{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:45:20Z","timestamp":1790858720378,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofhospitalinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hospital Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T22:38:22Z","timestamp":1662590302000},"page":"52-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Prevalence of bacterial burden on macroscopic contaminants of orthopaedic surgical instruments following sterilization"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"I.J.","family":"Wellington","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.J.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.C.","family":"Hawthorne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.B.","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.W.","family":"Stelzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.P.","family":"Connors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Dorsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Lindsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Solovyova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2015.04.004","article-title":"Surgical site infection in orthopedic trauma: a case\u2013control study evaluating risk factors and cost","volume":"6","author":"Thakore","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/5584_2016_155","article-title":"Prosthetic joint infections and cost analysis?","volume":"971","author":"Haddad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01686","article-title":"Risk factors for infection after knee arthroplasty: a register-based analysis of 43,149 cases","volume":"91","author":"J\u00e4msen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2012.04.023","article-title":"Surgical site infections linked to contaminated surgical instruments","volume":"81","author":"Dancer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hosp Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-6553(98)80034-5","article-title":"Levels of microbial contamination on surgical instruments","volume":"26","author":"Rutala","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2006.03.011","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of residual protein contamination on reprocessed surgical instruments","volume":"63","author":"Baxter","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hosp Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2007.08.009","article-title":"Comparison between visual analysis and microscope assessment of surgical instrument cleanliness from sterile service departments","volume":"68","author":"Lipscomb","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hosp Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568218784298","article-title":"Harboring contaminants in repeatedly reprocessed pedicle screws","volume":"9","author":"Agarwal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.09.006","article-title":"Reprocessing safety issues associated with complex-design orthopaedic loaned surgical instruments and implants","volume":"49","author":"de Melo Costa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03653-z","article-title":"Implant contamination as a cause of surgical site infection in spinal surgery: are single-use implants a reasonable solution? A systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Sch\u00f6mig","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.00689","article-title":"Time-dependent contamination of opened sterile operating-room trays","volume":"90","author":"Dalstrom","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.4.5.394-399.1976","article-title":"Evaluation of enrichment, storage, and age of blood agar medium in relation to its ability to support growth of anaerobic bacteria","volume":"4","author":"Hanson","year":"1976","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3346","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02631-05","article-title":"As a bacterial culture medium, citrated sheep blood agar is a practical alternative to citrated human blood agar in laboratories of developing countries","volume":"44","author":"Russell","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.4.1710-1711.2003","article-title":"Blood agar and Mycobacterium tuberculosis: the end of a dogma","volume":"41","author":"Drancourt","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3424","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00463-13","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes isolates from shoulder surgery","volume":"57","author":"Crane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.7.2449-2453.1998","article-title":"Detection of hemolysin variants of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli by PCR and culture on vancomycincefixime-cefsulodin blood agar","volume":"64","author":"Lehmacher","year":"1998","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib17","first-page":"1","article-title":"The growth of Staphylococcus aureus in the blood agar plate media of sheep blood and human blood groups A, B, AB, and O","volume":"8","author":"Turista","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Teknol Lab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3152","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00796-12","article-title":"The genus Corynebacterium and other medically relevant coryneform-like bacteria","volume":"50","author":"Bernard","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.10.019","article-title":"When a single hair or suture has been through the sterilization process, is it sterile?","volume":"41","author":"Gillespie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1128\/am.16.2.256-259.1968","article-title":"Bacteriology and clinical significance of hemolytic haemophilus in the throat","volume":"16","author":"Branson","year":"1968","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hospital Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0195670122002730?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0195670122002730?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T04:21:39Z","timestamp":1759292499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0195670122002730"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["S0195670122002730"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0195-6701"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0195-6701","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence of bacterial burden on macroscopic contaminants of orthopaedic surgical instruments following sterilization","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Hospital Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2022.08.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}