{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:39:19Z","timestamp":1777588759039,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]],"date-time":"2019-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005595","name":"University of California San Francisco","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jhsgo.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T00:56:19Z","timestamp":1572310579000},"page":"7-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia for Minor Hand Surgery Associated With Lower Opioid Prescriptions, Morbidity, and Costs: A Nationwide Database Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Gopal R.","family":"Lalchandani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan T.","family":"Halvorson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paymon","family":"Rahgozar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Immerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2005.05.006","article-title":"A\u00a0multicenter prospective study of 3,110 consecutive cases of elective epinephrine use in the fingers and hand: the Dalhousie Project clinical phase","volume":"30","author":"Lalonde","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.17.00142","article-title":"Wide-awake hand surgery: principles and techniques","volume":"6","author":"Warrender","year":"2018","journal-title":"JBJS Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2014.41.4.312","article-title":"Tumescent local anesthesia for hand surgery: improved results, cost effectiveness, and wide-awake patient satisfaction","volume":"41","author":"Lalonde","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944716669693","article-title":"An economic analysis of hand surgery performed under MAC versus WALANT: a trigger finger release surgery case study","volume":"12","author":"Codding","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.11.019","article-title":"Cost savings and patient experiences of a clinic-based, wide-awake hand surgery program at a military medical center: a critical analysis of the first 100 procedures","volume":"42","author":"Rhee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2018.03.051","article-title":"Cost implications of varying the surgical technique, surgical setting, and anesthesia type for carpal tunnel release surgery","volume":"43","author":"Kazmers","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944716643276","article-title":"Surgical approach and anesthetic modality for carpal tunnel release: a nationwide database study with health care cost implications","volume":"12","author":"Foster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib8","first-page":"106","article-title":"Wide awake technique versus local anesthesia with tourniquet application for minor orthopedic hand surgery: a prospective clinical trial","volume":"98","author":"Ruxasagulwong","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Assoc Thai"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355e","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000475788.52446.7b","article-title":"The use of opioid analgesics following common upper extremity surgical procedures: a national, population-based study","volume":"137","author":"Waljee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2017.0504","article-title":"New persistent opioid use after minor and major surgical procedures in US adults","volume":"152","author":"Brummett","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib12","article-title":"Rates and risk factors for prolonged opioid use after major surgery: population based cohort study","volume":"348","author":"Clarke","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199801000-00004","article-title":"Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data","volume":"36","author":"Elixhauser","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.10.007","article-title":"Comparison of postoperative complications associated with anesthetic choice for surgery of the hand","volume":"42","author":"Hustedt","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-010-9312-6","article-title":"Tourniquet use in upper limb surgery","volume":"6","author":"Oragui","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200109000-00008","article-title":"Pneumatic tourniquets in extremity surgery","volume":"9","author":"Wakai","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-201205000-00007","article-title":"Safe tourniquet use: a review of the evidence","volume":"20","author":"Fitzgibbons","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999.0000000000000073","article-title":"Effectiveness of\u00a0preoperative antibiotics in preventing surgical site infection after common soft\u00a0tissue procedures of the hand","volume":"476","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193418778999","article-title":"Pain and outcomes of carpal tunnel release under local anaesthetic with or without a tourniquet: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Iqbal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.5792\/ksrr.2014.26.4.207","article-title":"Effects of tourniquet use on quadriceps function and pain in total knee arthroplasty","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knee Surg Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib24","article-title":"Perceived comfort during minor hand surgeries with wide awake local anaesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) versus local anaesthesia (LA)\/tourniquet","volume":"25","author":"Gunasagaran","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2018.01.052","article-title":"Narcotics and knee arthroscopy: trends in use and factors associated with prolonged use and postoperative complications","volume":"34","author":"Steiner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.03.018","article-title":"Opioid use following cervical spine surgery: trends and factors associated with long-term use","volume":"18","author":"Pugely","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.3.FOCUS1459","article-title":"Improving discharge data\u00a0fidelity for use in large administrative databases","volume":"36","author":"Gologorsky","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589514119301161?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589514119301161?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T18:56:06Z","timestamp":1762887366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589514119301161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589514119301161"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5141","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia for Minor Hand Surgery Associated With Lower Opioid Prescriptions, Morbidity, and Costs: A Nationwide Database Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Society for Surgery of the Hand.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}