{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T04:12:19Z","timestamp":1781151139490,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jiac-j.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T00:19:54Z","timestamp":1628641194000},"page":"1700-1705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Incidence and associated risk factors for invasive fungal infections and other serious infections in patients on ibrutinib"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7244-6314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Holowka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5720-9994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maricar","family":"Malinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6984-754X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geliang","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4502-7579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Perreault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris","family":"Isufi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5498-5042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwan M.","family":"Azar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13075","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1004594107","article-title":"The Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor PCI-32765 blocks B-cell activation and is efficacious in models of autoimmune disease and B-cell malignancy","volume":"107","author":"Honigberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2015.07.008","article-title":"Small-molecule kinase inhibitors: an analysis of FDA-approved drugs","volume":"21","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215637","article-title":"Targeting BTK with ibrutinib in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"369","author":"Byrd","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib4","first-page":"386","article-title":"Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors: present and future","volume":"25","author":"Burger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Canc J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.14740\/jh482","article-title":"Efficacy of ibrutinib-based regimen in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Sardar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hematol J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e827","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(20)30224-6","article-title":"Consensus treatment recommendations from the tenth international Workshop for Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia","volume":"7","author":"Castillo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-04-639203","article-title":"Partial reconstitution of humoral immunity and fewer infections in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with ibrutinib","volume":"126","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1400376","article-title":"Ibrutinib versus ofatumumab in previously treated chronic lymphoid leukemia","volume":"371","author":"Byrd","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-10-810044","article-title":"Single-agent ibrutinib in treatment-naive and relapsed\/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a 5-year experience","volume":"131","author":"O'Brien","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-03-635326","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of MCL patients treated with single-agent ibrutinib: updated safety and efficacy results","volume":"126","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2018.1543884","article-title":"High rates of proven invasive fungal disease with the use of ibrutinib monotherapy for relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"60","author":"Teh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-017-2944-7","article-title":"Disseminated fusarium infection after ibrutinib therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","volume":"96","author":"Chan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix687","article-title":"Call for action: invasive fungal infections associated with ibrutinib and other small molecule kinase inhibitors targeting immune signaling pathways","volume":"66","author":"Chamilos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.04.012","article-title":"Inhibition of B Cell receptor signaling by ibrutinib in primary CNS lymphoma","volume":"31","author":"Lionakis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Canc Cell"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-09-603670","article-title":"Outcomes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia after discontinuing ibrutinib","volume":"125","author":"Jain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(16)30632-5","article-title":"Ibrutinib for patients with rituximab-refractory Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia (iNNOVATE): an open-label substudy of an international, multicentre, phase 3 trial","volume":"18","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy175","article-title":"Serious infections in patients receiving ibrutinib for treatment of lymphoid cancer","volume":"67","author":"Varughese","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2488","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2020.1775215","article-title":"Incidence and characterization of fungal infections in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients receiving ibrutinib","volume":"61","author":"Frei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mmcr.2019.12.007","article-title":"A case of CNS aspergillosis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia on first-line ibrutinib therapy","volume":"27","author":"Eichenberger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Mycol Case Rep"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-06-722991","article-title":"Atypical Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in previously untreated patients with CLL on single-agent ibrutinib","volume":"128","author":"Ahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz1008","article-title":"Revision and update of the consensus definitions of invasive fungal disease from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses study Group Education and Research Consortium","volume":"71","author":"Donnelly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e103","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq257","article-title":"International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: a 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"52","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201908-1581ST","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An official clinical practice guideline of the American Thoracic Society and infectious diseases Society of America","volume":"200","author":"Metlay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu296","article-title":"Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft tissue infections: 2014 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"59","author":"Stevens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib25","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Diseases & Conditions [cited 2020 October 20]. Available from:: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/DiseasesConditions\/."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.12.1085","article-title":"Bruton tyrosine kinase mediates TLR9-dependent human dendritic cell activation","volume":"133","author":"Lougaris","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-04-281170","article-title":"Neutrophil development and function critically depend on Bruton tyrosine kinase in a mouse model of X-linked agammaglobulinemia","volume":"117","author":"Fiedler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-12-823393","article-title":"Ibrutinib blocks Btk-dependent NF-kB and NFAT responses in human macrophages during Aspergillus fumigatus phagocytosis","volume":"132","author":"Bercusson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201404556","article-title":"Phagocytosis-dependent activation of a TLR9-BTK-calcineurin-NFAT pathway co-ordinates innate immunity to Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"7","author":"Herbst","year":"2015","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E966","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1500712112","article-title":"Therapeutic antitumor immunity by checkpoint blockade is enhanced by ibrutinib, an inhibitor of both BTK and ITK","volume":"112","author":"Sagiv-Barfi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s12281-019-00343-9","article-title":"Fungal infections with ibrutinib and other small-molecule kinase inhibitors","volume":"13","author":"Zarakas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Fungal Infect Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13453","article-title":"X-linked agammaglobulinemia complicated with pulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"60","author":"Nishi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-009-0322-5","article-title":"Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia as an atypical presentation of X-linked agammaglobulinemia","volume":"89","author":"Kanegane","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00265-13","article-title":"X-linked immunodeficient mice exhibit enhanced susceptibility to Cryptococcus neoformans Infection","volume":"4","author":"Szymczak","year":"2013","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib35","article-title":"Invasive fungal infections in patients with chronic lymphoproliferative disorders in the era of target drugs","volume":"10","author":"Facchinelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e108","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2016.151837","article-title":"Invasive fungal infections in chronic lymphoproliferative disorders: a monocentric retrospective study","volume":"102","author":"Tisi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib37","first-page":"1068","article-title":"The epidemiology of fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies: the SEIFEM-2004 study","volume":"91","author":"Pagano","year":"2006","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2018.192328","article-title":"Sustained efficacy and detailed clinical follow-up of first-line ibrutinib treatment in older patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: extended phase 3 results from RESONATE-2","volume":"103","author":"Barr","year":"2018","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509388","article-title":"Ibrutinib as initial therapy for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"373","author":"Burger","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14870","article-title":"Outcomes in 370 patients with mantle cell lymphoma treated with ibrutinib: a pooled analysis from three open-label studies","volume":"179","author":"Rule","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2016.1.432","article-title":"Walking a tightrope: clinical use of ibrutinib in mantle cell lymphoma in the elderly","volume":"2016","author":"Ruella","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hematology Am Social Hematol Educ Program"}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1341321X21002178?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1341321X21002178?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T19:02:41Z","timestamp":1761159761000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1341321X21002178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1341321X21002178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1341-321X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1341-321X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Incidence and associated risk factors for invasive fungal infections and other serious infections in patients on ibrutinib","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.08.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}