{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T10:19:34Z","timestamp":1782814774836,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Human Evolution"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,30]],"date-time":"2013-08-30T12:18:40Z","timestamp":1377865120000},"page":"501-524","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["New fossils of Australopithecus anamensis from Kanapoi, West Turkana, Kenya (2003\u20132008)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"C.V.","family":"Ward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.K.","family":"Manthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Plavcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1159\/000156268","article-title":"New wrist bones of Proconsul africanus and P.\u00a0nyanzae from Rusinga Island, Kenya","volume":"47","author":"Beard","year":"1986","journal-title":"Folia Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib2","first-page":"31","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in human evolution","volume":"16","author":"Brace","year":"1972","journal-title":"Yearb. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00879","article-title":"A\u00a0new hominid from the Upper Miocene of Chad, Central Africa","volume":"418","author":"Brunet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10501","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1222568110","article-title":"Stable isotope-based diet reconstructions of Turkana Basin hominins","volume":"110","author":"Cerling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330930104","article-title":"Four-million year old hominids from East Lake Turkana, Kenya","volume":"93","author":"Coffing","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/115195a0","article-title":"Australopithecus africanus: the man-ape of South Africa","volume":"115","author":"Dart","year":"1925","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2009.11.001","article-title":"(40)Ar\/(39)Ar dating, paleomagnetism, and tephrochemistry of Pliocene strata of the hominid-bearing Woranso-Mille area, west-central Afar Rift, Ethiopia","volume":"58","author":"Deino","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib6","series-title":"Encyclopedia of Human Evolution and Prehistory","author":"Delson","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6567","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900270106","article-title":"Functional morphology of the ankle and the likelihood of climbing in early hominins","volume":"106","author":"DeSilva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Buccal dental microwear analyses support greater specialization in consumption of hard foodstuffs for Australopithecus anamensis","volume":"90","author":"Estebaranz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Anthropol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib9","series-title":"Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of the Early Pliocene Site of Kanapoi, Northern Kenya","first-page":"9","article-title":"Stratigraphy and depositional setting of the Pliocene Kanapoi Formation, Lower Kerio Valley, Kenya","author":"Feibel","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2484(91)90005-G","article-title":"New hominid fossils from Fejej, Southern Ethiopia","volume":"21","author":"Fleagle","year":"1991","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jafrearsci.2013.04.006","article-title":"New ruminants (Mammalia) from the Pliocene of Kanapoi, Kenya, and a revision of previous collections, with a note on the Suidae","volume":"85","author":"Geraads","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Afr. Earth Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20745","article-title":"Strong postcranial size dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis: results from two new multivariate resampling methods for multivariate data sets with missing data","volume":"135","author":"Gordon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2006.09.001","article-title":"Limb-size proportions in Australopithecus afarensis and Australopithecus africanus","volume":"52","author":"Green","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330350607","article-title":"Origin of the human canine: a new solution to an old enigma","volume":"35","author":"Greenfield","year":"1992","journal-title":"Yearb. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib13","first-page":"301","article-title":"Was the Early Pliocene hominin \u2018Australopithecus\u2019 anamensis a hard object feeder?","volume":"102","author":"Grine","year":"2006","journal-title":"S.\u00a0Afr. J. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22086","article-title":"Dental microwear and stable isotopes inform the paleoecology of extinct hominins","volume":"148","author":"Grine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1038\/35084063","article-title":"Late Miocene hominids from the Middle Awash, Ethiopia","volume":"412","author":"Haile-Selassie","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3323","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0064","article-title":"Phylogeny of early Australopithecus: new fossil evidence from the Woranso-Mille (Central Afar, Ethiopia)","volume":"365","author":"Haile-Selassie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib21","series-title":"Ardipithecus kadabba: Late Miocene Evidence from the Middle Awash, Ethiopia","author":"Haile-Selassie","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092978","article-title":"Late Miocene teeth from Middle Awash, Ethiopia, and early hominid dental evolution","volume":"303","author":"Haile-Selassie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21159","article-title":"New hominid fossils from Woranso-Mille (Central Afar, Ethiopia) and taxonomy of early Australopithecus","volume":"141","author":"Haile-Selassie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2006.01.009","article-title":"Size and shape variation in Australopithecus afarensis proximal femora","volume":"51","author":"Harmon","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib23","series-title":"Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of the Early Pliocene Site of Kanapoi, Northern Kenya","first-page":"39","article-title":"Early Pliocene tetrapod remains from Kanapoi, Lake Turkana Basin, Kenya","author":"Harris","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330920203","article-title":"Hominid radius from the middle Pliocene of Lake Turkana, Kenya","volume":"92","author":"Heinrich","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330640102","article-title":"Stress and strain in the mandibular symphysis of primates: a test of competing hypotheses","volume":"64","author":"Hylander","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/25.2.315","article-title":"Mandibular function and biomechanical stress and scaling","volume":"25","author":"Hylander","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22195","article-title":"Functional links between canine height and jaw gape in catarrhines with special reference to early hominins","volume":"150","author":"Hylander","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330570403","article-title":"Morphology of the Pliocene partial hominid skeleton (A. L. 288-1) from the Hadar formation, Ethiopia","volume":"57","author":"Johanson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21183","article-title":"\u201cLucy\u201d redux: a review of research on Australopithecus afarensis","volume":"52","author":"Kimbel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Yearb. