{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T10:19:59Z","timestamp":1777025999311,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,2]],"date-time":"2019-11-02T06:41:29Z","timestamp":1572676889000},"page":"1037-1049","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["The Impact of Obesity and Smoking on Outcomes After Volar Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Ostergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arriyan S.","family":"Dowlatshahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl M.","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandon E.","family":"Earp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamara D.","family":"Rozental","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib1","first-page":"169","article-title":"The direct and indirect costs of long bone fractures in a working age US population","volume":"16","author":"Bonafede","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2016.03.003","article-title":"Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis","volume":"29","author":"MacIntyre","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198062040-00016","article-title":"Complications of Colles' fractures","volume":"62","author":"Cooney","year":"1980","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195335030-00011","article-title":"Colles' fracture; a study of two thousand cases from the New York State Workmen's Compensation Board","volume":"35-A","author":"Bacorn","year":"1953","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2002.36995","article-title":"Survival among elderly patients after fractures of the distal radius","volume":"27","author":"Rozental","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2011.09.039","article-title":"An economic analysis of outcomes and complications of treating distal radius fractures in the elderly","volume":"36","author":"Shauver","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.96B7.33149","article-title":"The operative treatment of fractures of the distal radius is increasing: results from a nationwide Swedish study","volume":"96-B","author":"Mellstrand-Navarro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12045","article-title":"Distal radius fractures: an epidemiological review","volume":"5","author":"Koo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050073","article-title":"Long-term trends in the incidence of distal forearm fractures","volume":"8","author":"Melton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.06.025","article-title":"The effect of osteoporosis on outcomes of operatively treated distal radius fractures","volume":"37","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.3060","article-title":"Trends in obesity and severe obesity prevalence in US youth and adults by sex and age, 2007\u20132008 to 2015\u20132016","volume":"319","author":"Hales","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.06.013","article-title":"Obesity is not protective against fracture in postmenopausal women: GLOW","volume":"124","author":"Compston","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2209-1","article-title":"Overweight\/obesity and underweight are both risk factors for osteoporotic fractures at different sites in Japanese postmenopausal women","volume":"24","author":"Tanaka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-21.5.460","article-title":"The relationship between obesity and injuries among U.S. adults","volume":"21","author":"Finkelstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Health Promot"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2010.09.033","article-title":"Fracture of the distal radius: risk factors for complications after locked volar plate fixation","volume":"36","author":"Soong","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.5704\/MOJ.1111.006","article-title":"Factors predicting late collapse of distal radius fractures","volume":"5","author":"Myderrizi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Malays Orthop J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2001.26662","article-title":"Assessment of complications of distal radius fractures and development of a complication checklist","volume":"26","author":"McKay","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000546","article-title":"Obesity increases complexity of distal radius fracture in fall from standing height","volume":"30","author":"Ebinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2016.12.007","article-title":"Correlation between obesity and severity of distal radius fractures","volume":"103","author":"Acosta-Olivo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944717750915","article-title":"Distal radius fractures: does obesity affect fracture pattern, treatment, and functional outcomes?","volume":"14","author":"Montague","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3181a7f06c","article-title":"Severity of injury and outcomes among obese trauma patients with fractures of the femur and tibia: a crash injury research and engineering network study","volume":"23","author":"Maheshwari","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.08.028","article-title":"Obesity is associated with increased postoperative complications after operative management of proximal humerus fractures","volume":"24","author":"Werner","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2015.04.019","article-title":"Obesity is associated with increased postoperative complications after operative management of distal humerus fractures","volume":"24","author":"Werner","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.00789","article-title":"Association between diabetes, obesity, and short-term outcomes among patients surgically treated for ankle fracture","volume":"97","author":"Cavo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.10.026","article-title":"Obesity is associated with increased postoperative complications after operative management of tibial shaft fractures","volume":"47","author":"Burrus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(89)90128-2","article-title":"Effects of tobacco use on axial and appendicular bone mineral density","volume":"10","author":"Pocock","year":"1989","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650040513","article-title":"Cigarette smoking, obesity, and bone mass","volume":"4","author":"Slemenda","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-1940-y","article-title":"The effects of smoking on bone metabolism","volume":"23","author":"Yoon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198805000-00023","article-title":"The role of anterior lumbar fusion for internal disc disruption","volume":"13","author":"Blumenthal","year":"1988","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198611000-00015","article-title":"The rate of pseudarthrosis (surgical nonunion) in patients who are smokers and patients who are nonsmokers: a comparison study","volume":"11","author":"Brown","year":"1986","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401500202","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and nonunion after ankle arthrodesis","volume":"15","author":"Cobb","year":"1994","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199704000-00022","article-title":"Acceleration of tibia and distal radius fracture healing in patients who smoke","volume":"337","author":"Cook","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199404150-00007","article-title":"Nicotine on the revascularization of bone graft. An experimental study in rabbits","volume":"19","author":"Daftari","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198901000-00009","article-title":"Surgical treatment of isthmic lumbosacral spondylolisthesis. Analysis of variables influencing results","volume":"14","author":"Hanley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.M.00081","article-title":"Cigarette smoking increases complications following fracture: a systematic review","volume":"96","author":"Scolaro","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200501000-00004","article-title":"Differential effects of nicotine and smoke condensate on bone cell metabolic activity","volume":"19","author":"Gullihorn","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1191\/096032700701546514","article-title":"The composition of cigarette smoke: a retrospective, with emphasis on polycyclic components","volume":"19","author":"Rodgman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1960.tb32622.x","article-title":"Influence of nicotine on the blood flow of resting skeletal muscle and of the\u00a0digits in normal subjects","volume":"90","author":"Rottenstein","year":"1960","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1974.03230480043027","article-title":"Effects of smoking on digital blood-flow velocity","volume":"229","author":"Sarin","year":"1974","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20187","article-title":"Tobacco extract but not nicotine impairs the mechanical strength of fracture healing in rats","volume":"24","author":"Skott","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Res"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199605093341901","article-title":"Perioperative normothermia to reduce the incidence of surgical-wound infection and shorten hospitalization","volume":"334","author":"Kurz","year":"1996","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib43","first-page":"97","article-title":"Cigarette smoking: impairment of digital blood flow and wound healing in the hand","volume":"9","author":"Mosely","year":"1977","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199203000-00016","article-title":"Tobacco smoking and complications in elective microsurgery","volume":"89","author":"Reus","year":"1992","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199103000-00020","article-title":"Pathogenesis of ischemic necrosis in random-pattern skin flaps induced by long-term low-dose nicotine treatment in the rat","volume":"87","author":"Forrest","year":"1991","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(98)00042-X","article-title":"Cigarette smoking, cutaneous vasculature, and tissue oxygen","volume":"16","author":"Leow","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)90129-5","article-title":"Validation of a combined comorbidity index","volume":"47","author":"Charlson","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2014a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Inform"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B6.33844","article-title":"Is it time to revisit the AO classification of fractures of the distal radius? inter- and intra-observer reliability of the AO classification","volume":"97-B","author":"Plant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.05.022","article-title":"Radiographic scoring system to evaluate union of distal radius fractures","volume":"39","author":"Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib53","first-page":"1038","article-title":"Upper Extremity Collaborative Group. Development of the QuickDASH: comparison of three item-reduction approaches","volume":"87","author":"Beaton","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199606)29:6<602::AID-AJIM4>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Development of an upper extremity outcome measure: the DASH (disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand) [corrected]. The Upper Extremity Collaborative Group (UECG)","volume":"29","author":"Hudak","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-7-44","article-title":"The shortened disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire (QuickDASH): validity and reliability based on responses within the full-length DASH","volume":"7","author":"Gummesson","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200202000-00007","article-title":"The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons outcomes instruments: normative values from the general population","volume":"84","author":"Hunsaker","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2005.10.010","article-title":"Functional outcome and complications after volar plating for dorsally displaced, unstable fractures of the distal radius","volume":"31","author":"Rozental","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.21.2.245","article-title":"The effects of obesity, smoking, and drinking on medical problems and costs","volume":"21","author":"Sturm","year":"2002","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.00627","article-title":"Effect of smoking cessation on results of acute fracture surgery: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"92","author":"Nasell","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.12.032","article-title":"Minimal clinically important differences of 3 patient-rated outcomes instruments","volume":"38","author":"Sorensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2014.4893","article-title":"Minimal clinically important difference of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand outcome measure (DASH) and its shortened version (QuickDASH)","volume":"44","author":"Franchignoni","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193414553908","article-title":"Minimal important changes and differences in elective hand surgery","volume":"40","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2008.12.015","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the shortened disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand questionnaire (QuickDASH) and numeric pain rating scale in patients with shoulder pain","volume":"18","author":"Mintken","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2010.03.008","article-title":"Responsiveness, minimal