{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T01:41:07Z","timestamp":1784079667081,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]],"date-time":"2021-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jhsgo.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T23:19:12Z","timestamp":1627514352000},"page":"282-288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A Comparative Study of Porcine Small Intestine Submucosa and Cross-Linked Bovine Type I Collagen as a Nerve Conduit"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Rasa","family":"Zhukauskas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debbie Neubauer","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curt","family":"Deister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nesreen Zoghoul","family":"Alsmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deana","family":"Mercer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2019.00337","article-title":"Modern trends for peripheral nerve repair and regeneration: beyond the hollow nerve guidance conduit","volume":"7","author":"Carvalho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30371","article-title":"Comparable functional motor outcomes after repair of peripheral nerve injury with an elastase-processed allograft in a rat sciatic nerve model","volume":"38","author":"Hundepool","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006818","article-title":"Functional outcome after reconstruction of a long nerve gap in rabbits using optimized decellularized nerve allografts","volume":"145","author":"Bulstra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2752(2000)20:8<384::AID-MICR7>3.0.CO;2-W","article-title":"Peripheral nerve and neuromuscular allotransplantation: current status","volume":"20","author":"Bain","year":"2000","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000229469.31749.91","article-title":"Repair of motor nerve gaps with sensory nerve inhibits regeneration in rats","volume":"116","author":"Brenner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01301","article-title":"Treatment of a segmental nerve defect in the rat with use of bioabsorbable synthetic nerve conduits: a comparison of commercially available conduits","volume":"91","author":"Shin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21220","article-title":"Processed allografts and type I collagen conduits for repair of peripheral nerve gaps","volume":"39","author":"Whitlock","year":"2009","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2009.12.010","article-title":"Modern surgical management of peripheral nerve gap","volume":"63","author":"Pabari","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.04.043","article-title":"The extracellular matrix as a biologic scaffold material","volume":"28","author":"Badylak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-018-0023-x","article-title":"Extracellular matrix-based materials for regenerative medicine","volume":"3","author":"Hussey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mater"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.10145","article-title":"Cytotoxicity of glutaraldehyde crosslinked collagen\/poly(vinyl alcohol) films is by the mechanism of apoptosis","volume":"61","author":"Gough","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Mater Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(199911)47:2<270::AID-JBM18>3.0.CO;2-D","article-title":"Characterization and biocompatibility of epoxy-crosslinked dermal sheep collagens","volume":"47","author":"van Wachem","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Mater Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib13","first-page":"71","article-title":"Calcification of subcutaneously implanted type I collagen sponges. Effects of formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde pretreatments","volume":"122","author":"Levy","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(19970605)35:3<357::AID-JBM10>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Effect of alternative crosslinking techniques on the enzymatic degradation of bovine pericardia and their calcification","volume":"35","author":"Vasudev","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Mater Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2011.11.031","article-title":"Macrophage phenotype as a predictor of constructive remodeling following the implantation of biologically derived surgical mesh materials","volume":"8","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.08.049","article-title":"The relationship between collagen scaffold cross-linking agents and neutrophils in the foreign body reaction","volume":"31","author":"Ye","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2014.0290","article-title":"To cross-link or not to cross-link? Cross-linking associated foreign body response of collagen-based devices","volume":"21","author":"Delgado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part B Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2007.0264","article-title":"Macrophage phenotype as a determinant of biologic scaffold remodeling","volume":"14","author":"Badylak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23828","DOI":"10.1038\/srep23828","article-title":"Significance of alpha smooth muscle actin expression in traumatic painful neuromas: a pilot study in rats","volume":"6","author":"Weng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200703000-00020","article-title":"Degradation and remodeling of small intestinal submucosa in canine Achilles tendon repair","volume":"89","author":"Gilbert","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1267379","article-title":"Assessment of processed porcine extracellular matrix as a protective barrier in a rabbit nerve wrap model","volume":"27","author":"Kokkalis","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Reconstr Microsurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib22","first-page":"446","article-title":"Mechanism of traumatic petechial hemorrhages in the brain--neurovascular friction","volume":"19","author":"Shimizu","year":"1962","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2021.01.011","article-title":"Modulating the foreign body response of implants for diabetes treatment","volume":"174","author":"Kharbikar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e3182116e39","article-title":"Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts: what are we talking about?","volume":"57","author":"Baum","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.71.2.271","article-title":"Macrophages from IL-12p40-deficient mice have a bias toward the M2 activation profile","volume":"71","author":"Bastos","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Leukoc Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2004.09.015","article-title":"The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization","volume":"25","author":"Mantovani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(02)02302-5","article-title":"Macrophage polarization: tumor-associated macrophages as a paradigm for polarized M2 mononuclear phagocytes","volume":"23","author":"Mantovani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2008.0419","article-title":"Macrophage participation in the degradation and remodeling of extracellular matrix scaffolds","volume":"15","author":"Valentin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm809","article-title":"Myofibroblasts and mechano-regulation of connective tissue remodelling","volume":"3","author":"Tomasek","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2005.11.004","article-title":"Multiple roles of \u03b1-smooth muscle actin in mechanotransduction","volume":"312","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1067-1927.2005.130102.x","article-title":"Tissue repair, contraction, and the myofibroblast","volume":"13","author":"Desmouli\u00e8re","year":"2005","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1999.4543","article-title":"Mechanisms of myofibroblast activity and phenotypic modulation","volume":"250","author":"Serini","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aay0076","article-title":"The surface stress of biomedical silicones is a stimulant of cellular response","volume":"6","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.4161\/cam.20377","article-title":"The role of the myofibroblast in tumor stroma remodeling","volume":"6","author":"Otranto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Adh Migr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1427","article-title":"The myofibroblast in wound healing and fibrocontractive diseases","volume":"200","author":"Gabbiani","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pathol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589514121000669?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589514121000669?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T18:57:47Z","timestamp":1762887467000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589514121000669"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589514121000669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5141","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A Comparative Study of Porcine Small Intestine Submucosa and Cross-Linked Bovine Type I Collagen as a Nerve Conduit","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Society for Surgery of the Hand.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}