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib91","series-title":"Skull of Australopithecus afarensis","author":"Kimbel","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2006.02.003","article-title":"Was Australopithecus anamensis ancestral to A.\u00a0afarensis? A case of anagenesis in the hominin fossil record","volume":"51","author":"Kimbel","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199611)101:3<401::AID-AJPA8>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Morphometric variation in Plio-Pleistocene hominid distal humeri","volume":"101","author":"Lague","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330740204","article-title":"Talocrural joint in African hominoids: implications for Australopithecus afarensis","volume":"74","author":"Latimer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib35","first-page":"14","article-title":"Early hominid fossils from Africa","volume":"13","author":"Leakey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sci. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/376565a0","article-title":"New four-million-year-old hominid species from Kanapoi and Allia Bay, Kenya","volume":"376","author":"Leakey","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1038\/29972","article-title":"New specimens and confirmation of an early age for Australopithecus anamensis","volume":"363","author":"Leakey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2008.01.001","article-title":"Canine tooth size and fitness in male mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx)","volume":"55","author":"Leigh","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72e71","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175832","article-title":"Combining prehension and propulsion: the foot of Ardipithecus ramidus","volume":"326","author":"Lovejoy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175827","article-title":"Careful climbing in the Miocene: the forelimbs of Ardipithecus ramidus and humans are primitive","volume":"326","author":"Lovejoy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20120923","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2012.0923","article-title":"Mechanisms and causes of wear in tooth enamel: implications for hominin diets","volume":"10","author":"Lucas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Roy. Soc. Interf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20175","article-title":"Australopithecus anamensis: a finite-element approach to studying the functional adaptations of extinct hominins","volume":"283","author":"Macho","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anat. Rec. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1159\/000322631","article-title":"An exploratory study on the combined effects of external and internal morphology on load dissipation in primate capitates, its potential for an understanding of the positional and locomotor repertoire of early hominins","volume":"81","author":"Macho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Folia Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib42","series-title":"Cenozoic Mammals of Africa","first-page":"471","article-title":"Hominini","author":"MacLatchy","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib43","series-title":"The Pliocene micromammalian fauna from Kanapoi, northwestern Kenya, and its contribution to understanding the environment of Australopithecus anamensis","author":"Manthi","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib44","first-page":"41","article-title":"The taphonomy of the Pliocene microfauna from Kanapoi, northwestern Kenya","volume":"6","author":"Manthi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Taphon."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib45","first-page":"1","article-title":"New hominin fossils from Kanapoi, Kenya: Mosaic evolution of canine evolution in early hominins","volume":"108","author":"Manthi","year":"2012","journal-title":"S.\u00a0Afr. J. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1144\/0016-76492006-170","article-title":"Geochronology of the pre-KBS Tuff sequence, Omo Group, Turkana Basin","volume":"165","author":"McDougall","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Geol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330620208","article-title":"The capitate of Australopithecus afarensis and A.\u00a0africanus","volume":"62","author":"McHenry","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330870404","article-title":"Body size and proportions in early hominids","volume":"87","author":"McHenry","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2005.01.001","article-title":"The hominoid proximal radius: re-interpreting locomotor behaviors in early hominins","volume":"48","author":"Patel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib50","series-title":"Sexual dimorphism in the dentition of extant anthropoid primates","author":"Plavcan","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.2000.0423","article-title":"Inferring social behavior from sexual dimorphism in the fossil record","volume":"39","author":"Plavcan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10011","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in primate evolution","volume":"44","author":"Plavcan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Yearbk. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10154","article-title":"Scaling relationships between craniofacial sexual dimorphism and body mass dimorphism in primates: implications for the fossil record","volume":"120","author":"Plavcan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1996.0096","article-title":"Interpreting hominid behavior on the basis of sexual dimorphism","volume":"32","author":"Plavcan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1995.1019","article-title":"Competition, coalitions and canine size in primates","volume":"28","author":"Plavcan","year":"1995","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2004.09.006","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis revisited: how strong is the case for a human-like pattern of dimorphism?","volume":"48","author":"Plavcan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2009.04.005","article-title":"Estimating tooth crown height in early Australopithecus","volume":"57","author":"Plavcan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib58","first-page":"1819","article-title":"Australopithecus afarensis Garusi 1, diversit\u00e9 et sp\u00e9cialisation des premiers Hominid\u00e9s d'apr\u00e8s les caract\u00e8res maxillo-dentaires","volume":"303","author":"Puech","year":"1986","journal-title":"C.