6 Jahnsson Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010114","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019841","name":"Finnish-Norwegian Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019841","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008413","name":"Instrumentarium Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008413","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022793","name":"Turku University Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022793","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008403","name":"Finnish Medical Society Duodecim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008403","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003125","name":"Finnish Cultural Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009094","name":"University of Turku University Hospital Center for Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009094","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008019","name":"\u00c5bo Akademi University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008019","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005609","name":"University of Turku","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005609","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["357183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["357183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["307402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["307402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["332151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["332151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011797","name":"TYKS Turku University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009420","name":"Hospital District of Southwest Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009420","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010125","name":"Jalmari and Rauha Ahokkaan Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006306","name":"Sigrid Jus\u00e9lius Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jhep-reports.eu","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JHEP Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T03:52:51Z","timestamp":1754452371000},"page":"101535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Mildly elevated liver lipid content is characterised by reduced insulin sensitivity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9004-4200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelli","family":"Tuomola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Rebelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8786-9160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aino","family":"Latva-Rasku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5206-8651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Bucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6510-3455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi","family":"Immonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7858-5924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virva","family":"Saunavaara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4962-9550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saara","family":"Laine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4477-8175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanja","family":"Sj\u00f6ros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2770-5417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taru","family":"Garthwaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juho R.H.","family":"Raiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0225-842X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilian","family":"Fernandes Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsi A.","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8692-4049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jarna C.","family":"Hannukainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5905-1206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mika","family":"Ala-Korpela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8893-7126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kari K.","family":"Kalliokoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilkka H.A.","family":"Heinonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pirjo","family":"Nuutila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9875-5863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miikka-Juhani","family":"Honka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2024.02.007","article-title":"Current status and future trends of the global burden of MASLD","volume":"35","author":"Miao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17050633","article-title":"Definitions of normal liver fat and the association of insulin sensitivity with acquired and genetic NAFLD\u2014a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Pet\u00e4j\u00e4","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.04.031","article-title":"EASL\u2013EASD\u2013EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)","volume":"81","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28012","article-title":"Quantitative MR imaging of hepatic steatosis: validation in ex vivo human livers","volume":"62","author":"Bannas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib5","article-title":"Marked difference in liver fat measured by histology vs. magnetic resonance-proton density fat fraction: a meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Qadri","year":"2024","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.157906","article-title":"Ethnic and sex differences in hepatic lipid content and related cardiometabolic parameters in lean individuals","volume":"7","author":"Petersen","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E462","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00064.2004","article-title":"Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure hepatic triglyceride content: prevalence of hepatic steatosis in the general population","volume":"288","author":"Szczepaniak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol-Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-019-05001-w","article-title":"Circulating metabolites and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study of 11,896 young adults from four Finnish cohorts","volume":"62","author":"Ahola-Olli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.114.000216","article-title":"Quantitative serum nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in cardiovascular epidemiology and genetics","volume":"8","author":"Soininen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28899","article-title":"Metabolic profiling of fatty liver in young and middle-aged adults: cross-sectional and prospective analyses of the Young Finns Study","volume":"65","author":"Kaikkonen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-17-0882","article-title":"Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver: a positron emission tomography study","volume":"178","author":"Honka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","article-title":"Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and \u03b2-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man","volume":"28","author":"Matthews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-0646","article-title":"Reduced time points to calculate the Composite Index","volume":"33","author":"DeFronzo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2022-002909","article-title":"Comprehensive validation of fasting-based and oral glucose tolerance test\u2013based indices of insulin secretion against gold standard measures","volume":"10","author":"Prystupa","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-020-0592-9","article-title":"Usefulness of surrogate markers to determine insulin action in fat cells","volume":"44","author":"Ryd\u00e9n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E413","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00744.2007","article-title":"The lowering of hepatic fatty acid uptake improves liver function and insulin sensitivity without affecting hepatic fat content in humans","volume":"295","author":"Rigazio","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol-Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-22361-3","article-title":"Relationship between liver fat content and lifestyle factors in adults with metabolic syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Laine","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/65.2.403","article-title":"Prediction of total subcutaneous abdominal, intraperitoneal, and retroperitoneal adipose tissue masses in men by a single axial magnetic resonance imaging slice","volume":"65","author":"Abate","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-1447","article-title":"Effect of bariatric surgery on adipose tissue glucose metabolism in different depots in patients with or without type 2 diabetes","volume":"39","author":"Dadson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-023-00812-1","article-title":"Carimas: an extensive medical imaging data processing tool for research","volume":"36","author":"Rainio","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Digit Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1985.87","article-title":"Graphical evaluation of blood-to-brain transfer constants from multiple-time uptake data","volume":"5","author":"Patlak","year":"1985","journal-title":"Generalizations J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib22","first-page":"1016","article-title":"18F-FDG