{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T06:52:06Z","timestamp":1794293526853,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jhandsurg.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,11]],"date-time":"2021-01-11T14:57:31Z","timestamp":1610377051000},"page":"424.e1-424.e7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The Natural History of Pediatric Trigger Thumb in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Douglas T.","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajinkya A.","family":"Rane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Montanez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-194931030-00032","article-title":"Trigger thumb in infants","volume":"31A","author":"Sprecher","year":"1949","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2005.12.024","article-title":"Incidence and development of trigger thumb in children","volume":"31","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.78B3.0780481","article-title":"Acquired thumb flexion contracture in children: congenital trigger thumb","volume":"78","author":"Slakey","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(94)90046-9","article-title":"Incidence of trigger digits in newborns","volume":"19","author":"Rodgers","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-200201000-00010","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of surgical release of the A(1) pulley in childhood trigger thumb","volume":"22","author":"McAdams","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000165068.57709.4A","article-title":"Retrospective study of open versus percutaneous surgery for trigger thumb in children","volume":"114","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000238336.30617.72","article-title":"The congenital trigger thumb: is release of the first annular pulley alone sufficient to resolve the triggering?","volume":"58","author":"van Loveren","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpo.0000187996.02140.1c","article-title":"Percutaneous trigger thumb release in children","volume":"26","author":"Ruiz-Iban","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(10)80165-0","article-title":"The management of trigger thumb in children","volume":"16","author":"Ger","year":"1991","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib10","first-page":"256","article-title":"The treatment outcome of trigger thumb in children","volume":"11","author":"Tan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Orthop B"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(98)80190-3","article-title":"Spontaneous recovery of trigger thumbs in children","volume":"23","author":"Mulpruek","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Br"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.82B5.0820736","article-title":"The outcome of treatment of trigger thumb in children","volume":"82","author":"Dunsmuir","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.00296","article-title":"The natural history of pediatric trigger thumb","volume":"90","author":"Baek","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2011.3.2.157","article-title":"The natural history of pediatric trigger thumb: a study with a minimum of five years follow-up","volume":"3","author":"Baek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-009-9221-8","article-title":"Surgical treatment of pediatric trigger thumb with metacarpophalangeal hyperextension laxity","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e318287f728","article-title":"Serial ultrasound evaluation of pediatric trigger thumb","volume":"33","author":"Verma","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193411422333","article-title":"Conservative treatment of pediatric trigger thumb: follow-up for over 4 years","volume":"37","author":"Jung","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001200","article-title":"A\u00a0population-based study evaluating the association between surgery in early life and child development at primary school entry","volume":"125","author":"O\u2019Leary","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001245","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental assessment in kindergarten in children exposed to general anesthesia before the age of 4 years: a retrospective matched cohort study","volume":"125","author":"Graham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.3470","article-title":"Association of anesthesia and surgery during childhood with long-term academic performance","volume":"171","author":"Glatz","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13122","article-title":"The new FDA drug safety communication on the use of general anesthetics in young children: what should we make of it?","volume":"27","author":"Davidson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502320306122?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502320306122?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T22:59:13Z","timestamp":1759791553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0363502320306122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0363502320306122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5023","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Natural History of Pediatric Trigger Thumb in the United States","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Hand Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.10.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}