{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T17:03:56Z","timestamp":1776877436117,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jhsgo.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T19:22:03Z","timestamp":1756495323000},"page":"100820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet in Adolescent Hand Surgery: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0201-199X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Polley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Blackman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John Tristan","family":"Cassidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"van der Stok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib1","series-title":"StatPearls","article-title":"Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) hand surgery","author":"Fish","year":"2024"},{"issue":"6 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib2","first-page":"H1276","article-title":"Epinephrine potentiates human platelet activation but is not an aggregating agent","volume":"255","author":"Lanza","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib3","series-title":"StatPearls","article-title":"Topical, local, and regional anesthesia and anesthetics","author":"Garmon","year":"2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182818ced","article-title":"Optimal time delay between epinephrine injection and incision to minimize bleeding","volume":"131","author":"McKee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193417728427","article-title":"Conceptual origins, current practice, and views of wide awake hand surgery","volume":"42","author":"Lalonde","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-018-0903-1","article-title":"WALANT for distal radius fracture: open reduction with plating fixation via wide-awake local anesthesia with no tourniquet","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447211003180","article-title":"WALANT Technique versus sedation for endoscopic carpal tunnel release","volume":"18","author":"Wellington","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib8","series-title":"Wide Awake Hand Surgery","first-page":"65","article-title":"WALANT Hand Surgery in Infants and Children","author":"Lalonde","year":"2016"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2022.05.002","article-title":"Pediatric wide-awake local anesthesia no-tourniquet hand surgery: a practical approach","volume":"4","author":"Kapadia","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Glob Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2700","article-title":"The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration","volume":"339","author":"Liberati","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2003.02748.x","article-title":"Methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS): development and validation of a new instrument","volume":"73","author":"Slim","year":"2003","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3784","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-022-07003-5","article-title":"MPFL reconstruction results in lower redislocation rates and higher functional outcomes than rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Cohen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib14","first-page":"1038","article-title":"Development of the QuickDASH: comparison of three item-reduction approaches","volume":"87","author":"Beaton","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000002877","article-title":"Wide awake surgery is safe and feasible in pediatric orthopaedic surgery","volume":"45","author":"Tamburini","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1177\/15589447221126764","article-title":"Improved resource utilization using WALANT hand surgery in adolescents","volume":"19","author":"Long","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2022.02.003","article-title":"Wide-awake hand surgery experience in patients 10 to 18 years of age","volume":"4","author":"Tuna","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Glob Online"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hansur.2021.07.008","article-title":"A new technique in surgical treatment of congenital and spontaneous extensor tendon snapping: Dorsalization-ulnarization of the metacarpal head","volume":"40","author":"Ozcelik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hand Surg Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2018.08.002","article-title":"Latest Advances in wide awake hand surgery","volume":"35","author":"Lalonde","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.11.019","article-title":"Cost savings and patient experiences of a clinic-based, wide-awake hand surgery program at a military medical center: a critical analysis of the first 100 procedures","volume":"42","author":"Rhee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib21","first-page":"400","article-title":"Estudio prospectivo sobre la aplicaci\u00f3n de un circuito WALANT para la cirug\u00eda del s\u00edndrome del t\u00fanel carpiano y dedo en resorte","volume":"63","author":"Far-Riera","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2020.07.003","article-title":"Incorporating office-based surgery into your practice with WALANT","volume":"45","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2020.03.013","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of minor hand surgeries comparing wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet and local anesthesia with tourniquet","volume":"106","author":"Ki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1201","article-title":"VATER non-random association of congenital malformations: study based on data from four malformation registers","volume":"101","author":"K\u00e4ll\u00e9n","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.6.890","article-title":"The ouchless place: no pain, children\u2019s gain","volume":"99","author":"Schechter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1177\/229255031202000315","article-title":"Teaching medical students and residents how to inject local anesthesia almost painlessly","volume":"20","author":"Farhangkhoee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.05.008","article-title":"Noise-canceling headphones and music decrease intraoperative patient anxiety during wide-awake hand surgery: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"3","author":"Townsend","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Glob Online"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpaic.2022.02.017","article-title":"Peripheral and local anaesthetic techniques for paediatric surgery","volume":"23","author":"Roberts","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589514125001409?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589514125001409?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T17:19:42Z","timestamp":1763659182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589514125001409"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589514125001409"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-5141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-5141","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet in Adolescent Hand Surgery: A Systematic Review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsg.2025.100820","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Society for Surgery of the Hand.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100820"}}