{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T10:29:18Z","timestamp":1790504958513,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004324","name":"Astellas Pharma US","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004324","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004571","name":"Minist\u00e8re des Affaires Sociales et de la Sant\u00e9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004571","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jidonline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Investigative Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T16:16:56Z","timestamp":1612455416000},"page":"1728-1734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Tacrolimus 0.1% for the Treatment of Facial Vitiligo: A Multicenter Randomized, Double-Blinded, Vehicle-Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"141","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1139-0908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julien","family":"Seneschal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0418-1438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Duplaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2122-3663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Maillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0797-6570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thierry","family":"Passeron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0667-9064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Andreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6726-6215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00e9gis","family":"Lassalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9837-3670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9lia","family":"Favary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6714-6643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Droitcourt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0928-8608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alain","family":"Ta\u00efeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5468-4589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled","family":"Ezzedine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.08.038","article-title":"Vitiligo skin is imprinted with resident memory CD8 T cells expressing CXCR3","volume":"138","author":"Boniface","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13879","article-title":"Vitiligo as a skin memory disease: the need for early intervention with immunomodulating agents and a maintenance therapy to target resident memory T cells","volume":"28","author":"Boniface","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-017-8622-7","article-title":"Vitiligo: focus on clinical aspects, immunopathogenesis, and therapy","volume":"54","author":"Boniface","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.527","article-title":"Maintenance therapy of adult vitiligo with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment: a randomized, double blind, placebo\u2013controlled study","volume":"135","author":"Cavali\u00e9","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.01.009","article-title":"CD49a expression defines tissue-resident CD8+ T cells poised for cytotoxic function in human skin","volume":"46","author":"Cheuk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2016.11.002","article-title":"Quality of life, burden of disease, co-morbidities, and systemic effects in vitiligo patients","volume":"35","author":"Elbuluk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17013","article-title":"International Initiative for Outcomes (INFO) for vitiligo: workshops with patients with vitiligo on repigmentation","volume":"180","author":"Eleftheriadou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12399","article-title":"Interventions for vitiligo","author":"Ezzedine","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA 316"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60763-7","article-title":"Vitiligo","volume":"386","author":"Ezzedine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.12.031","article-title":"Topical tacrolimus therapy for vitiligo: therapeutic responses and skin messenger RNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines","volume":"51","author":"Grimes","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.6.677","article-title":"Parametric modeling of narrowband UV-B phototherapy for vitiligo using a novel quantitative tool: the vitiligo area scoring index","volume":"140","author":"Hamzavi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12443","article-title":"FK506 regulates pigmentation by maturing the melanosome and facilitating their transfer to keratinocytes","volume":"29","author":"Jung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06739.x","article-title":"FK506 promotes melanocyte and melanoblast growth and creates a favourable milieu for cell migration via keratinocytes: possible mechanisms of how tacrolimus ointment induces repigmentation in patients with vitiligo","volume":"153","author":"Lan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2019.0696","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of topical calcineurin inhibitor therapy for patients with vitiligo: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"155","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.09.004","article-title":"Efficacy, predictors of response, and long-term follow-up in patients with vitiligo treated with narrowband UVB phototherapy","volume":"56","author":"Nicolaidou","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.10.032","article-title":"Resident memory and recirculating memory T cells cooperate to maintain disease in a mouse model of vitiligo","volume":"139","author":"Richmond","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30609-7","article-title":"Ruxolitinib cream for treatment of vitiligo: a randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial","volume":"396","author":"Rosmarin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/JID.2015.398","article-title":"The Vitiligo Impact Patient Scale (VIPs): development and validation of a vitiligo burden assessment tool","volume":"136","author":"Salzes","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11197.x","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of vitiligo: the European Dermatology Forum consensus","volume":"168","author":"Taieb","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib20","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of topical corticosteroid and home-based narrowband UVB for active and limited vitiligo - results of the HI-Light Vitiligo Trial [e-pub ahead of print]","author":"Thomas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31465","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031465","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibitors suppress cytokine production from memory T cells and differentiation of na\u00efve T cells into cytokine-producing mature T cells","volume":"7","author":"Tsuda","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17190","article-title":"Reference method for digital surface measurement of target lesions in vitiligo: a comparative analysis","volume":"180","author":"van Geel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Investigative Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022202X21000774?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022202X21000774?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T17:22:53Z","timestamp":1758302573000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022202X21000774"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022202X21000774"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-202X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-202X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Efficacy and Safety of Tacrolimus 0.1% for the Treatment of Facial Vitiligo: A Multicenter Randomized, Double-Blinded, Vehicle-Controlled Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Investigative Dermatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jid.2020.12.028","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier, Inc. on behalf of the Society for Investigative Dermatology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}