{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T17:07:24Z","timestamp":1790010444465,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jhep-reports.eu","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JHEP Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:20:54Z","timestamp":1790007654000},"page":"102039","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intradermal hepatitis B vaccination with or without Imiquimod in cirrhosis after prior vaccine nonresponse: A Randomised Trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1611-0514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent","family":"Haghnejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lissa","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2889-4992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Jacquinot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Jeulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Daude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1896-1304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mouni","family":"Bensenane-Oussalah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyne","family":"Schvoerer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohann","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amandine","family":"Luc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1631-500X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Bronowicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib1","article-title":"Vaccination in liver diseases and liver Transplantation: Recommendations, implications and opportunities in the post-covid era","volume":"5","author":"Ballester","year":"2023","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.1942","article-title":"Response to hepatitis B vaccination in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"27","author":"Aggeletopoulou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.70644","article-title":"Hepatitis B Virus, Pneumococcal, Diphtheria, and Tetanus Vaccination Responses in Compensated Cirrhosis","volume":"46","author":"Haghnejad","year":"2026","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2025.03.018","article-title":"EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"83","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10383","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i30.10383","article-title":"Hepatitis B vaccine by intradermal route in non responder patients: an update","volume":"20","author":"Filippelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.24028","article-title":"Overcoming Hepatitis B Vaccine Nonresponsiveness","volume":"333","author":"Hung","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03002.x","article-title":"Meta-analysis: intradermal vs. intramuscular vaccination against hepatitis B virus in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"24","author":"Fabrizi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.351","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of 4 intramuscular double doses and 4 intradermal low doses vs standard hepatitis B vaccine regimen in adults with HIV-1: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"305","author":"Launay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2010.01354.x","article-title":"Intradermal vs intramuscular vaccine against hepatitis B infection in dialysis patients: a meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"18","author":"Fabrizi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-011-1996-0","article-title":"Efficacy of high-dose intra-dermal hepatitis B virus vaccine in previous vaccination non-responders with chronic liver disease","volume":"57","author":"Dhillon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu582","article-title":"Immunogenicity of intradermal trivalent influenza vaccine with topical imiquimod: a double blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"59","author":"Hung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00354-0","article-title":"Topical imiquimod before intradermal trivalent influenza vaccine for protection against heterologous non-vaccine and antigenically drifted viruses: a single-centre, double-blind, randomised, controlled phase 2b\/3 trial","volume":"16","author":"Hung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e304","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa804","article-title":"A Double-blind, Randomized Phase 2 Controlled Trial of Intradermal Hepatitis B Vaccination With a Topical Toll-like Receptor 7 Agonist Imiquimod, in Patients on Dialysis","volume":"73","author":"Hung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16970","article-title":"Clinical trial: intra dermal hepatitis B vaccination with topical imiquimod versus intra muscular hepatitis B vaccination in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"56","author":"Ko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2024.08.046","article-title":"Immune Dysfunction and Infection Risk in Advanced Liver Disease","volume":"168","author":"McGettigan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00520-7","article-title":"Cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction","volume":"19","author":"Albillos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.03.021","article-title":"EASL 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"67","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2001.23069","article-title":"Double-dose accelerated hepatitis B vaccine in patients with end-stage liver disease","volume":"7","author":"Arslan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13509","article-title":"Efficacy of an accelerated double-dose hepatitis B vaccine regimen in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"28","author":"Rodriguez-Tajes","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)00132-0","article-title":"Efficacy of a high and accelerated dose of hepatitis B vaccine in alcoholic patients: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"103","author":"Rosman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-328222","article-title":"Three double-dose reinforced hepatitis B revaccination scheme for patients with cirrhosis unresponsive to the standard regimen: an open-label randomised clinical trial","volume":"73","author":"Gir\u00e1ldez-Gallego","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.04.029","article-title":"Intradermal hepatitis B vaccination in non-responders after topical application of imiquimod (Aldara)","volume":"28","author":"Roukens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab206","article-title":"Topical Imiquimod Does Not Provide an Adjuvant Effect When Administered With Inactivated Influenza A\/H5N1 Vaccine in Healthy Young Adults","volume":"224","author":"El Sahly","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.07.010","article-title":"Seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine with topical imiquimod in immunocompromised patients: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"83","author":"Mombelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"}],"container-title":["JHEP Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589555926003101?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589555926003101?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:20:57Z","timestamp":1790007657000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589555926003101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S2589555926003101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5559"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5559","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Intradermal hepatitis B vaccination with or without Imiquimod in cirrhosis after prior vaccine nonresponse: A Randomised Trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JHEP Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhepr.2026.102039","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102039"}}