{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T12:41:50Z","timestamp":1782909710732,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jhsgo.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,4]],"date-time":"2023-06-04T14:57:49Z","timestamp":1685890669000},"page":"612-619","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Outcomes After Acute Versus Delayed Total Elbow Arthroplasty for the Treatment of Distal Humerus Fractures"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Christina","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dafang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Blazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon E.","family":"Earp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200301000-00006","article-title":"Adult distal humeral metaphyseal fractures: Epidemiology and results of treatment","volume":"17","author":"Robinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/BCO.0b013e318229d0b5","article-title":"Population-based incidence of distal humeral fractures among adults in a Canadian urban center","volume":"22","author":"Sheps","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Orthop Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2008.06.005","article-title":"A\u00a0multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial of open reduction-internal fixation versus total elbow arthroplasty for displaced intra-articular distal humeral fractures in elderly patients","volume":"18","author":"McKee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib4","first-page":"425","article-title":"Intercondylar T-Shaped fractures of the humerus","volume":"53B","author":"Brown","year":"1971","journal-title":"JBJS"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-020-02626-1","article-title":"Management of distal humerus fractures","volume":"30","author":"Lauder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.06.004","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of total elbow arthroplasty for distal humeral fracture: results from a prior randomized clinical trial","volume":"28","author":"Dehghan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000050","article-title":"Open reduction and internal fixation versus total elbow arthroplasty for the treatment of geriatric distal humerus fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Githens","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.10.002","article-title":"Distal humerus fractures in patients over 65: Complications","volume":"99","author":"Obert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2017.10.018","article-title":"A\u00a0survivorship study of 838 total elbow replacements: a report from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register 1994-2016","volume":"27","author":"Krukhaug","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-3008-z","article-title":"Complications and revisions after semi-constrained total elbow arthroplasty: a mono-centre analysis of one hundred cases","volume":"40","author":"Toulemonde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.02.001","article-title":"Implant survival after total elbow arthroplasty: A retrospective study of 324 procedures performed from 1980 to 2008","volume":"23","author":"Plaschke","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2018.11.005","article-title":"Total Elbow Arthroplasty","volume":"44","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.12.064","article-title":"Risk factors for reoperation after total elbow arthroplasty","volume":"26","author":"Perretta","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.04.020","article-title":"Fracture healing: a review of clinical, imaging and laboratory diagnostic options","volume":"48","author":"Cunningham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A\u00a0new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies : development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Chronic Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.01.006","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of elbow range of motion measurements: smartphone-based digital photography versus goniometric measurements","volume":"41","author":"Meislin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-3818-x","article-title":"Trends in total elbow arthroplasty: a nationwide analysis in Germany from 2005 to 2014","volume":"42","author":"Klug","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib18","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"Frankle","year":"2003","journal-title":"Frankle - ORIF versus TEA"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.83B7.0830974","article-title":"Total elbow replacement for complex fractures of the distal humerus","volume":"83","author":"Gambirasio","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Ser B"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2007.06.011","article-title":"Unlinked elbow arthroplasty as primary treatment for fractures of the distal humerus","volume":"17","author":"Kalogrianitis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.84B6.0840812","article-title":"Complex fractures of the distal humerus in the elderly: the role of total elbow replacement as primary treatment","volume":"84","author":"Garcia","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bone Jt J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.08.003","article-title":"Total elbow arthroplasty for acute distal humeral fractures in patients over 65 years old \u2013 results of a multicenter study in 87 patients","volume":"99","author":"Mansat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.16.01222","article-title":"Total elbow arthroplasty for distal humeral fractures: a ten-year-minimum follow-up study","volume":"99","author":"Barco","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.90B3.18971","article-title":"Outcome of total elbow replacement for distal humeral fractures in the elderly: a comparison of primary surgery and surgery after failed internal fixation or conservative treatment","volume":"90","author":"Prasad","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Jt Surg Br"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-15-00683","article-title":"Distal humerus fractures in the elderly population","volume":"25","author":"Varecka","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s11678-019-0523-3","article-title":"Primary vs. secondary total elbow arthroplasty for distal humerus fractures: clinical results of a retrospective case\u2013control study","volume":"14","author":"Ellwein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obere Extrem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001631","article-title":"Total elbow arthroplasty for distal humerus fractures provided similar outcomes when performed as a primary procedure or after failed internal fixation","volume":"34","author":"Logli","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193419859373","article-title":"Influence of psychological factors on patient-reported upper extremity disability","volume":"45","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2019.03.019","article-title":"The association between symptoms of depression and office visits in patients with nontraumatic upper-extremity illness","volume":"45","author":"Crijns","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944718777814","article-title":"Depression and Pain interference correlate with physical function in patients recovering from hand surgery","volume":"14","author":"Crijns","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hand"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2013.784658","article-title":"Total elbow replacement: outcome of 1,146 arthroplasties from the Scottish Arthroplasty Project","volume":"84","author":"Jenkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.16.00089","article-title":"Total Elbow Arthroplasty","volume":"5","author":"Welsink","year":"2017","journal-title":"JBJS Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.02.020","article-title":"Results after 562 total elbow replacements: a report from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register","volume":"18","author":"Fevang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v7.i1.44","article-title":"Total elbow arthroplasty is moving forward: Review on past, present and future","volume":"7","author":"Prki\u0107","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425912451779","article-title":"Particle disease: biologic mechanisms of periprosthetic osteolysis in total hip arthroplasty","volume":"19","author":"Gallo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Innate Immun"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589514123000841?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589514123000841?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T18:58:43Z","timestamp":1762887523000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589514123000841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589514123000841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5141","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Outcomes After Acute Versus Delayed Total Elbow Arthroplasty for the Treatment of Distal Humerus Fractures","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.05.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Society for Surgery of the Hand.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}