{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:22:22Z","timestamp":1790770942104,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]],"date-time":"2016-07-20T18:42:56Z","timestamp":1469040176000},"page":"917-927","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Defining the Indications of Pedicled Groin and\u00a0Abdominal Flaps in Hand Reconstruction in\u00a0the\u00a0Current\u00a0Microsurgery Era"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Mohammad M.","family":"Al-Qattan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Al-Qattan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(72)80003-1","article-title":"The groin flap","volume":"25","author":"McGregor","year":"1972","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib2","first-page":"109","article-title":"The inguinal flap: anatomical studies of the\u00a0axial vessels and their course","volume":"7","author":"Reimann","year":"1975","journal-title":"Hand Chirurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(80)80081-5","article-title":"Segmental bony reconstruction of the thumb by composite groin flap: a case report","volume":"5","author":"Batton","year":"1980","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-9053(88)80074-7","article-title":"Our experience with pedicled groin flaps: apropos of 80 cases","volume":"7","author":"Guiga","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Chir Main"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.07.014","article-title":"The effectiveness of pedicled groin flaps in the treatment of hand defects: results\u00a0of 49 patients","volume":"37","author":"Goertz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198401000-00001","article-title":"The vascular territories of the superior epigastric and the deep inferior epigastric systems","volume":"73","author":"Boyd","year":"1984","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2014.01.002","article-title":"Indications, selection, and the use of distant pedicled flap for upper limb reconstruction","volume":"30","author":"Sabapathy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198603000-00014","article-title":"The groin flap in reparative surgery of the hand","volume":"77","author":"Chow","year":"1986","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.41128","article-title":"A\u00a0useful technique to maintain the position of the hand following abdominal flap","volume":"41","author":"Venkatramani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(96)90086-7","article-title":"Early division of pedicled flaps using a simple device: a new technique","volume":"49","author":"George","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198509000-00012","article-title":"A\u00a0pair of five-day flaps: early division of distant pedicles after serial cross-clamping and observation with oximetry and fluorometry","volume":"15","author":"Furnas","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(79)80100-8","article-title":"The intravenous fluorescein test: use in timing of groin flap division","volume":"4","author":"McGrath","year":"1979","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)30827-0","article-title":"Syndactyly correction of the hand in Apert syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Zucker","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.1920140607","article-title":"Functional and esthetic reconstruction of a mutilated hand using multiple toe transfers and iliac osteocutaneous flap: a case report","volume":"14","author":"Wei","year":"1993","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2013.01.012","article-title":"Reconstruction of the thumb amputation at the carpometacarpal joint level by groin flap and second toe transfer","volume":"44","author":"Sabapathy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib16","first-page":"1473","article-title":"An abdominal flap to the same right forearm and the hand following a high-voltage electric burn in a case report","volume":"7","author":"Khandelwal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2013.06.017","article-title":"Preputial flap as an adjunct to groin flap for the coverage of electrical burns in the hand","volume":"40","author":"Tiwari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Burns"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1544170","article-title":"Soft tissue coverage of the mangled upper extremity","volume":"29","author":"Ng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193412474200","article-title":"Repair of degloving fingers with abdominal tunnelization flap","volume":"38","author":"Buja","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193412443661","article-title":"Mini-abdominal flaps for preservation of digital length in an 18-month old child","volume":"38","author":"Mathew","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197409000-00005","article-title":"Use of paired flaps to simultaneously cover the dorsal and volar surfaces of a raw hand","volume":"54","author":"Miura","year":"1974","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(80)90017-X","article-title":"The many-tailed flap for multiple finger injuries","volume":"33","author":"Hurwitz","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193407087868","article-title":"Primary bone grafting with pedicled flap cover for dorsal combined injuries of the digits","volume":"33","author":"Sabapathy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193410376285","article-title":"Front and back flaps for multiple dorsal and palmar digital skin loss","volume":"35","author":"Senarath-Yapa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-4179(99)00114-X","article-title":"Innovations in flap design modified groin flap for closure of multiple finger defects","volume":"26","author":"Rasheed","year":"2000","journal-title":"Burns"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(97)80360-9","article-title":"The combined use of a pedicled Scarpa\u2019s fascia flap and a groin flap for simultaneous coverage of dorsal and palmar finger defects","volume":"22","author":"Koncilia","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Br"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000258936.51029.09","article-title":"\u201cWing flaps\u201d: perforator-based pedicled paraumbilical flaps for skin defects in hand and forearm","volume":"59","author":"Kamath","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0072-968X(82)80059-4","article-title":"The Y-shaped hypogastric-groin flap","volume":"14","author":"Smith","year":"1982","journal-title":"Hand"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-008-9105-3","article-title":"Combined use of pedicled superficial