\u00a0R. Acad. Sci. Paris"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-2484(86)80015-X","article-title":"Reconstruction of the maxillary dental arcade of Garusi Hominid 1","volume":"15","author":"Puech","year":"1986","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1159\/000021754","article-title":"Size and scaling in the mandible of living and extinct apes","volume":"71","author":"Ravosa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Folia Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9404","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1133180100","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in Australopithecus afarensis was similar to that of modern humans","volume":"100","author":"Reno","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1086\/431528","article-title":"Plio-Pleistocene hominid limb proportions: evolutionary reversals or estimation errors?","volume":"46","author":"Reno","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3355","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0086","article-title":"An enlarged postcranial sample confirms Australopithecus afarensis dimorphism was similar to modern humans","volume":"365","author":"Reno","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib64","first-page":"137","article-title":"First hominid from the Miocene (Lukeino Formation, Kenya)","volume":"332","author":"Senut","year":"2001","journal-title":"C.\u00a0R. Acad. Sci. Paris"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10288","article-title":"Tooth-root form and function in platyrrhine seed-eaters","volume":"122","author":"Spencer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175825","article-title":"The Ardipithecus ramidus skull and its implications for hominid origins","volume":"326","author":"Suwa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175824","article-title":"Paleobiological implications of the Ardipithecus ramidus dentition","volume":"326","author":"Suwa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13506","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.260368897","article-title":"Diet and the evolution of the earliest human ancestors","volume":"97","author":"Teaford","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2004.03.004","article-title":"Dental topography and diets of Australopithecus afarensis and early Homo","volume":"46","author":"Ungar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3345","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0033","article-title":"Molar microwear textures and the diets of Australopithecus anamensis and Australopithecus afarensis","volume":"365","author":"Ungar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6505(1999)7:6<197::AID-EVAN4>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"The new hominid species Australopithecus anamensis","volume":"7","author":"Ward","year":"1999","journal-title":"Evol. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1998.0262","article-title":"South Turkwel: a new Pliocene hominid site in Kenya","volume":"36","author":"Ward","year":"1999","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.2001.0507","article-title":"Morphology of Australopithecus anamensis from Kanapoi and Allia Bay, Kenya","volume":"41","author":"Ward","year":"2001","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3333","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0039","article-title":"Anterior dental evolution in the Australopithecus anamensis-afarensis lineage","volume":"365","author":"Ward","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330570407","article-title":"Subocclusal morphology and alveolar process relationships of hominid gnathic elements from the Hadar Formation: 1974\u20131977 collections","volume":"57","author":"Ward","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jafrearsci.2011.11.003","article-title":"Carnivora from the Kanapoi hominin site, northern Kenya","volume":"64","author":"Werdelin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Afr. Earth Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1017\/S1464793106007007","article-title":"Bivariate line-fitting methods for allometry","volume":"81","author":"Wharton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330460203","article-title":"New fossil hominids from Laetolil, Tanzania","volume":"46","author":"White","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib82","series-title":"The Primate Fossil Record","first-page":"407","article-title":"Earliest hominids.","author":"White","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/366261a0","article-title":"New discoveries of Australopithecus at Maka in Ethiopia","volume":"366","author":"White","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/371306a0","article-title":"Australopithecus ramidis, a new species of early hominid from Aramis, Ethiopia","volume":"371","author":"White","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(200001)111:1<45::AID-AJPA4>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Jaws and teeth of Australopithecus afarensis from Maka, Middle Awash, Ethiopia","volume":"111","author":"White","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04629","article-title":"Asa Issie, Aramis and the origin of Australopithecus","volume":"440","author":"White","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175802","article-title":"Ardipithecus ramidus and the paleobiology of early hominids","volume":"326","author":"White","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib85","series-title":"Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of the Early Pliocene Site of Kanapoi, Northern Kenya","first-page":"113","article-title":"Appendix: preliminary assessment of the Kanapoi micromammals","author":"Winkler","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib86","series-title":"Paleoanthropology","author":"Wolpoff","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1002\/evan.20335","article-title":"The Omo-Turkana Basin fossil hominins and their contribution to our understanding of human evolution in Africa","volume":"20","author":"Wood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Evol. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib88","first-page":"107","article-title":"Analysis of the dental morphology of Plio-Pleistocene hominids IV. Mandibular postcanine root morphology","volume":"156","author":"Wood","year":"1988","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.2000.0431","article-title":"Paleosols, stable carbon isotopes, and paleoenvironmental interpretation of Kanapoi, Northern Kenya","volume":"39","author":"Wynn","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Hum. Evol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Human Evolution"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0047248413001437?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0047248413001437?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T16:55:09Z","timestamp":1758646509000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0047248413001437"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0047248413001437"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0047-2484"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0047-2484","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"New fossils of Australopithecus anamensis from Kanapoi, West Turkana, Kenya (2003\u20132008)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Human Evolution","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhevol.2013.05.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}