{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T11:31:00Z","timestamp":1790767860127,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T18:04:21Z","timestamp":1582308261000},"page":"542-547","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["The Oberg-Manske-Tonkin (OMT) Classification of Congenital Upper Extremities: Update for 2020"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Goldfarb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marybeth","family":"Ezaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindley B.","family":"Wall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wee L.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerby C.","family":"Oberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2010.09.031","article-title":"Developmental biology and classification of congenital anomalies of the hand and upper extremity","volume":"35","author":"Oberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218810415400055","article-title":"The OMT Classification of congenital anomalies of the hand and upper limb","volume":"20","author":"Tonkin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hand Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193414526334","article-title":"IFSSH Scientific Committee on Congenital Conditions","volume":"39","author":"Ezaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.019","article-title":"Classification of congenital anomalies of the hand and upper limb: development and assessment of a new system","volume":"38","author":"Tonkin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.11.014","article-title":"Epidemiology of congenital upper limb anomalies in Stockholm, Sweden, 1997 to 2007: application of the Oberg, Manske, and Tonkin classification","volume":"39","author":"Ekblom","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.10.038","article-title":"Epidemiology of congenital upper limb anomalies in a midwest United States population: an assessment using the Oberg, Manske, and Tonkin classification","volume":"40","author":"Goldfarb","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000000732","article-title":"Intraobserver and interobserver reliability of the Oberg-Manske-Tonkin (OMT) classification: establishing a registry on congenital upper limb differences","volume":"38","author":"Bae","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2017.02.018","article-title":"Views on the Oberg-Manske-Tonkin classification system for congenital anomalies of the hand and upper limb","volume":"42","author":"Lowry","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(76)80021-4","article-title":"A classification for congenital limb malformations","volume":"1","author":"Swanson","year":"1976","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00977673","article-title":"An unusual case of short limbed dwarfism and thoracic dystrophy with normal spine, hands and feet","volume":"9","author":"Dinno","year":"1980","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2012.08.014","article-title":"Homeotic arm-to-leg transformation associated with genomic rearrangements at the PITX1 locus","volume":"91","author":"Spielmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193413502162","article-title":"The Liebenberg syndrome: in depth analysis of the original family","volume":"39","author":"Mennen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.78B3.0780481","article-title":"Acquired thumb flexion contracture in children: congenital trigger thumb","volume":"78","author":"Slakey","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2005.12.024","article-title":"Incidence and development of trigger thumb in children","volume":"31","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(94)90046-9","article-title":"Incidence of trigger digits in newborns","volume":"19","author":"Rodgers","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.00296","article-title":"The natural history of pediatric trigger thumb","volume":"90","author":"Baek","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.13434","article-title":"Genetic regulatory pathways of split-hand\/foot malformation","volume":"95","author":"Kantaputra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3830","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu096","article-title":"DLX5, FGF8 and the Pin1 isomerase control DeltaNp63alpha protein stability during limb development: a regulatory loop at the basis of the SHFM and EEC congenital malformations","volume":"23","author":"Restelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s13353-013-0178-5","article-title":"Split-hand\/foot malformation\u2014molecular cause and implications in genetic counseling","volume":"55","author":"Sowinska-Seidler","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.2007.00949.x","article-title":"Busulfan-induced central polydactyly, syndactyly and cleft hand or foot: a common mechanism of disruption leads to divergent phenotypes","volume":"49","author":"Naruse","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev Growth Differ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)01062-3","article-title":"Cleft hand","volume":"6","author":"Ogino","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000000997","article-title":"Genetics and classifications","volume":"37","author":"Hall","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.21623","article-title":"Functional characterization of novel mutations in GNPAT and AGPS, causing rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP) types 2 and 3","volume":"33","author":"Itzkovitz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Mutat"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1086\/506256","article-title":"Mutations in the embryonal subunit of the acetylcholine receptor (CHRNG) cause lethal and Escobar variants of multiple pterygium syndrome","volume":"79","author":"Morgan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds440","article-title":"Somatic gain-of-function mutations in PIK3CA in patients with macrodactyly","volume":"22","author":"Rios","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib26","author":"Lam"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002_bib27","author":"Lam"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.06.004","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000}}],"container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502320300071?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502320300071?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,16]],"date-time":"2022-10-16T03:37:55Z","timestamp":1665891475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0363502320300071"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0363502320300071"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.01.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5023","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}}}