importance difference and minimal detectable change scores of the shortened disability arm shoulder hand (QuickDASH) questionnaire","volume":"15","author":"Polson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2005.10.016","article-title":"Treatment of distal radius fractures with a low-profile dorsal plating system: an outcomes assessment","volume":"31","author":"Simic","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2011.04.004","article-title":"Complications of low-profile dorsal versus volar locking plates in the distal radius: a comparative study","volume":"36","author":"Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2005.08.009","article-title":"A\u00a0meta-analysis of outcomes of external fixation versus plate osteosynthesis for unstable distal radius fractures","volume":"30","author":"Margaliot","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.05.007","article-title":"The impact of obesity on complications of elbow, forearm, and hand surgeries","volume":"39","author":"London","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944717736825","article-title":"Obesity is not a predictor of complications in upper extremity surgery","volume":"14","author":"Golan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200408000-00002","article-title":"The outcome of total knee arthroplasty in obese patients","volume":"86","author":"Foran","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100715606477","article-title":"The effect of obesity on functional outcomes and complications in total ankle arthroplasty","volume":"37","author":"Gross","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-799X-7-16","article-title":"Obesity and long term functional outcomes following elective total hip replacement","volume":"7","author":"Vincent","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib73","first-page":"77","article-title":"Perioperative morbidity following total knee arthroplasty among obese patients","volume":"15","author":"Miric","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Knee Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.091004","article-title":"Obesity and fractures in postmenopausal women","volume":"25","author":"Premaor","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2001.49082.x","article-title":"The relationship between body mass index and self-reported functional limitation among older adults: a gender difference","volume":"49","author":"Friedmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2015.02.003","article-title":"Body weight status and onset of functional limitations in U.S. middle-aged and older adults","volume":"8","author":"An","year":"2015","journal-title":"Disabil Health J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9432493","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9432493","article-title":"The implications of tobacco smoking on acute postoperative pain: a prospective observational study","volume":"2016","author":"Chiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1D580","article-title":"Postoperative opiate analgesia requirements of smokers and nonsmokers","volume":"38","author":"Creekmore","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib79","first-page":"53","article-title":"Predictors of patient reported pain after lower extremity nonunion surgery: the nicotine effect","volume":"36","author":"Christiano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.26.2000142","article-title":"The effect of smoking on bone healing: a systematic review","volume":"2","author":"Patel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31820b4285","article-title":"Open tibia fractures: timely debridement leaves injury severity as the only determinant of poor outcome","volume":"70","author":"Enninghorst","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.08.001","article-title":"Smoking and hip fracture; a study of 3617 cases","volume":"37","author":"Johnston","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e318213f217","article-title":"The impact of smoking on complications after operatively treated ankle fractures\u2014a follow-up study of 906 patients","volume":"25","author":"N\u00e5sell","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20963","article-title":"Regional disparities in obesity prevalence in the united states: a spatial regime analysis","volume":"23","author":"Myers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13121236","article-title":"Overview of cotinine cutoff values for smoking status classification","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-004958","article-title":"Smoker, ex-smoker or non-smoker? The validity of routinely recorded smoking status in UK primary care: a cross-sectional study","volume":"4","author":"Marston","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.02.011","article-title":"Outcome of delayed primary internal fixation of distal radius fractures: a comparative study","volume":"45","author":"Weil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/S1076-6332(03)00467-7","article-title":"Quantitative and qualitative assessment of closed fracture healing using computed tomography and conventional radiography","volume":"10","author":"Grigoryan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib89","series-title":"Radiology of Skeletal Trauma","first-page":"216","author":"Lee","year":"2002"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01580","article-title":"Variability in the assessment of fracture-healing in orthopaedic trauma studies","volume":"90","author":"Corrales","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01556","article-title":"Outcome assessment in clinical trials of fracture-healing","volume":"90","author":"Morshed","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00448","article-title":"Distal radial fracture treatment: what you get may depend on your age and address","volume":"91","author":"Fanuele","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.280","article-title":"More forearm fractures among urban than rural women: the NOREPOS study based on the TROMSO study and the HUNT study","volume":"26","author":"Omsland","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Miner Res"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502319313620?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502319313620?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T18:07:48Z","timestamp":1575310068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0363502319313620"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":90,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0363502319313620"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.08.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5023","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}}}