inferior epigastric artery flap and a groin flap for reconstruction of a dorsal and volar hand blast injury","volume":"3","author":"Choi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hand"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1177\/229255030401200110","article-title":"Use of groin flap in the closure of through and through defect of a forearm: a case report","volume":"12","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/229255030701500101","article-title":"A\u00a0bilobed groin flap for coverage of traumatic injury to both the volar and dorsal hand surfaces","volume":"15","author":"Brooks","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000154871.97860.ea","article-title":"Para-umbilical perforator based pedicled abdominal flap for extensive soft-tissue deficiencies of\u00a0the forearm and hand","volume":"54","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.12.006","article-title":"Paraumbilical perforator flap for soft tissue reconstruction of the forearm","volume":"40","author":"Gutwein","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2010.03.036","article-title":"Oblique pedicled para-umbilical perforator-based flap for reconstruction of complex proximal and mid-forearm defects: a report of two cases","volume":"35","author":"O\u2019Shaughnessy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1097\/BTH.0b013e31827ddf47","article-title":"Tips to orient pedicled groin\u00a0flap for hand defect","volume":"17","author":"Bajantri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199410000-00010","article-title":"Bilateral simultaneous groin flaps in the salvage of a pediatric blast-injured hand","volume":"33","author":"Isenberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000110329.68009.4C","article-title":"The use of free groin flaps in children","volume":"113","author":"Hough","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2009.07.010","article-title":"Reconstruction of the burned donor site closure by an island deep inferior epigastric perforator flap","volume":"63","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2009.01.041","article-title":"Modified thin abdominal wall flap (glove flap) for the treatment of acute burns to the hands and fingers","volume":"63","author":"Urushidate","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-199907000-00008","article-title":"The use of Millard crane flap for deep hand burns with exposed tendons and joints","volume":"20","author":"Matsumura","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Burn Care Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2003.12.004","article-title":"The abdominal flap using scarred skin in the treatment of post hand deformities of severe burn patients","volume":"29","author":"Yongwei","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S48","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000000699","article-title":"Experience in reconstruction for small digital defects with free flaps","volume":"76","author":"Hung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193408101464","article-title":"Free \u201cmini\u201d groin flap for digital resurfacing","volume":"34","author":"Tare","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(94)90111-2","article-title":"The use of island and free flaps in crush avulsion and degloving hand injuries","volume":"19","author":"Phenisnov","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2007.02.019","article-title":"Severe mutilating injuries to the hand: guidelines for organizing the chaos","volume":"60","author":"del Pinal","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Plast Reconstr Aesth Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib46","first-page":"PC11","article-title":"Osteoplastic reconstruction for post traumatic thumb amputations around metacarpophalangeal joint","volume":"9","author":"Segu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(02)00277-2","article-title":"Composite osteocutaneous groin flap combined with neurovascular island flap for thumb reconstruction","volume":"28","author":"Parmaksizoglu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Br"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(02)00304-2","article-title":"Functional evaluation of a great toe transfer and the osteoplastic technique for thumb reconstruction in the same individual","volume":"28","author":"Sabapathy","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Br"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib49","first-page":"1463","article-title":"Reconstructive surgery including free flap transfers can be performed in low-resource settings: experience from wartime scenario","volume":"65","author":"Tajsic","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Trauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.main.2014.02.003","article-title":"Surgical management of combat-related upper extremity injuries","volume":"33","author":"Mathieu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chir Main"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193409347428","article-title":"Simultaneous pedicled flaps for coverage of complex blast injuries to the forearm and hand (with supplemental external fixation to the iliac crest for immobilization","volume":"35","author":"Tintle","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-009-9213-8","article-title":"Pedicled thoraco-abdominal flap coverage about the elbow in traumatic war injuries","volume":"5","author":"Farber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hand (NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib53","unstructured":"Groin Flap [See Video]. Sabapathy SR. Talk presented at: American Society for Surgery of the Hand Annual Meeting; September 18-20, 2014; Boston, MA. Also available on Hand-e: http:\/\/www.assh.org\/Hand-e."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006_bib54","unstructured":"Groin flaps [See Video]. In: Rayan GM, Chung KC, eds. Flap Reconstruction of the Upper Extremity: A Master Skills Publication. Rosemont, IL: American Society for Surgery of the Hand; 2009. Also available on Hand-e: http:\/\/www.assh.org\/Hand-e."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502316302313?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502316302313?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T13:57:12Z","timestamp":1656856632000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0363502316302313"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0363502316302313"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.06.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5023","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}}}