assessment of glucose disposal and production rates during fasting and insulin stimulation: a validation study","volume":"47","author":"Iozzo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2004.00439.x","article-title":"Strong control, conservative point estimation and simultaneous conservative consistency of false discovery rates: a unified approach","volume":"66","author":"Storey","year":"2004","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Ser B Stat Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2900","article-title":"Comparing samples\u2014part II","volume":"11","author":"Krzywinski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2021.10.009","article-title":"Rewriting results sections in the language of evidence","volume":"37","author":"Muff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2017.110","article-title":"Methods for quantifying adipose tissue insulin resistance in overweight\/obese humans","volume":"41","author":"ter Horst","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvaf054","article-title":"Hepatic glucose uptake during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia associates with glycemia during oral glucose tolerance test","volume":"9","author":"Honka","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.6.1449","article-title":"Insulin sensitivity of suppression of endogenous glucose production is the single most important determinant of glucose tolerance","volume":"50","author":"B\u00e5venholm","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib29","article-title":"Markers of tissue-specific insulin resistance predict the worsening of hyperglycemia, incident type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease","volume":"9","author":"F\u00edzeI\u2019ov\u00e1","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1607","article-title":"Changes in insulin sensitivity and insulin release in relation to glycemia and glucose tolerance in 6,414 Finnish men","volume":"58","author":"Stan\u010d\u00e1kov\u00e1","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.021995","article-title":"Metabolic biomarker discovery for risk of peripheral artery disease compared with coronary artery disease: lipoprotein and metabolite profiling of 31 657 individuals from 5 prospective cohorts","volume":"10","author":"Tikkanen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2022.155142","article-title":"Insulin: the master regulator of glucose metabolism","volume":"129","author":"Norton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28985","article-title":"Metabolic and histological implications of intrahepatic triglyceride content in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"65","author":"Bril","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18273","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0608537103","article-title":"Increased prevalence of insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Asian-Indian men","volume":"103","author":"Petersen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-3724-1","article-title":"Proton density fat-fraction is an accurate biomarker of hepatic steatosis in adolescent girls and young women","volume":"25","author":"Rehm","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20230586","article-title":"Aetiology of Type 2 diabetes in people with a \u2018normal\u2019 body mass index: testing the personal fat threshold hypothesis","volume":"137","author":"Taylor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.04.068","article-title":"Relationship between hepatic\/visceral fat and hepatic insulin resistance in nondiabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects","volume":"133","author":"Gastaldelli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3182160726","article-title":"Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"123","author":"Miller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.04.027","article-title":"Individuals with cardiometabolic risk factors are at higher risk for early-onset NAFLD","volume":"81","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI134165","article-title":"Insulin resistance drives hepatic de novo lipogenesis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"130","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.11.038","article-title":"Alterations in adipose tissue and hepatic lipid kinetics in obese men and women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"134","author":"Fabbrini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e667","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae276","article-title":"Effects of hypertriglyceridemia with or without NEFA elevation on \u03b2-cell function and insulin clearance and sensitivity","volume":"110","author":"Tric\u00f2","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.2337\/db21-0734","article-title":"Causal graph among serum lipids and glycemic traits: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"71","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0000000000000471","article-title":"VLDL triglyceride accumulation in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in type 2 diabetes","volume":"29","author":"S\u00f8ndergaard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.3.614","article-title":"Contribution of fatty acids released from lipolysis of plasma triglycerides to total plasma fatty acid flux and tissue-specific fatty acid uptake","volume":"52","author":"Teusink","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwac252","article-title":"Association between NMR metabolomic signatures of healthy lifestyle and incident coronary artery disease","volume":"30","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15010068","article-title":"Branched-chain amino acids and insulin resistance, from protein supply to diet-induced obesity","volume":"15","author":"De Bandt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4222-6","article-title":"Genetic evidence of a causal effect of insulin resistance on branched-chain amino acid levels","volume":"60","author":"Mahendran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1642","article-title":"Genetic support for a causal role of insulin resistance on circulating branched-chain amino acids and inflammation","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.10.001","article-title":"Amino acid is a major carbon source for hepatic lipogenesis","volume":"36","author":"Liao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002179","article-title":"Genetic predisposition to an impaired metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids and risk of type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomisation analysis","volume":"13","author":"Lotta","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23951","article-title":"Branched-chain amino acids and type 2 diabetes: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis","volume":"32","author":"Mosley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-03185-y","article-title":"Genetically predicted plasma levels of amino acids and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease risk: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"21","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017161228","article-title":"Prevalence of fatty liver disease and hepatic iron overload in a northeastern German population by using quantitative MR imaging","volume":"284","author":"K\u00fchn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2017.10.002","article-title":"Epidemiology of hepatic steatosis at a tertiary care center: an MRI-based analysis","volume":"25","author":"Fraum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib56","series-title":"ALFA: allele frequency aggregator","author":"Phan","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.127902","article-title":"Human PNPLA3-I148M variant increases hepatic retention of polyunsaturated fatty acids","volume":"4","author":"Luukkonen","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e300","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa729","article-title":"The PNPLA3-I148M variant confers an antiatherogenic lipid profile in insulin-resistant patients","volume":"106","author":"Luukkonen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.018","article-title":"EASL clinical practice guidelines: management of alcohol-related liver disease","volume":"69","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyw175","article-title":"Metabolic profiling of alcohol consumption in 9778 young adults","volume":"45","author":"W\u00fcrtz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0000000000000423","article-title":"Short- and long-term reproducibility of intrahepatic lipid quantification by 1H-MR spectroscopy and CT in obesity","volume":"40","author":"Dichtel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"}],"container-title":["JHEP Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589555925002149?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589555925002149?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T10:20:11Z","timestamp":1770805211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589555925002149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589555925002149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5559"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5559","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mildly elevated liver lipid content is characterised by reduced insulin sensitivity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JHEP Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101535","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101535"}}