{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T12:56:30Z","timestamp":1770900990641,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]],"date-time":"2013-06-14T00:59:36Z","timestamp":1371171576000},"page":"2244-2246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Infected Nonunion of the Upper Extremity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Julka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kagan","family":"Ozer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000150345.51508.74","article-title":"Host classification predicts infection after open fracture","volume":"433","author":"Bowen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1988.01400350034004","article-title":"Risk of infection after open fracture of the arm or leg","volume":"123","author":"Dellinger","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000152868.29134.92","article-title":"Infected nonunion of the long bones","volume":"431","author":"Jain","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S8","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-201102001-00003","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of chronic infection","volume":"19","author":"Forsberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31812e5578","article-title":"Infected nonunion of the long bones","volume":"21","author":"Struijs","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib6","series-title":"Skeletal Trauma","first-page":"615","article-title":"Nonunions: evaluation and treatment","author":"Brinker","year":"2009"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib7","first-page":"518","article-title":"Deleterious effect of smoking on healing of open tibia-shaft fractures","volume":"31","author":"Harvey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib8","first-page":"557","article-title":"Metabolic and endocrine abnormalities in patients with nonunions","volume":"21","author":"Brinker","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20067","article-title":"Reconstruction of large posttraumatic skeletal defects of the forearm by vascularized free fibular graft","volume":"24","author":"Adani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.1920150108","article-title":"Vascularized fibular graft for management of severe osteomyelitis of the upper extremity","volume":"15","author":"Mattar","year":"1994","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199704000-00009","article-title":"Treatment of segmental defects of the radius with use of the vascularized osteoseptocutaneous fibular autogenous graft","volume":"79","author":"Jupiter","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(84)80006-4","article-title":"Vascularized bone grafts in the treatment of infected forearm nonunions","volume":"9","author":"Dell","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1090603","article-title":"Double-barrel free fibula flap for treatment of infected nonunion of both forearm bones","volume":"24","author":"Saint-Cyr","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Reconstr Microsurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsb.2006.10.015","article-title":"Vascularised corticoperiosteal grafts from the medial femoral condyle for difficult non-unions of the upper limb","volume":"32","author":"Pinal","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1097\/00130911-199709000-00003","article-title":"Wave plate osteosynthesis in the upper extremity","volume":"1","author":"Ring","year":"1997","journal-title":"Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/BTH.0b013e3181f42bd3","article-title":"Cement spacers with antibiotics for the treatment of posttraumatic infected nonunions and bone defects of the upper extremity","volume":"14","author":"Allende","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199506000-00015","article-title":"Reconstruction of skeletal defects in the forearm after trauma: treatment with cement spacer and delayed cancellous bone grafting","volume":"38","author":"Georgiadis","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199711000-00010","article-title":"Staged management of infected humeral nonunion","volume":"43","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(03)00061-2","article-title":"Treatment of post-traumatic humeral diaphyseal nonunion with bone loss","volume":"12","author":"Pullen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199605000-00026","article-title":"Treatment of a bone defect of the forearm by bone transport","volume":"326","author":"Esser","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e3182471ae4","article-title":"Taylor spatial frame in the treatment of upper extremity conditions","volume":"32","author":"Al-Sayyad","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502313004504?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502313004504?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,15]],"date-time":"2018-10-15T04:26:47Z","timestamp":1539577607000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0363502313004504"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0363502313004504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5023","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}}}