{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T11:50:19Z","timestamp":1771329019757,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofhospitalinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hospital Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T12:45:51Z","timestamp":1601297151000},"page":"643-648","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Clinical outcomes after faecal microbiota transplant by retention enema in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections at an academic medical centre"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"B.D.","family":"Navalkele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Polistico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sandhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Awali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Krishna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Chandramohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Tillotson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Chopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix1085","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)","volume":"66","author":"McDonald","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05839.x","article-title":"Breaking the cycle: treatment strategies for 163 cases of recurrent Clostridium difficile disease","volume":"97","author":"McFarland","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib3","article-title":"Fidaxomicin vs vancomycin for the treatment of a first episode of Clostridium Difficile infection: a meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Al Momani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.4037\/aacnacc2016703","article-title":"Clostridium difficile infection and fecal microbiota transplant","volume":"27","author":"Liubakka","year":"2016","journal-title":"AACN Adv Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1205037","article-title":"Duodenal infusion of donor feces for recurrent Clostridium difficile","volume":"368","author":"van Nood","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000046","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review","volume":"48","author":"Cammarota","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw731","article-title":"Oral vancomycin followed by fecal transplantation versus tapering oral vancomycin treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection: an open-label, randomized controlled trial","volume":"64","author":"Hota","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.12.019","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation is superior to fidaxomicin for treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection","volume":"156","author":"Hvas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2013.59","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation for Clostridium difficile infection: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"108","author":"Kassam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2019.102098","article-title":"Prevention of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"61","author":"Madoff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.12.029","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplant decreases mortality in patients with refractory severe or fulminant Clostridioides difficile Infection","volume":"18","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib12","first-page":"1","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review of economic evaluation in fecal microbiota transplantation","author":"Stalder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2017.303","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of competing treatment strategies for Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Le","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8020200","article-title":"Insights into the role of human gut microbiota in Clostridioides difficile infection","volume":"8","author":"Kachrimanidou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib15","first-page":"26191","article-title":"Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease","volume":"26","author":"Carding","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microb Ecol Health Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.10.031","article-title":"Classifying fecal microbiota transplantation failure: an observational study examining timing and characteristics of fecal microbiota transplantation failures","volume":"16","author":"Allegretti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4609","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4609","article-title":"Clostridioides difficile: diagnosis and treatments","volume":"366","author":"Guery","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-014-2088-9","article-title":"The outcome and long-term follow-up of 94 patients with recurrent and refractory Clostridium difficile infection using single to multiple fecal microbiota transplantation via retention enema","volume":"33","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix684","article-title":"Early antibiotic use after fecal microbiota transplantation increases risk of treatment failure","volume":"66","author":"Allegretti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib20","first-page":"311","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation in refractory or recurrent Clostridium difficile infection: a real-life experience in a non-academic center","volume":"110","author":"Ponte","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Esp Enferm Dig"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000614","article-title":"Predictors of fecal transplant failure","volume":"28","author":"Meighani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394379","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1394379","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review of the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplant for Clostridium difficile infection in immunocompromised patients","volume":"2018","author":"Shogbesan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib23","series-title":"Fecal microbiota for transplantation: safety communication \u2013 risk of serious adverse reactions due to transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms","year":"2019"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2008.10.010","article-title":"The risk of developing a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus bloodstream infection for colonized patients","volume":"36","author":"Salgado","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.18098","article-title":"Frozen vs fresh fecal microbiota transplantation and clinical resolution of diarrhea in patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile infection: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"315","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hospital Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0195670120304527?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0195670120304527?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T04:16:13Z","timestamp":1759292173000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0195670120304527"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0195670120304527"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0195-6701"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0195-6701","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinical outcomes after faecal microbiota transplant by retention enema in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections at an academic medical centre","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Hospital Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.09.027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}