{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T05:51:53Z","timestamp":1789192313855,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jhandtherapy.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hand Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T07:29:33Z","timestamp":1751614173000},"page":"342-352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A randomized comparative trial: Relative motion vs metacarpophalangeal joint blocking orthoses for trigger finger management"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Li Xian","family":"Leong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3228-5795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siaw Chui","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julianne W.","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanif Farhan Mohd","family":"Rasdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nur Rahimawati Abdul","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-007-9012-1","article-title":"Trigger finger: etiology, evaluation, and treatment","volume":"1","author":"Makkouk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.331.7507.30","article-title":"Management and referral for trigger finger\/thumb","volume":"331","author":"Akhtar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2017.10.016","article-title":"Conservative management of trigger finger: a systematic review","volume":"32","author":"Lunsford","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20130135","article-title":"Multidisciplinary consensus guideline for managing trigger finger: results from the European HANDGUIDE Study","volume":"94","author":"Huisstede","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-1130(88)80049-8","article-title":"Conservative management of the trigger finger: a new approach","volume":"1","author":"Evans","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2023.05.016","article-title":"Orthotic intervention options to non-surgically manage adult and pediatric trigger finger: a systematic review","volume":"36","author":"Leong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2011.09.005","article-title":"A retrospective review to determine the long-term efficacy of orthotic devices for trigger finger","volume":"25","author":"Valdes","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2018.02.007","article-title":"Effectiveness of proximal interphalangeal joint-blocking orthosis vs metacarpophalangeal joint-blocking orthosis in trigger digit management: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"32","author":"Teo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2011.10.038","article-title":"Trigger finger treatment: a comparison of 2 splint designs","volume":"37","author":"Tarbhai","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(92)90124-8","article-title":"Trigger fingers and thumb: when to splint, inject, or operate","volume":"17","author":"Patel","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Hand Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944717725374","article-title":"Night splinting for idiopathic trigger digits","volume":"13","author":"Drijkoningen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1197\/j.jht.2008.05.001","article-title":"Effectiveness of splinting for the treatment of trigger finger","volume":"21","author":"Colbourn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/17589983211018717","article-title":"A proximal interphalangeal joint custom-made orthosis in trigger finger: functional outcome","volume":"26","author":"Pataradool","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19980301-13","article-title":"Functional distal interphalangeal joint splinting for trigger finger in laborers: a review and cadaver investigation","volume":"21","author":"Rodgers","year":"1998","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2016.07.001","article-title":"Relative motion orthoses in the management of various hand conditions: a scoping review","volume":"29","author":"Hirth","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2006.04.004","article-title":"Analysis of relative motion splint in the treatment of zone VI extensor tendon injuries","volume":"31","author":"Sharma","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944717732063","article-title":"Relative motion flexion splinting for flexor tendon lacerations: proof of concept","volume":"14","author":"Chung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JHSB.2004.10.014","article-title":"Differential splintage for flexor tendon rehabilitation: an experimental study of its effect on finger flexion strength","volume":"30","author":"Savage","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br Eur Vol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2023.10.008","article-title":"Treatment of trigger finger with metacarpophalangeal joint blocking orthosis vs relative motion extension orthosis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"37","author":"Yendi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-1130(98)80039-2","article-title":"An alternative splint design for trigger finger","volume":"11","author":"Lindner-Tons","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2022.10.004","article-title":"Exercise relative motion orthoses: use of the pencil test and variations of its use for assessing and managing different finger conditions","volume":"36","author":"Howell","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0307033","article-title":"Relative motion splints versus metacarpophalangeal joint blocking splints in the management of trigger finger: study protocol for a randomized comparative trial","volume":"19","author":"Leong","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1537","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001537","article-title":"Solving Hand\/Finger Pain Problems with the Pencil Test and Relative Motion Splinting","volume":"5","author":"Lalonde","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.18.3.205","article-title":"The minimum clinically significant difference in visual analogue scale pain score does not differ with severity of pain","volume":"18","author":"Kelly","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib25","unstructured":"Finch E, Brooks D, Pw S, Mayo N. Physical Rehabilitation Outcome Measures; 2002."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199606)29:6<602::AID-AJIM4>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Development of an upper extremity outcome measure: the DASH (disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand) [corrected]. The Upper Extremity Collaborative Group (UECG)","volume":"29","author":"Hudak","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2014.4893","article-title":"Minimal clinically important difference of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand outcome measure (DASH) and its shortened version (QuickDASH)","volume":"44","author":"Franchignoni","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1177\/000841749005700207","article-title":"The Canadian occupational performance measure: an outcome measure for occupational therapy","volume":"57","author":"Law","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can J Occup Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2010.06.0110","article-title":"Responsiveness of the Canadian occupational performance measure","volume":"48","author":"Eyssen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j5285","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j5285","article-title":"Acquired triggering of the fingers and thumb in adults","volume":"359","author":"David","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e642","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-19-00614","article-title":"Current concepts in the management of trigger finger in adults","volume":"28","author":"Gil","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2023.09.014","article-title":"Percutaneous over traditional: efficacy of minimally invasive trigger finger release amidst COVID-19 constraints in Malaysia","volume":"86","author":"Tay","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1177\/17531934221081803","article-title":"A comparative analysis of multidimensional computerized adaptive testing for the DASH and QuickDASH scores in Dupuytren's disease","volume":"47","author":"Harrison","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2023.01.001","article-title":"Partnering with people living with rheumatoid arthritis for care of their hands: four case reports using relative motion orthoses","volume":"36","author":"Feehan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2021.06.004","article-title":"A standard set for outcome measurement in patients with hand and wrist conditions: consensus by the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement Hand and Wrist Working Group","volume":"46","author":"Wouters","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hand Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0894113025000900?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0894113025000900?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T11:27:59Z","timestamp":1780486079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0894113025000900"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0894113025000900"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0894-1130"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0894-1130","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A randomized comparative trial: Relative motion vs metacarpophalangeal joint blocking orthoses for trigger finger management","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Hand Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jht.2025.05.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}