{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T10:07:02Z","timestamp":1775124422883,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007185","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007185","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jhandsurg.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T14:54:07Z","timestamp":1763650447000},"page":"392.e1-392.e8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pin Configurations for the Treatment of Scaphoid Nonunion: A Biomechanical Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4924-0261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika","family":"Hookasian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenna M.","family":"Wahbeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumant S.","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Stevanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia N.","family":"Sangiorgio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Ebramzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frances E.","family":"Sharpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2018.03.044","article-title":"Ideal starting point and trajectory of a screw for the dorsal approach to scaphoid fractures","volume":"43","author":"Kupperman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib2","series-title":"The Wrist: Diagnosis and Operative Treatment","author":"Steinmann","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)01161-6","article-title":"Scaphoid nonunion","volume":"4","author":"Osterman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.03.002","article-title":"Management of scaphoid nonunion","volume":"37","author":"Buijze","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198006000-00010","article-title":"Fractures of the scaphoid: a rational approach to management","volume":"149","author":"Cooney","year":"1980","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1865-1380-4-4","article-title":"Current methods of diagnosis and treatment of scaphoid fractures","volume":"4","author":"Rhemrev","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-016-1876-6","article-title":"Management of scaphoid nonunion with iliac crest bone graft and K-wire fixation","volume":"27","author":"Meisel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198870070-00005","article-title":"Treatment of ununited fractures of the scaphoid by iliac bone grafts and Kirschner-wire fixation","volume":"70","author":"Stark","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-020-04730-7","article-title":"Kirschner wire versus Herbert screw fixation for the treatment of unstable scaphoid waist fracture nonunion using corticocancellous iliac bone graft: randomized clinical trial","volume":"44","author":"Hegazy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2021.10.019","article-title":"Cross-sectional areas and volumes occupied by implants in simulated scaphoid fractures","volume":"47","author":"Sharpe","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(01)00018-3","article-title":"Internal fixation of scaphoid non-union: a comparative study of three methods","volume":"32","author":"Christodoulou","year":"2001","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193410394525","article-title":"Kirschner wire fixation for scaphoid fractures: an experimental study in synthetic bones","volume":"36","author":"Gokce","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2006.08.005","article-title":"The influence of wire positioning upon the initial stability of scaphoid fractures fixed using Kirschner wires A finite element study","volume":"29","author":"Ezquerro","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1661362","article-title":"Biomechanical strength of scaphoid partial unions","volume":"7","author":"Brekke","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Wrist Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(10)80159-5","article-title":"Biomechanical comparison of fixation devices in experimental scaphoid osteotomies","volume":"16","author":"Carter","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2017.09.022","article-title":"Scaphoid healing required for unrestricted activity: a biomechanical cadaver model","volume":"43","author":"Guss","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2017.10.005","article-title":"Scaphoid fracture fixation in a nonunion model: a biomechanical study comparing 3 types of fixation","volume":"43","author":"Mandaleson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944720974111","article-title":"Single versus dual headless compression screw fixation of scaphoid nonunions: a biomechanical comparison","volume":"17","author":"Nicholson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib19","first-page":"271","article-title":"Comparison of fixation methods for scaphoid nonunions: a biomechanical model","volume":"65","author":"Panchal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02330-8","article-title":"3D computational anatomy of the scaphoid and its waist for use in fracture treatment","volume":"16","author":"Ahrend","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JHSB.2004.02.006","article-title":"The morphological and morphometric features of the scaphoid","volume":"29","author":"Ceri","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib22","article-title":"Quantification of contralateral differences of the scaphoid: a comparison of bone geometry in three dimensions","volume":"2014","author":"Letta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anat Res Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1605381","article-title":"Variable bone density of scaphoid: importance of subchondral screw placement","volume":"7","author":"Swanstrom","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Wrist Surg"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Hand Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502325004654?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0363502325004654?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T09:22:47Z","timestamp":1775121767000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0363502325004654"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0363502325004654"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-5023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-5023","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pin Configurations for the Treatment of Scaphoid Nonunion: A Biomechanical Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Hand Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsa.2025.08.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}